№ 110(6), June, 2015
Public date: 30.06.2015
Archive of journal: Articles count 121, 265 kb
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01.00.00 Physical-mathematical sciences
01.00.00 Physical-mathematical sciences
Description
Following the absence of a definite treatment for the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) or the acquired immune deficiency syndromes (AIDS) since their appearance, many scientific studies with the help of mathematical models have been formulated to the extent possible to prevent and eradicate the disease. In this article we have formulated a mathematical model that explores the dynamics of the impact of the use of condom and therapeutic treatment simultaneously, as a means (tools) against the spread of HIV/AIDS in the heterosexual population. The proposed model uses a nonlinear differential equation system consisting of seven (7) differential equations in seven (7) groups of the population. The model takes into account natural birth rate of the studied population, and the proportion of infected males, which simultaneously uses condom and antiretroviral therapy. The model explores the behavioral change of proportion of infected individuals in the population following the application of control measures (condom use and antiretroviral therapy). It is proved that the effectiveness of preventive measures greatly depends on a number of parameters described. In addition, the results of numerical experiments showed that in the absence of both preventive measures, the entire population is contaminated with the infection. The interaction of the model parameters show that the population with high levels of condom use in the presence of significant adherence to antiretroviral therapy as prophylaxis significantly reduces the level of HIV/AIDS. Thus, prevention of infection is significantly improved with the increasing number of the infected population using condoms and antiretroviral therapy simultaneously
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MATHEMATICAL MODEL OF THE DYNAMICS OF HIV INFECTION WITHOUT TREATMENT
01.00.00 Physical-mathematical sciences
Description
This article discusses the mathematical and numerical modeling of the immune system of the course of HIV infection without treatment. Presently a significant number of scientific papers are devoted to the study of this problem. However, HIV infection is highly volatile and there is no effective drug, in that HIV has the ability to mutate and reproduce itself in the presence of chemical substances that are meant to inhibit or destroy it. The mathematical models used in this paper are conceptual and exploratory in nature. The proposed mathematical model allow us to obtain a complete description of the dynamics of HIV infection, and also an understanding of the progression to AIDS. Thus, the results of the numerical solution of differential equations in this work show that: the disease develops, and at low concentration of the virus, a certain level of stability does not depend on the initial concentration of infestation. In the absence of treatment, for interesting competition between virus and the loss of virus caused by immune response should be strictly greater than the rate of multiplication of the virus in the blood; the reproduction rate of the uninfected cells should be stricly greater than the mortality rate of the uninfected cells
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PHYSICAL BASIS OF ISOTOPE-ENRICHED LAYERS FORMATION IN FIBER OPTICS
01.00.00 Physical-mathematical sciences
Description
It is known that transmission coefficient of quartz glass containing the same amount of 28Si and 30Si in the silicon optical fiber is lesser than in commercial LEDs for telecommunications. Therefore it is topical to develop the method of optical glass formation with specified isotope composition in the core and in the shell. The article provides an analysis of physical and chemical processes occurring at the formation of quartz optical fiber blanks by vapor deposition from the gas phase. It is shown that the part of the silicon tetrachloride oxidation stages passes through the radical processes. Therefore for quartz glass formation with specified isotope composition it is possible to use the paramagnetic phenomena caused by the external magnetic field in a high-temperature flow at the quartz glass chemical deposition from the vapor phase. In this case alloy additive using is not necessary. Alloy additives can form density inhomogeneities in the glass. Simultaneous silicon glass formation and silicon isotope separation process bring to significant reduction of the fiber cost in comparison with isotope-enriched materials using. The permanent magnets can be used for magnetic field formation at existing process units
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SIMULATING AND PREDICTING GLOBAL CLIMATIC ANOMALIES SUCH AS EL NINO AND LA NINA
01.00.00 Physical-mathematical sciences
Description
The paper discusses the modeling and prediction of the climate of our planet with the use of artificial intelligence AIDOS-X. We have developed a number of semantic information models, demonstrating the presence of the elements of similarity between the motion of the lunar orbit and the displacement of the instantaneous pole of the Earth. It was found that the movement of the poles of the Earth leading to the variations in the magnetic field, seismic events, as well as violations of the global atmospheric circulation and water, and particular to the emergence of episodes such as El Niño and La Niña. Through semantic information models studied some equatorial regions of the Pacific Ocean, as well as spatial patterns of temperate latitudes, revealed their relative importance for the prediction of global climatic disturbances in the tropical and temperate latitudes. The reasons of occurrence of El Niño Modoki and their relationship with the movement of elements of the lunar orbit in the long-term cycles are established. Earlier, we had made a forecast of the occurrence of El Niño episode in 2015. Based on the analysis of semantic models concluded that the expected El Niño classical type. On the basis of the prediction block AIDOS-X calculated monthly evolution scenario of global climate anomalies. In this paper, the analysis of the actual implementation forecast of El Niño since its publication in January 2015 - before June 2015. It is shown that the predicted scenario of climatic anomalies actually realized. Calculations of future climate scenarios with system «Aidos-X» recognition module indicate that further possible abnormal excess temperature indicators of surface ocean waters in regions Nino 1,2 and Nino3,4 for 2015 may be comparable with similar abnormalities in the catastrophic El Niño of 1997-1998.
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SIMULATION OF NONLINEAR COLOR OSCILLATIONS IN YANG-MILLS THEORY
01.00.00 Physical-mathematical sciences
Description
The article presents the simulation of non-linear spatial-temporal color oscillations in Yang-Mills theory in the case of SU (2) and SU (3) symmetry. We examined three systems of equations derived from the Yang-Mills theory, which describes the transition to chaotic behaviour. These transitions are caused by nonlinear vibrations of colour, depending on the model parameters - the coupling constants and the initial wave amplitude. Such transitions to chaotic behaviour by increasing the parameters are characteristic of hydrodynamic turbulence. A model of spatial-temporal oscillations of the Yang-Mills theory in the case of three and eight colors. The results of numerical simulation show that the nonlinear interaction does not lead to a spatial mixing of colors as it might be in the case of turbulent diffusion. Depending on the system parameters there is a suppression of the amplitude of the oscillations the first three of five colors or vice versa - the first three five other colors. The kinetic energy fluctuations or shared equally between the color components, or dominated by the kinetic energy of repressed groups of colors. Note that the general property of physical systems described by nonlinear equations in the Yang-Mills theory and hydrodynamics is particularly strong in the formation of quark-gluon plasma and hadrons jets, when the Yang-Mills is involved in the formation of hydrodynamic flow. Note that there is a relationship between the Einstein and Yang-Mills theory, on the one hand, Einstein's equations and hydrodynamics - on the other. All of this points to the existence in the nature of a general mechanism of formation of a special type of turbulence - geometric turbulence
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Description
This publication examines the relationship between the structure of molecules of complexing (descriptors of electronic structure), which are used as inhibitors of hydrogen embrittlement of the steel grade St3, and the content of absorbed hydrogen in model samples-plates made of the above steel. The form of expression of this relationship is the correlation coefficient (CC) by Pearson
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Description
The article deals with the historical aspect of the formation of microbial-plant relationships. We study the details of the way the separate form components of the system "Microorganisms-plant" in the course of evolution. The research is based on the historical analysis of the interactions between microorganisms and plants. As a result of interactions a microbial-plant complex is formed. The article describes some types of interactions between microorganisms and plants. In general, various forms of symbiosis are components of a single evolutionary continuum
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MICROBIAL COMMUNITIES OF KARPOSPHAERA AND PHILLOPLAN OF SOME PLANTS OF GROSSULARIACEAE FAMILY
Description
The article presents the results of the research of microflora composition of the leaf surface, the surface of fruit and flowers of Ribes nigrum, R. niveum, R . rubrum and Grossularia reclinata. The research was carried out in the seasonal dynamics from 2007 to 2014. The authors used the method of print for isolating microorganisms from plants. For convenience of calculations and contamination comparison of different environmental niches of plants the number of selected microorganisms was counted on the surface of 1 cm2. It was found out in the article that microorganisms on the surface of lamina are distributed unequally. The number of microorganisms on the bottom surface of the foliage in all periods turned out to be higher. The greatest number of microorganisms was recorded in autumn and reaches the highest value in October. The number of microorganisms on fruit surface increased with ripening and was the highest in July. The quantity on the flowers varies considerably throughout the flowering and is represented minimally compared to other plants niches. The study revealed species-specificity of microorganisms and the host plants. At the same time, long-term study of the microflora of plants belonging to one family made it possible to reveal species that are typical epiphytes
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SOIL DEGRADATION AND THE ROLE OF FOREST BELTS IN LAND MELIORATION
Description
Soil degradation (erodere – eat away, lat.) - a process when pieces of rocks and soil are separated from their initial location. Then transferred and deposited in some new place. The factors of erosion are water, wind, landslides, rock particles and etc. Erosion is the process of destruction and demolition of the soil cover (or parent rocks) by flows of water or wind which causes depletion of fertile top soil layer. The destruction of this layer occurs quickly, and for its restoration thousand years are required. Reduction of soil fertility is one of the main problems that are associated with its pollution. Erosion is a natural process that occurs very slowly ever since the Earth was formed (about 45-50 billion years ago). Realistically, mountains, valleys, plains and deltas on the Earth's surface have been created by water and wind erosion as a result of their joint action over a long period of time. Geological erosion was acted at a slow pace for hundreds of years. When humans appeared it occurred to be an invasion of species which could transform their natural environment. An artificial type of erosion, which acts much faster than the natural erosion, was formed because of human
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Description
At present, the cultivation of agricultural products is on a level where the growth of productivity and quality is only possible by using the latest achievements of science. Scientists have been developing elements of agro-technologies of complex applications of growth regulators, fungicides and fertilizers in growing winter wheat, providing a significant increase in productivity and quality of agricultural products, reduction of labor costs, energy and all kinds of resources, sustainable harvesting, even in the zone of risky agriculture. Plant growth regulators have multifunctional properties, which are expressed in the regulation of plant growth and development, and in increasing their resilience to adverse weather conditions and many diseases. However, despite the fact that there are many examples of extremely high economic efficiency of plant growth regulators, in terms of production and use of pesticides are much inferior. Retardants and defoliants are used more widely. However, low rates of regulators and elicitors, the ability to manage with their help the growth and development of plants; change the resistance of plants to various external factors determines their prospects. We propose to apply the "agrochemical cocktails." It will induce the systemic plant resistance to the whole growing season, which is not possible in the case of using only one of the fungicides and bactericides. It is necessary to take into account the features of the functioning of the immune system of plants and to develop technological methods of influence on the key stages of the immune response of plants
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