№ 117(3), March, 2016
Public date: 31.03.2016
Archive of journal: Articles count 89, 225 kb
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01.00.00 Physical-mathematical sciences
DISTRIBUTIONS OF REAL STATISTICAL DATA ARE NOT NORMAL
01.00.00 Physical-mathematical sciences
Description
In the training courses on the theory of probability and mathematical statistics there are various parametric families of distributions of numerical random variables considered. Namely, we have been studying the families of normal distributions, log-normal distributions, exponential distributions, gamma distributions, Weibull-Gnedenko distributions, etc. All of them depend on one, two or three parameters. Therefore, for a complete description of the distribution it is sufficient to know or estimate one, two or three numbers. Parametric theory of mathematical statistics is widely developed, where it is assumed that the distribution of observations belong to one or another parametric family of distributions. This tradition comes from Karl Pearson, who in the early twentieth century proposed the use of four parametric family of distributions. The above families of distributions - are the subsets of a four-parametric family of Pearson. Unfortunately, parametric families exist only in the minds of the authors of textbooks on probability theory and mathematical statistics. In real life, they are not. Therefore, modern applied statistics and econometrics mainly use non-parametric methods, in which the distribution of observations can have arbitrary form. First, on an example of a normal distribution, we are discussing the impossibility of practical use of parametric families of distributions to describe specific statistical data. We give the results of research of metrologists and estimation of convergence in limit theorems. Then we discuss how the parametric methods can use for reject outlying observations. It is very unstable the significance levels for a fixed rejection rule and the parameter of the rejection rules for a fixed level of significance. Consequently, the rejection of the classic rules of mathematical statistics is not sciencebased
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01.00.00 Physical-mathematical sciences
Description
This article describes a mathematical model of transport of salt ions in a cell with a rotating disk cation exchange membrane at transcendent current regimes, taking into account electroconvection. Based on this model, we had a theoretically study of the process of transfer of salt ions and the dependence of the thickness of the diffusion layer from the fall of potential. This article is a continuation of [8] and [9], it conducted a numerical analysis of boundary value problem for a system of equations Nernst-Planck-Poisson and Navier-Stokes equations, modeling the transport of salt ions in a cylindrical cell with a rotating disc cation exchange membrane based on electroconvection. It is shown there is an electroconvection vortex in the center of the membrane disc. The solution flows around this vortex and forms a stagnation zone in front of it. With the increase in the size of the fall of potential, the electroconvective vortex decreases and at some value, the electroconvective vortex disappears. The study was conducted in the 1000 s when the angular velocity of 30 turns in a minute and change of the potential difference of 0.2V to 1.4V with a step 0.1. As a result, in this study it is shown that the thickness of the diffusion layer is practically linearly dependent on the fall of potential. The linear dependence of the thickness of diffusion layer from the fall of potential, in the first approximation, is disturbed by a slight deflection curve, the causes of which are needed to be found by means of extra experiments
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SIMULATION OF PARTICLE DYNAMICS IN THE STERN-GERLACH APPARATUS
01.00.00 Physical-mathematical sciences
Description
The model of the motion of particles in the SternGerlach apparatus in the classical and quantum mechanics was developed. The data simulation of particle trajectories and distribution of silver atoms on the surface of the plate in their deposition are discussed. It was found that for the experimentally observed distribution of two-dimensional shapes of the atoms must be assumed that the atoms are not involved in the precession motion in a magnetic field, while maintaining the direction of the magnetic moment, for example, parallel to the induction vector of the magnetic field during the time of motion in the apparatus. To obtain a realistic picture of the figure of the scattering of atoms used a classical model of movement and expression of forces compatible with the quantum picture of the motion of particles with spin ½. The magnetic field is simulated based on the original Stern-Gerlach data describing the distribution of the gradient of the induction components related to the splitting of the beam. Quantum model of particle motion is based on the Pauli equation in the boundary layer approximation. It is found that in this model, depending on the initial polarization of the particle, beam is split into either two or is deflected towards the magnet blade or in the opposite direction. It is shown that if the initial conditions for the task are reproducing the geometric dimensions and the magnetic field in the Stern-Gerlach apparatus, the figure of the scattering particles in the shape of the outline is similar to the experimentally observed shape
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ELECTRON STRUCTURE AND THE YANGMILLS THEORY
01.00.00 Physical-mathematical sciences
Description
We have studied the question of the electromagnetic structure of a relativistic electron in connection with the Yang-Mills theory. From the Lorentz electrodynamics equations of and Dirac electron theory derived an equation describing nonlinear waves of the scalar potential. It is shown that this equation is similar to the equation describing the dynamics of the condensate in the Yang-Mills theory. There is also the connection to the Schrödinger equation: the scalar potential is a complex function, similar to the wave function in the Schrödinger theory. The model discussed electron is a solitary wave that occurs in the electromagnetic field. This wave has the properties of charged particles, able to interact with the external electric and magnetic field. An analytical solution describing solitary electromagnetic waves traveling at a speed less than the speed of light has been obtained. The existence of solitary electromagnetic waves consistent with the Hertz's hypothesis that suggested that cathode rays are a form of wave motion in an electromagnetic field. The proposed model of the electromagnetic structure of the electron thus solves the problem of duality wave-particle, which historically arose in the interpretation of experiments with cathode rays. Numerical modeling of electromagnetic electron structure shows that the initial state such as a spherical shell is unstable and disintegrates into a pair of nonlinear waves that leave the system with the speed of light. In the decay of the initial state concentrated in the neighborhood of the origin, waves of complex part of potential disappear with time, but a real part of the potential it tends to equilibrium
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01.00.00 Physical-mathematical sciences
Description
In the study we consider the problem of determining the motion and similarity parameter to the system of worlds in a Riemannian space 112D with a common field of gravity. Centrally symmetric metric, depending on the 110 angle coordinates and the radial coordinate and time was investigated. It is assumed that there are intelligent beings in every world, striving for self-knowledge. By virtue of the presence of the world hierarchy in one of them there is a system of complete identification of each characteristic of the individual being with macroparameters his world. If sentient beings in all the world to create a device to simulate their own history in the form of a network of computers using the available material and the physical laws of his world, and the loss of information when displaying one world to another is 1%, then 37- th world played only 68.9449%. For Earthlings, it was found that the average similarity parameter of professional group in recognition by using astronomical parameters is 68.75%. Therefore, we can assume that the world system, including Earth, contains 37 "floors." Assuming that each "floor" takes three space dimensions, and all the "floors" connected by a single time, we find here that the number of dimensions of space-time of the whole system is 112. In the article the angular motion in a Riemannian space is considered. The effect of the separate worlds on other worlds is simulated. It has been shown that the physical laws in all worlds represent a single movement covering the markers in the form of the motion of atoms and elementary particles in a gravitational field in the 112D
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Description
Due to the wide spread of winter barley varieties with different Phytopathologic characteristics, a serious threat to the crop is dwarf rust caused by a pathogenic fungi of the Puccinia. The article presents the results of phytosanitary studies conducted in different agroclimatic zones of the North Caucasus region for the period from 2013 to 2015. Electronic maps of levels of development and distribution of dwarf rust are based on phytosanitary inspection. On the experimental field called «Kuban» as well as rust nursery of VNIIBZR we have performed an immunological evaluation of the sustainability of winter barley accessions to the pathogen of the dwarf rust on natural and artificial infectious backgrounds in the period from 2013 to 2015. The article reflects the objective characteristics of varieties and lines of winter barley with a relative stability to the North Caucasian population Puccinia hordei. The most promising varieties and lines of winter barley of the KubGAU breeding were selected during operation. These varieties and lines are highly resistant to rust and dwarf, they also have other valuable features. The article presents information on the best yield varieties and lines of winter barley as well as on gross yield and sowing area
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Description
Two granular formulations of phosphorus biofertilizers combining rock phosphate and two highly active phosphate solubilizing strains: Acinetobacter species 305 and Pseudomonas species 181а have been investigated. Granules of about 3 mm in size were obtained by contact-convective drying of a mixture of ground ore, concentrated biomass of two different strains, starch and glucose. Micro granules with size of 0.1- 0.5 mm were obtained by spray drying the biomass of two different strains and application of dried cells on the particles of the ground ore. Starch was used as a binder. In the model liquid medium it was shown that the microorganisms have retained the ability to solubilize mineral phosphates in granular formulations prepared. In laboratory pot trial on marigold (Tagetes patula) it was demonstrated that both formulations of biofertilizer increased the dry weight of the plants to the same level as that of chemical fertilizer - double superphosphate, but were inferior in the concentration of phosphorus in plants. Both formulations exceeded the effectiveness of rock phosphate and biomass used as biofertilizers both separately and jointly. No significant differences were noted between the two strains and the two granular formulations both for plant dry weight, and the content of phosphorus therein. Both granular formulations of biofertilizer retained their structure and avoided aggregating over a year of storage at 4 oC. The average persistence of living cells in the microbeads was about 1.5%, in granules - 32 %
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Description
The article presents materials about selection and optimization of the nutrient medium for cultivation of Propionibacterium shermanii. We have shown a high positive effect expressed in the intensive growth of microorganisms of Propionibacterium shermanii on optimized medium with the juice from the tomatoes, as well as replacement of glucose on corn extract, which allows concluding that these components have a positive impact on the accumulation of biomass of Propionibacterium shermanii
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THE USING LOCAL NATURAL ORIGIN FORAGE RESOURCES IN COMPOUNDS OF BROILER CHICKENS
Description
Using of compound feeds in broiler feed additives of plant resources, activates body's biological functions. This increases productivity and gives an ability to make environmentally friendly products. These local plants feed additives contributing to enrich animal feed with active ingredients include flour from nettle and Caspian marine algae. This article is devoted to studying the composition of nettle from the different locations of growth in Dagestan Republic and also, to determine the effectiveness of the use of nettle flour individually and to how implement it with the seaweeds flour in feeds of broiler chickens instead of herbal flour. The studies showed that nettle from a foothill zone in the flowering period exceeds slightly the nettle from mountain zone on the content of dry matter-1.19 % of protein-0.09 % and exchange energy 0.77 kcal/100g. Nettle meal from mountainous zone also inferiors the foothills in the energy value to 6.81 kcal/100 g. The inclusion of 2% feed meal nettle, 3% seaweed either alone or in combination of 2% instead of+3% of alfalfa grass meal resulted increasing broilers’ body weight 4,60-8,95% betterment survival to2,8-5,70%, increasing muscle output at 0,56-2,54% compared with the control group. The protein content and the amount of essential amino acids in the thoracic muscle in the test group was to 0.97-2.74%andto1,68- 2,11%, respectively, higher than the control. There was a significant increasing iodine in thoracic muscles of experimental groups 119,6-166,07% relative to control. Based on the results of the research, it is recommended to include 2% of feed meal nettle and 3% from algae instead of 4% grass meal of alfalfa to improve the productivity and biological value of broiler meat and 1 % of cereals
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Description
The article presents monitoring of the course and the beginning of new invasions due to the intensification of these processes in the basin of the Azov Sea of; investigation of the influence of the alien species upon the acceptor ecosystem. Methods. The material was collected at the monitoring transect in the Don River delta and in the surveys of the r/v “Professor Panov” in the Taganrog Bay, Sea of Azov. Standard hydrobiological methods of the data collection were used. Results. Penetration of three polychaete species was recorded; course of invasion of two of them was traced. Impact upon the acceptor ecosystem was researched. Preliminary species identifications using morphological characters were carried out; sources and the ways of the invasions are suggested. Conclusions. Estuary zone of the Sea of Azov (the Taganrog Bay) has a high invasion capacity. Of the three species penetrated into the Sea of Azov basin in 2013-2015, one (Aracia sp.) naturalized successfully, though didn’t affect much the ecosystem. On the contrary, polychaetes of the genus Marenzelleria are increasing rapidly their area; in two years, they became dominant along the considerable part of the water body. The invasion of Streblospio sp. is at its very beginning at the time
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