№ 113(9), November, 2015
Public date: 30.11.2015
Archive of journal: Articles count 119, 266 kb
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Description
On the one hand, man is a physical object and a person. Therefore, we interact with the reality, on one hand, directly as a physical object, but on the other hand as a person, i.e. indirectly through our psyche. On the basis of information from the senses, the consciousness of a person creates a subjective model of reality. A man mistakes his subjective model of reality for reality itself, i.e. unnecessarily assigns an ontological status, by the hypostatizations. In fact, as the reality a man perceives not reality itself, but only its subjective model of that reality. As a result, as a physical object, a person lives in the physical world, and as a person he lives in his subjective model of physical and social reality created on the basis of information coming to his senses directly and from the media. This work considers the process of formation of subjective 3D models reality based of large numbers of 2D images, a distinction is made in the content of terms: "Seeing" and "Sensing"; it also analyzes the transformation of objective facts into subjective perceptions of consciousness and back. As a result of hypostatizations of subjective models of reality, we may observe the same effects as in virtual reality (a reality effect; the effect of the presence; the effect of depersonalization; the effect of virtualization goals, values, and motivations). So, there is every reason to consider different subjective models of reality generated by different forms of consciousness, the virtual models. We study various consequences of these statements
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RELIGIOUS TRANSGRESSION IN HETEROTOPIC SPACES
DescriptionHeterotopia, according to M. Foucault, is the space beyond all others, the space in which there are no familiar laws and regulations to the subject. It is obvious that behavioral stereotypes in such circumstances are undergoing all sorts of changes. People entering the heterotopia (especially in frontier heterotopia), is forced to adapt to new conditions and somehow the so-called act of transgression, i.e. to overstep the limits of the traditional behavior. It raises epistemological significance of the study of heterotopic transgression. The author, using Foucauldian approach to heterotopia, analyzes various forms of transgression, for the first time their classification is given. However, special attention is paid to religious transgressions, as heterotopic space often give ground for the emergence of new religious movements, branches, and sometimes even new religious systems. The author concludes that acts of transgression are a form of reaction to a meeting with an Alien in new for the subject of transgression conditions, which gives him the opportunity to adapt successfully to changing environmental conditions. All this corresponds to basic instincts of survival of the individual
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Description
This article represents experience of a reflection over theoretical prerequisites of phenomenological and system approaches to a problem of forecasting of social reality. An object of research are the principle of multidimensionality of social reality in aspect of a determinism and indeterminism of social processes, and also the principle of causal asymmetry of time acting as the ontologic basis of multidimensionality of reality. It is claimed, that at the heart of statement of the major philosophical problems there is an experience of a touch to a phenomenon of multidimensionality of reality. Multidimensionality of reality is shown as a dependence of fundamental characteristics on the level of theoretical generalization and an intentionality of the consciousness registering reality in its existence. The hypothesis of multidimensionality of social reality assumes that social processes can be described and as strictly determined, predicted and as depending on a free will of the person depending on the level of theoretical generalization at which they are considered. The principle of causal asymmetry of time is a form of multidimensionality of time and a condition of multidimensionality of process, including social. At the heart of causal asymmetry of time, there is a systemacity of time, not reducibility of time neither to consciousness, nor to life. It is shown that is impossible differently as through the synthesizing activity of consciousness, to connect together two senses, equally directly related at the right time: duration keeping time in some equal unity of the moments and the variability, change of times expressing ontologic exclusiveness of the present moment. Multidimensionality and asymmetry of time can be considered as theoretical prerequisites of phenomenological and system approach to a problem of social forecasting
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Description
Contemporary philosophical thought is able to find modern trends of development. The traditional materialistic and idealistic model turns out archaic and platitudinous. It is necessary to work out appropriate forms of reflection. In addition, a need exists for including the interpretation of being actual fundamental research. The history of Russian thought reveals that in the end of XIX century, when intellectual crisis was occurred, it was formed such philosophical trend as realism. The grounds of realism were the achievements of natural science on the one hand and on the other were the revolutionarydemocratic ideas of «the Sixties». Realism being aimed at the reinterpretation and transformation of practical life on the real foundations set itself the task to study the actual reality. Therefore, philosophical realism has received an active development in a domestic science. Natural scientists argued correlative unity of material and ideal in nature. Idealism was regarded as speculative (insignificant) philosophy and materialism was as a limitation of the cognitive space of being and nature. The advantages of philosophical realism are rationalism, syncretism, and criticism. Realism is a trend of thought which has not yet evolved and can be productive in resolving modern problems
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METHODS OF MULTICRITERIA RANKING MODELING IN SOCIO-ECONOMIC RISKS
DescriptionThe aim of public health monitoring is to study the influence of environmental factors on health, identifying causal relationships, forecast the situation and the adoption of adequate solutions for management of the situation. One of the tasks of forecasting is the evaluation of risk, as well as indicators’ of a disease growth. The authors calculated the risk of spreading disease in the territory due to environmental factors (EF). Thus, it will be possible to make adequate solutions to detect and eliminate harmful EF. Consequently, decision-making for managing human habitations needs paying attention to the highest risk of the emergence and spreading of diseases, standing at the beginning of the ranked series, in order to identify causal relationships of environment and public health of the population. Mathematical model of evaluation index system such as "degree of concern" of the disease of population makes it possible to identify the most "risky" classes of diseases for different groups of the population, followed by determination of causal relationships due to the influence of environmental factors
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FINANCIAL RISK ASSESSMENT OF AN AGRICULTURAL COMPANY ACCORDING TO REPORTING
DescriptionThe instruments of increasing competitive stability and decreasing financial risk of the company in the conditions of an economic crisis are considered in this article. The process of production in agriculture is closely related to the natural biological processes. Animals and plants function as means of production, and they are living organisms, developing on the biological laws that determine the dependence of the production process in the agricultural sector on natural factors. Besides, various soil climatic conditions have impact on results of economic activity of agricultural producers. Therefore, companies that work in rather worse natural zones are less competitive. The price factor doesn't provide financial well-being and doesn't reduce risk of bankrupt to such organizations. The economic situation in the country, emergence of new financial instruments and some other factors has essential impact on results of economic activity of an agrarian enterprise. Thus, the activity of the company in all its forms is connected with numerous risks, thus, financial risks play an essential role, generally, "a portfolio of risks". In this regard, an actual task in practice of an agrarian enterprise is the assessment of level of financial risk on the basis of accounting reports: the balance sheet records the financial situations of the organization at reporting date, and the report profits and losses results of financial activity. The system of internal control in various directions is necessary for risk management: acquisition of raw materials and materials, product sales, logistics, personals, finance and capital investments. A possibility of an agrarian company to estimate, to control and to operate its own risks is important competitive advantage, allowing to create financial and steady structure of the organization
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RELEVANCE OF APPLICATION OF BENCHMARKING IN RUSSIAN COMPANIES
DescriptionThe article is devoted to the modern instrument of increase of overall performance of the enterprise – to benchmarking. Benchmarking is the process of comparison of the activity with leaders in the market which allows to understand the place among competitors, to study and apply the best practical recommendations of other companies, to improve operational performance of own enterprise and to keep competitiveness
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Description
The article deals with the problems of functioning analysis of a contemporary mountain–climatic health resort and describes the perspective territories for development of mountain–climatic health resorts, as well as the necessity of creating such recreation zones and carrying out an analysis of state support mechanisms. In addition, the authors give their own methodological approach characterizing the levels of mountain–climatic health resort cluster development in the Krasnodar region
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CONSEQUENCES OF DECISIONS FOR SCIENCE-TECHNOLOGY AND ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT
DescriptionThe real facts presented in this article, demonstrate the great importance in today's world of strategic management, methods of analyses of innovations and investments and the role of the theory of decision-making in these economic disciplines. We have given the retrospective analysis of the development of nuclear physics research. For the development of fundamental and applied science in the second half of the twentieth century, we had a very great importance of the two events: the decision of US President Roosevelt to deploy nuclear program (adopted in response to a letter from Einstein) and the coincidence in time between the completion of the construction of nuclear bomb and the end of World War II. The nuclear bombing of Hiroshima and Nagasaki has determined the developments in science and technology for the entire second half of the twentieth century. For the first time in the entire history of the world the leaders of the leading countries clearly seen that fundamental research can bring great practical benefit (from the point of view of the leaders of countries). Namely, they can give the brand new super-powerful weapon. The consequence was a broad organizational and financial support of fundamental and deriving from them applied research. Is analyzed the influence of fundamental and applied research on the development and effective use of new technology and technical progress. We consider the development of mathematical methods of research and information technology, in particular, the myth of "artificial intelligence"
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SOLIDARY INFORMATION ECONOMY - THE ECONOMY WITHOUT MARKET AND MONEY
DescriptionWe are developing a new organizational-economic theory - solidary information economy, based on the views of Aristotle. The name of this theory has changed over time. Initially, we used the term "nonformal information economy of the future", and then began to use the term "solidary information economy." In connection with Biocosmology and neo-Aristotelism preferred is an adequate term "functionalist organic information economy. Further development of our theory is the subject of this article. We begin with a brief review of the economic views of Aristotle and the basic ideas of solidary information economy. Then are substantiated the withering away of the Family, Private Property and the State. We discuss the evolution of money - from gold coins to IOUs and conventional units of circulation. We prove that the market economy has remained in the XIX century and the mainstream in modern economic science - justification of insolvency of a market economy and the need to move to a planned system of economic management. We examine the impact of ICT on economic activity. We develop the approaches to decision-making in the functionalist organic information economy. On the basis of modern decision theory (especially expert procedures) and information-communication technologies earthlings can get rid of chrematistics and will understand the term "economy" according to Aristotle