№ 107(3), March, 2015
Public date: 31.03.2015
Archive of journal: Articles count 114, 263 kb
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Description
The article examines the teaching descriptive geometry and engineering graphics on Faculty of Civil Engineering, higher-motivation of students to obtain needed competence to adopt competently compensation-drawings. The article describes the basic methods of conducting classes on the subject "Descriptive Geometry and Engineering Graphics" for students enrolled in the specialty 08.05.01 "Construction of unique buildings and structures." For lectures and laboratory classes in the department of descriptive geometry and graphics were developed multimedia courses with animation for all studied subjects, educational presentations that reveal the specifics of the discipline into account peculiarities of the educational process of learning in the Kuban State Agricultural university. Multimedia courses using enables us to model a situation that forces students to analyze, compare the solves of the task. Students develop an algorithmic way of thinking, formed the ability to think and act optimally variability. The use of multimedia development at the Department of Descriptive Geometry and Graphics showed an increase of performance results compared to the previous years of employment without presentation. It indicates that the use of multimedia lectures and laboratory exercises improves the efficiency and quality of education, as well as gives an opportunity to a greater extent to explain the learning material for students
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RESEARCHING AND CREATION OF A DEVICE FOR DRYING CHICKEN MANURE
Description
In this article the authors have proposed a process and arrangement for recycling in the poultry farms of the Krasnodar region of chicken manure and release of mineral fertilizers, аs well as the analysis of existing Russian technologies and devices for drying chicken manure. The study proposed a technology and apparatus for drying chicken manure to not only provide a significant deal of capital investments, but also cut energy costs by the proposed method and apparatus, as well as improving the quality of the finished product (chicken manure). In the method of drying chicken droppings produced removing mechanical impurities, mixing, drying and grinding of the hot gases, wherein the starting slurry is transported in a horizontal direction opposite to the flow direction of the hot gases while performing a gradual heating it with simultaneous comminution and mixing, and then after reaching the zone of maximum temperatures for each of the size fractions of the suspension is achieved by turning its direction on 180ºС and then transported in a direction coinciding with the direction of flow of the hot gases by carrying out the gradual cooling of the heat transfer starting product. We have also presented norms of dry chicken manure application under agricultural crops in the Krasnodar region
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VIBRATION TECHNOLOGY WITH A LARGE AMPLITUDE OF PARTICLE MOTION OF FEED COMPONENTS
Description
The article has revealed the contradiction between the way of technological impact and the means of implementation of technological transport in existing processes of feed preparation. There has been shown the possibility of eliminating this contradiction by menus of completely new technological equipment on the basis of relative screw drums and the opportunity to improve their productivity. There are no exciters in the offered design of vibrating machines. There is no need for them because the move mend of mass loading particles is provided by the original constructions of relative screw drums committing a rotary motion around its own axis. For implementing of feed preparation process the geometry of the relative screw drum and its dynamism must be individual: the shape, spatial orientation, the impact of forces providing feed components particles simultaneously with rotational-translational and vibrational motion. In the result, the continuously running through the inner cavity of the relative screw drum particles of feed components perform rotational-translational movements with super imposed vibrations inside this drum, due to this process the particles of feed components are mixed intensively
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06.00.00 Agricultural sciences
06.00.00 Agricultural sciences
Description
In the article we show the results of studying the influence of Ecoss enriched biogumat on the photosynthetic complex of radish plants. Seed treatment with humate allows plants to form more powerful root system and develop resistance to various diseases, they are less affected root and basal rot. Plants form a large leaf surface. In leaves we have increased chlorophyll content, they remain longer green, more intense and will accumulate in vegetation greater number of assimilant (carbohydrates), and ultimately increase the yield. More intensive work of the leaves apparatus also contributes to the reduction of nitrates in the production, which is especially important when growing vegetables, melons and potatoes. Humates have a positive impact on yields on soils of different fertility and the different value of the yield. This not only increases the yield of 3 - 5 kg/ha, but also increases the gluten content in grain of winter wheat by 3 - 4%. The application of humates has a high adaptability. Their use can be combined with seed treatment pesticides, spraying crops with pesticides, mineral fertilizers. Therefore, humates are widely spread not only in Russia but all over the world. We have studied the content of chlorophylls and carotenoids at leaf apparatus of radish plants, depending on the methods and doses of the processing with humic preparation
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STUDY OF THE INFLUENCE OF ECOSSE ENRICHED BIOHUMATES ON THE PRODUCTIVITY OF VEGETABLE CROPS
06.00.00 Agricultural sciences
Description
This article describes the results of laboratory experience on the impact of Ecoss enriched Biogumat on the productivity of radish varieties of Corundum in the conditions of artificial climate of Kuban state agrarian University. Sowing was made on November 24, 2014, in two replications. Processing was carried out by humic preparation with a content of humic substances 4 g/L. Humic substances are a special group of organic compounds, the origin of which is associated with the biochemical processes of decomposition and transformation of plant residues (leaves, roots, branches, trunks), animal remains, protein bodies of microorganisms In their composition we have detected humic acids, fulvic acids, salts of these acids, humates and fulvates and Hominy - durable connection of humic and fulvic acids from soil minerals. We have developed different ways of processing plants of radish humic preparation. The influence of this drug on the passage of the phenological stages of plant development was examined for radish and its morphometric characteristics and productivity, depending on processing methods
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SUNFLOWER HUSKS AS A SOURCE OF FUNCTIONAL FEED ADDITIVES
06.00.00 Agricultural sciences
Description
The article describes the results of the complex feed additive based on sunflower husk, enriched with beer wort with the addition of pumpkin pulp. We have studied the chemical composition of sunflower husk, which is the secondary resource of the processing plant raw material, selected methods of enrichment of this raw material with the help of fungi Trichoderma harzianum. Cellulolytic enzyme preparations on the basis of fungi of the genus Trichoderma for use in agriculture and animal feed production is often obtained when the surface method of cultivation. These drugs are cheap and contain a significant number of related hydrolytic enzymes, 29 such as amylase, protease, pectinase and hemicellulase, which are also important and valuable to the consumer. As a vitamin component of the feed additive we have selected a pumpkin pulp, which is a valuable feed for livestock and poultry is a source of carotene, fat and nitrogenous substances. We have also developed elements of technology for complex feed additive. We have created a comprehensive feed additive which can be used in the composition of diets in the feeding of farm animals and poultry
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GROWING SUMMER POTATO WITH IRRIGATION ON FLOOD LANDS OF SOUTH RUSSIA
06.00.00 Agricultural sciences
Description
The article is devoted to the study of growth peculiarities of summer potato on floodplain lands of Southern Russia. High and stable yields in big farms are possible using substantiated planting time of potato which depends on specific soil – climatic conditions of the area as well as potato cultivation technology elements improvement under irrigation. The latter will provide in turn water and power resources economy. The results of field research to determine planting time allow defining the most favorable conditions for potato cultivation in the given soil-climatic zone. The analysis of data obtained on differential irrigation regimes gives a possibility to determine common regularities of irrigation standards impact on potato growth efficiency. The regime proposed is in conformity with the concept of ecological land reclamation and takes into account a moderate anthropogenic impact on landscape processes under a permissible level of summer potato productivity decrease. Therefore proposed optimal time of summer planting and rational irrigation regime will increase industrial efficiency of potato production and provide environmental safety of irrigation on floodplain lands of South Russia while allowing to economize water and power resources
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MICROELEMENTS IN SUNFLOWER CROPS
06.00.00 Agricultural sciences
Description
The obtained experimental data show that the incorporation of trace elements into the system of the sunflower crop has a positive impact on the mineral nutrition of plants, the number and quality of the crop. Foliar feeding of sunflower crops with micronutrients improves nutrition of plants with nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, thus creating the preconditions for the formation of highly agrocenosis. The seed yield of sunflower increased by variants with application of micronutrients 1.2-3.5 t/ha or 4.4-12.9 percent. The greatest impact of treatment with boron and copper, exceeding the background option 3.1-3.5 t/ha or 11.5-12.9% respectively. The crop is least influenced by manganese and molybdenum. The examined elements positively influenced the structure of the sunflower crop. The greatest influence on the diameter of the basket, the number of seeds, weight of seeds in the basket, the weight of 1000 seeds was provided by the zinc and copper. Trace elements contributed to the improvement of quality indicators of sunflower. For husk content, the greatest positive effect was cobalt, zinc, manganese and copper, increasing the background option 10.1, 10.4, 10.5 and 10, and 6%, respectively, on the oil content of sunflower seeds had cobalt, copper and zinc. The oil content on these options amounted 55,0, with 55.1 and 55.2%, respectively, increasing this figure by 1.5 to 1.7 %. The acid number at variants with boron, manganese and zinc was the same with the background option and amounted to 1.8. The greatest influence on iodine number provided molybdenum, zinc and copper, which accounted for 170,5, 171,2 and 171,4, exceeding the background option 10.2 and 11.1
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06.00.00 Agricultural sciences
Description
The results of study of groups and forms of iron compounds in leached chernozemic soils of Western Ciscaucasia for three crop rotations according to scheme grain-grass-hoeing are presented. With long-term use of leached black soil in terms of Agrigento there is a substantial change in the contents of the various groups and iron compounds. On the non-fertilized variant of rotation, the total content of this element in the 0-20 cm 21-40 cm soil layer by 69.4 and 66.5% of silicate and by 30.6% and 33.5% free group of compounds of iron. The applied system of fertilizer crop rotation helps reduce the silicate and increase of free group its compounds. In leached black soil a group of desilicated iron in the 0-20 cm layer 24.8 % presents crystallizability and to 75.2% amorphous compounds, 21-40 cm layer, respectively, 26.2 and 73,8 %. Under the influence of fertilizers we have noticed increasing of amorphous and reducing the number of cristallizing forms of the compounds of this element the soil. The number of different groups and forms of iron compounds in leached black soil with systematic use of fertilizers in crop rotation is determined not by the size of introducing this element as impurities, and processes such as the alienation of iron with additional derived products, increase its mobility in the soil due to a shift in the reaction of the soil solution, changes in fractional-group composition of humus. Diagnostic criteria state of iron in the soil are leached quantitative ratio of the content of the various groups and forms of the compounds of this element
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SCIENTIFIC BASE OF USING COMPLEX MICROFERTILIZERS IN RICE GROWING
06.00.00 Agricultural sciences
Description
This article is a review work where the role of microelements in life of plants is observed and theoretical and practical issues concerning application of complex microfertilizers enhancing productivity, quality of seeds and grain on rice crops are highlighted. The complexions of the metals used as micronutrients, are an effective form of trace elements and means of regulation of the production process of agricultural crops as seed treatment before sowing, and when conducting foliar vegetating plants. Their inclusion in the system of fertilizer rice to balance mineral nutrients necessary for plant life, providing increased productivity, quality seeds and grains
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