№ 117(3), March, 2016
Public date: 31.03.2016
Archive of journal: Articles count 89, 225 kb
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PERSONNEL TRAINING - AN IMPORTANT LINK OF IMPORT SUBSTITUTION
DescriptionImport substitution - a process at the level of the national economy, which is provided at the release of the necessary domestic consumer goods manufacturers forces, leading activities in the country. At present, Russian farmers have an incentive to carry out a largescale import substitution because of the food embargo on the West European suppliers of agricultural products. An important problem that accompanies the processes of import substitution in Russia is the lack of qualified personnel in a number of industries, as a prerequisite for the growth of agricultural production in Russia is full staffing agriculture. The article has identified the causes of insufficient practical training of graduates of agricultural universities. The role of Kuban State Agrarian University in the personnel matters of the village. Grounded following directions of improvement of training: the formation of the federal and regional forecasts provide human resources for the future of the village; the creation of organizations and municipalities comfortable social environment for young professionals; promotion of public – private partnership for the training of personnel for rural areas; improving infrastructure to support the system of financing higher education institutions; protection of the region's interest in defending the rights of agrarian university on training for other sectors of the economy in rural areas, except for agricultural commodity production; empowerment of the target form of training specialists; allocation of resources (possibly in the form of grants) to prepare doctors to foreign training, access to foreign sources of scientific information, cooperation of universities to gain access to the Web of Science and Scopus' resources
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THE ECONOMIC EFFICIENCY OF INTRODUCTION OF NEW RICE GROWING AGRICULTURAL PRACTICES
DescriptionThe article describes historical and economic aspects of the rice industry evolution in the Krasnodar region. The basic means of increasing the economic efficiency of rice production are demonstrated: reduction of production costs and growth of profitability. The role of new agricultural practices aiming at optimization of rice mineral nutrition is highlighted. The data are provided on the economic impact of liquid nitrogen fertilizers and application of new micronutrients in rice crops. It is shown that the use of liquid nitrogen top-dressing in rice crops leads to reduction of costs by 1000 rubles/ha compared to traditional practices. The effectiveness of micronutrients application on rice has been confirmed experimentally by the use of water-soluble fertilizer Poligro Bits. According to the received data the yield increase in the rice varieties Khazar, Rapan and Diamond was 0,53-1,33 t/ha with improved grain quality. Calculations show the economic feasibility of the introduction of this practice. Based on the research results the recommendations have been issued on the improvement of rice production and its economic efficiency. Among them is the use of modern agricultural practices, introduction of new rice varieties, innovative optimization methods of rice mineral nutrition, upgrading of rice farmers’ skills, introduction of marketing structures for rice farms
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RETROSPECTIVE VIEW OF DEPRECIATION AS AN ECONOMIC CATEGORY
DescriptionDepreciation is the many-sided complex concept affecting many aspects of activity of business structures. The correct calculation of depreciation is necessary for obtaining full and objective information on reproduction process in the organization. With more detailed consideration of a question of charge of depreciation in developed with - temporary conditions, it is necessary to consider development of depreciation in the context of development of national schools of accounting. In this article, historical aspects of development of depreciation are investigated. The retrospective of concept and methods of charge of depreciation is represented, beginning from the XIV century worldwide. Various points of view on methods of charge of depreciation of such scientists, as V. Armuzzi, Zh.G. Kursel-Senel, Ya.V. Sokolov, Zh.B. Dyumarshe, D. S. Lewis, O. Shmalenbakh, A.P. Rudanovsky, A.K. Roshchakhovsky, etc. are considered. It is specified that the concept of depreciation was known to accountants of early Christian Rome. Gradually there was a change of approach to interpretation of the concept "depreciation". Within the French school allocated concept of broad and narrow depreciation, two options of a covering of depreciation expenses were offered, research of influence of fiscal policy on depreciation was conducted. The German school connected charge of depreciation with depreciation of property and need of formation of a sinking fund. Within maneuvers of Anglo-American school considered that depreciation has to be charged at the expense of profit in the sum only approximately equal to wear. Within domestic scientific thought, two main schools adhering to various opinions were allocated. For elaboration of uniform approach during the Soviet period in accounting there were accounts "Sinking fund", "Depreciation of fixed assets" that allowed to track a special-purpose character of use of a sinking fund. That is not true for operating book of accounts
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ECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF THE PRODUCTION OF MEAT CATTLE IN RUSSIA AND THE KRASNODAR TERRITORY
DescriptionThe article presents the results of the analysis of the national beef cattle breeding, including the dynamics of the stock and amounts of beef production in Russia and the Krasnodar region. The study has noted the high degree of dependence of the domestic market from imports of this product. It showed a positive international experience of beef production based on feeding animal meat breeds. This article gives an analysis of the sub-sector in the country and across its regions, shows the availability of domestic producers of beef natural pastures in comparison with countries with developed beef cattle. We have also noted positive experience of feeding cattle meat breeds in separate regions of the country
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DIAGNOSTIC OF CORPORATE CULTURE IN THE FOOD ENTERPRISES IN THE SARATOV REGION
DescriptionProblems of corporate culture diagnostics in the food enterprises located in the Saratov region have been studied in the article, as well as theoretical and regulatory framework. They are identified overarching aims of corporate culture management. The purpose of the article is a statement of the results of corporate culture monitoring in 18 large and medium-sized enterprises. In the process, a number of specific methods were used: monographic, expertise, diagnostic level model "Bulb", survey. The working hypothesis was in that the management companies often regard a corporate culture from a formal position, overseeing the administrative procedures. At the same time deep "layers of a bulb" remain unaffected. It leads to organizational and psychological difficulties, disruption of business communications, lower productivity, high employee turnover and to escalation of costs for training newly recruited employees. It has been revealed experimentally that the employees have trouble picturing corporate culture, seeing for its manifestation only regulations, standards and symbols. The authors have developed and have proposed criterion of estimation the management methods and point scale to estimate social impact of corporate culture diagnostics activities. The necessity of rethinking the nature of this phenomenon by headquarters in order to improve the efficiency and sustainability of the large and mediumsized enterprises is grounded
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Description
The article examines features of the functioning of the agro-industrial complex of Russia and the Krasnodar region in the economic crisis. It substantiates the urgency of adaptation of state regulation of agro-industrial complex mechanisms to modern economic realities, we have disclosed functions and principles for the development of regional policy strategy in the agricultural sector. It is proved, that the system of state regulation of regional agro-industrial complex should correlate with the priorities of the development of its main component - agriculture and to promote structural reforms in the agricultural sector, enhance its innovation and investment potential and maintain the social orientation of the agrarian reforms. Improving the mechanisms of state support of the agro-industrial complex of Russia and the Krasnodar region requires a special approach in relation to the country's membership in the World Trade Organization. Due to this, we have proposed the adjustment of state support instruments of domestic agro-industrial complex, which involves the use of priority measures of the "green box", including an increase in funding for research in agriculture, development of an effective institutional environment, which will stimulate the efficiency and competitiveness of the agricultural sector
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RESERVES OF GROWTH OF THE VOLUMES OF PRODUCTION OF LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION IN THE KRASNODAR REGION
DescriptionThe article analyzes the state and the development of livestock production in the Krasnodar region, evaluates the effectiveness of land use in the various categories of farms in value and real terms, examines the reserves of growth of production of animal husbandry products
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Description
The authors reveal contemporary issues of dairy cattle breeding. These problems are cross-sectoral in nature and are caused by economic realities, related to the crisis, high production and financial risks, lack of financial resources and insufficient state support system. The article reveals the specifics of the dairy industry, including the uniqueness of the products, the rhythm of production and high dependence of the industry on the scale of production. The authors analyze the dynamics and structure of milk production in federal districts of the Russian Federation; assess the changes in the indices of dairy cattle breeding production on farms of all categories of the Russian Federation and calculate milk production efficiency in the agricultural enterprises of Krasnodar territory. The authors have found that the major milk producers in the Krasnodar region are agricultural organizations, but their share in the gross production of milk was constantly decreasing over the period of 1990-2014. The article proves the feasibility of improving the mechanisms of state support for the dairy industry, including assistance in the creation and development of consumer cooperatives that promote the growth of efficiency and competitiveness of dairy farming
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THE PERSPECTIVES OF LOMBARD BUSINESS FORMATION AND DEVELOPMENT
DescriptionThis article discusses trends in the development of the Lombard business as one of the dominant components of the service sphere. A brief history of pawnshops and their formation is described. The causes of high demand for Lombard services are commented on. Regarding the situation of pawnshops in the market the views of the large pawnshops chains owners: “Vash Lombard” (“Your pawnshop”), “Obyedinenniy Lombard” (“United Lombard”), Stolichniy” (“Capital”). The benefits of pawn business compared with the banking service are given. The current problems of sustainable development of Lombard businesses are shown. We present difficulties in the process of drawing up and submission of reports, as well as quick adaptation to changes in legislation as one of them. Lombard structure allowing determination of this business running specificity is considered as one of the main aspects of the subject study. One of the subsequently formed properties – pawn shops high quality security systems, which in many respects determines their stability in the market is also noted. The development trends of this business, which will strengthen their position, are mentioned. In conclusion, a brief justification of the reasons for the precarious state of business in the country is given as a whole; however, presupposition is made of the eternal relevance (inelasticity of demand) of Lombard services
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ECONOMIC FORECASTING AS UNIVERSAL ECONOMY AND BUSINESS DEVELOPMENT FORESEEING
DescriptionThe article deals with the types and methods of forecasting as tools for further development of production and business. Specific roles of each way in economy and manufacturing is identified in General. The relationship of forecasting with other sciences of importance in determining the baseline and trends in the development of the economy is indicated. The relationship between foresight of successful transactions in the form of contracts is determined, and the reasons for unfavorable outcomes of their conclusion are justified. A correlation between prediction and such sciences as probability theory, mathematical statistics, mathematics and physics is traced. Examples of forecasting use in specific branches of economy are given. The article substantiates forecasting trends differences and conclusions are drawn as to their application ways. The role of making predictions on the basis of the revealed patterns and its difference from foresight without reliance on any certain laws that allow identification of the situations-paradoxes group are defined. The authors presents various situations in the business development process, in which there can be transaction costs. In this context, the spontaneity of their occurrence is defined, and the characteristic of their appearance is justified. Another no less important aspect, influencing the increase of company share in the market is the relationship of risk insurance, game theory and forecasting. A key aspect here is the ability to compare the prospects of the company development in the market with laws that govern probability theory