name
Orlov Alexander Ivanovich
Scholastic degree
•
•
•
Academic rank
professor
Honorary rank
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Organization, job position
• Bauman Moscow State Technical University
Research interests
статистические методы, организационно-экономическое моделирование. Разработал новую область прикладной статистики — статистику объектов нечисловой природы
Web site url
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Current rating (overall rating of articles)
0
TOP5 co-authors
Articles count: 150
Сформировать список работ, опубликованных в Научном журнале КубГАУ
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NON-NUMERICAL DATA STATISTICS IS A CENTRAL PART OF MODERN APPLIED STATISTICS
08.00.13 Mathematical and instrumental methods of Economics
Description
In 1979, non-numerical data statistics was singled out as an independent area of applied statistics. Initially, the term "statistics of objects of non-numerical nature" was used to denote this area of mathematical methods of economics. Our basic non-numeric statistics textbook is called "Non-Numeric Statistics". Non-numerical data statistics is one of the four main areas of applied statistics (along with number statistics, multidimensional statistical analysis, statistics of time series and random processes). Statistics of non-numerical data are divided into statistics in spaces of a general nature and sections devoted to specific types of non-numerical data (statistics of interval data, statistics of fuzzy sets, statistics of binary relations, etc.). Currently, statistics in spaces of a general nature is the central part of applied statistics, and non-numeric data statistics including it is the main area of applied statistics. This statement is confirmed, in particular, by the analysis of publications in the section "Mathematical Research Methods" of the journal "Industrial Laboratory. Diagnostics of Materials" - the main place of publication of russian studies on applied statistics. This article is devoted to the analysis of the basic ideas of non-numerical data statistics against the background of the development of applied statistics from the perspective of a new paradigm of mathematical research methods. Various types of non-numeric data are described. The historical path of statistical science is analyzed. We have discussed the development of statistics of non-numerical data. The article analyzes basic ideas of statistics in spaces of a general nature: average values, laws of large numbers, extreme statistical problems, nonparametric estimates of the probability density, classification methods (diagnostics and cluster analysis), statistics of the integral type. Some statistical methods for analyzing data lying in specific spaces of non-numeric nature are briefly considered: non-parametric statistics (real distributions usually differ significantly from normal), statistics of fuzzy sets, theory of expert estimates (the Kemeny median is a sample average of expert orderings), etc. We have also discussed some unsolved problems in statistics of nonnumeric data
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STATISTICAL METHODS IN HISTORY
01.00.00 Physical-mathematical sciences
Description
We have given a critical analysis of statistical models and methods for processing text information in historical records to establish the times when there were certain events, ie, to build science-based chronology. There are three main kinds of sources of knowledge of ancient history: ancient texts, the remains of material culture and traditions. The specific date of the extracted by archaeologists objects in most cases can not be found. The group of Academician A.T. Fomenko has developed and applied new statistical methods for analysis of historical texts (Chronicle), based on the intensive use of computer technology. Two major scientific results were: the majority of historical records that we know now, are duplicated (in particular, chronicles, describing the so-called "Ancient Rome" and "Middle Ages", talking about the same events); the known historical chronicles tell us about real events, separated from the present time for not more than 1000 years. It was found that chronicles describing the history of "ancient times" and "Middle Ages" and the chronicle of Chinese history and the history of various European countries do not talk about different, but about the same events. We have the attempt of a new dating of historical events and restoring the true history of human society based on new data. From the standpoint of statistical methods of historical records and images of their fragments – they are special cases of non-numeric objects of nature. Therefore, developed by the group of A.T. Fomenko computer-statistical methods are the part of non-numerical statistics. We have considered some methods of statistical analysis of chronicles applied by the group of A.T. Fomenko: correlation method of maximums; dynasties method; the method of attenuation frequency; questionnaire method codes. New chronology allows us to understand much of the battle of ideas in modern science and mass consciousness. It becomes clear the root cause of cautious attitude of the West towards Russia
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STATISTICAL MODELS IN MEDICINE
01.00.00 Physical-mathematical sciences
Description
The article is devoted to the discussion of the organization of clinical-statistical studies and experiments. We have considered the examples of the application of statistical methods in scientific medical research. Under the clinical-statistical research we understand specially organized collection and analysis of medical data about the course of disease in patients, research of the dynamics of objective and subjective indicators of the state of reaction to these or other therapeutic effects. We study one, two or more groups of individuals (patients or healthy), conclusions are drawn on the whole group, but not for each individual patient. The purpose of research - to transfer the conclusions reached for the sample to the general population, i.e., clinical and statistical study focused on the production of useful recommendations concerning those patients who fall into the field of view of doctors after the end of the study. There are two main types of research - prospective and retrospective. The first related to the analysis of the last patients, the second - to monitoring the course of their disease in the future. We have considered typical mistakes in the organization of clinical-statistical studies. When planning a research, we usually distinguish the experimental and control groups, which are identical or similar in all respects except for the studied factors (exposure). We discuss the various options for blind methods and consider the application of statistical models and methods in scientific medical research. We have analyzed examples of confidence estimation of proportion (probability) and the homogeneity test of probabilities. For statistical modeling we use the Poisson distribution in the case of small probability. With its help, we analyze statistical data on the opisthorchiasis
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STATISTICAL ESTIMATION FOR THE GROUPED DATA
01.00.00 Physical-mathematical sciences
Description
The probabilistic model of grouping data (including multidimensional data) is described. We have also generalized Euler-Maclaurin’s formulas. With its help Sheppard’s corrections and corrections on grouping for correlation coefficient are received. We have found and studied asymptotical corrections on grouping data generally. Accuracy of approach has been estimated
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EXISTENCE OF ASYMPTOTICALLY OPTIMAL PLANS IN DISCRETE PROBLEMS OF DYNAMIC PROGRAMMING
08.00.13 Mathematical and instrumental methods of Economics
Description
Dynamic programming is designed to solve discrete optimal control problems. According to this method, the optimal solution in a multidimensional problem is found by decomposing it into stages, each of which represents a subproblem with respect to one variable. In economic problems, the number of stages is the planning horizon. The choice of a planning horizon is necessary for a rigorous statement of the applied problem in the field of economics and management, but it is often difficult to justify. We see a way out in the use of asymptotically optimal plans for which the values of the optimization criterion differ little from its values for optimal plans for all sufficiently large planning horizons. The main result of the paper is the existence of an asymptotically optimal plan. The proof is carried out in several statements. If the sum of the maximums of the transition functions tends to 0, the existence of an asymptotically optimal plan is obtained in Theorem 1. A special case is models with a discount at a discount coefficient less than 1. The main part of the article is devoted to models with a discount coefficient equal to 1. Theorem 2 on the highway is proved for base set of a finite number of elements. In Theorem 3, a statement is obtained on the approximation of an arbitrary set by a finite one. In the final Theorem 4, the existence of an asymptotically optimal plan is proved in the general case. The term “magistral” is associated with a well-known recommendation to drivers: in order to get from point A to point B, it is advisable to go to the highway (magistral) at the initial section of the road, and then exit the highway and get to point B. The recommendation for choosing the optimal one is similar trajectories using the Pontryagin maximum principle in the model of the optimal distribution of time between obtaining knowledge and developing skills. This fact underlines the methodological proximity of dynamic programming and the Pontryagin maximum principle
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THEORETICAL TOOLS OF STATISTICAL METHODS
01.00.00 Physical-mathematical sciences
Description
We have considered the basic mathematical tools (theorems, methods) which are used regularly in the justification of new results in the field of statistical methods: rules of large numbers, central limit theorems, the necessary and sufficient conditions for the inheritance of convergence, the linearization method, the invariance principle
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01.00.00 Physical-mathematical sciences
Description
Lusian - dichotomous data model as a finite sequence of independent Bernoulli trials with, generally speaking, different probabilities of success. The tasks of statistical hypothesis testing, classification, averaging lusians are discussed. In accordance with the requirements of practice the problems are considered primarily in the asymptotic behavior of increasing dimension, in which the number of unknown parameters increases in proportion to the size of data. The method of testing hypotheses on set of small samples and the theory of unbiased statistical estimates were proved to be useful
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FUZZY SETS THEORY AS THE PART OF PROBABILITY THEORY
01.00.00 Physical-mathematical sciences
Description
One of the key provisions of the system fuzzy interval mathematics - the claim that the theory of fuzzy sets is the part of the theory of random sets, thus, part of the probability theory. The article is devoted to the justification of this statement. Proved number of theorems that show that the fuzzy sets and the results of operations on them can be viewed as the projections of random sets and the results of the corresponding operations on them
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THEORY OF EXPERT ESTIMATES IN OUR COUNTRY
01.00.00 Physical-mathematical sciences
Description
Is given the analysis of the development of expert estimates in our country after the war. Are presented a diversity of expert technologies, the main ideas and publications that help identify the driving forces of development in this promising scientific and practical field
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THE GROWTH POINTS OF STATISTICAL METHODS
01.00.00 Physical-mathematical sciences
Description
On the basis of a new paradigm of applied mathematical statistics, data analysis and economic-mathematical methods are identified; we have also discussed five topical areas in which modern applied statistics is developing as well as the other statistical methods, i.e. five "growth points" – nonparametric statistics, robustness, computer-statistical methods, statistics of interval data, statistics of non-numeric data
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