№ 118(4), April, 2016
Public date: 29.04.2016
Archive of journal: Articles count 111, 300 kb
-
HOW TO SOLVE THE TASK OF CLASSIFICATION OF TYPES OF RIFLE AMMUNITION USING THE METHOD OF ASCANALYSIS
Description
In criminology, there are actual problems of determining the type (machine gun, rifle, large caliber, pistol) and a particular model of small rifle for its ammunition, in particular, discovered in the use of weapons. The article proposes a solution to this problem with the use of a new innovative method of artificial intelligence: automated system-cognitive analysis (ASCanalysis) and its programmatic toolkit – a universal cognitive analytical system called "Eidos". In the system of "Eidos", we have implemented a software interface that provides input to the system images, and the identification of their external contours on the basis of luminance and color contrast. Typing by multiparameter contour images of specific ammunition, we create and verify the system-cognitive model, with the use of which (if the model is sufficiently reliable), we can solve problems of system identification, classification, study of the simulated object by studying its model and others. For these tasks we perform the following steps: 1) enter the images of ammunitions into the system of "Eidos" and create mathematical models of their contours; 2) synthesis and verification of models of the generalized images of ammunition for types of weapons based on the contour images of specific munitions (multivariate typology); 3) quantification of the similarities-differences of the specific ammunition with generalized images of ammunition of various types and models of small rifle (system identification); 4) quantification of the similarities-differences of the types of munitions, i.e. cluster-constructive analysis
-
ON THE NUMERATIONS OF THE FINITE PARTIALLY ORDERED SETS
01.00.00 Physical-mathematical sciences
Description
There is a widely known problem regarding the ordering of the partially ordered sets (Linear Ordering Problem). It boils down to finding the numerations of such sets. The main result of this article is a generalization of one of the known S. S. Kislitsyn's results about finding the number of numerations of finite partially ordered sets
-
01.00.00 Physical-mathematical sciences
Description
We should have trained staff to implement innovative strategies. Therefore, it is natural, that a lot of attention is paid to the staffing of the management processes of innovative activity at the enterprises of the rocket and space industry (RCP). Training and human resources management in accordance with current legislation should be based on professional standards. The content of professional standards should reflect the results of forecasting scientific and technical progress in the field, for example, in the RCP. It is necessary to forecast trends in the use of information and communication technologies in solving management problems in the socio-economic sphere in order to reflect these developments in professional standards. The approach to solving this problem is the subject of this article. What should the professional standard be like in the RCP? The main problem lies in the fact that although the standard is to be enacted in the near future, its actual impact on the industry will start in 5 - 10 years and will continue for at least another 10 years, ie, until the 2030s. Professional standards should come from "Education through Science" concept, ie, knowledge, skills, competences, provided by a professional standard, should be based on modern scientific achievements. For example, mathematical methods of research should be based on a new paradigm in the area of knowledge and statistical data analysis methods must meet high statistical techniques. For the development of professional standards in the field of the RCP it is necessary to predict the characteristics of the qualification (level of knowledge, skills and experience) required the employee to carry out professional activities in the RCP in 2020 - 2030. Modern information and communication technologies are creating a fundamentally new situation in the organization of the economy. We have an ability to manage the work of organizational units, scattered throughout the world, from a single center. The requirement of presence in the workplace is mainly a relic of the past. We have a lot of advantages in a remote work
-
ON THE NUMERATIONS OF THE FINITE PARTIALLY ORDERED SETS
01.00.00 Physical-mathematical sciences
Description
In this article, we discuss various issues related to the formulas approximating the distribution function of prime numbers pi(x). This question has occupied many scholars, but the exact function is well approximated function pi(x) over the number of positive integers not. Based on certain hypotheses, we present a new function s(x) is very well approximated pi(x). The above article hypotheses are so important that their numerical validation and refinement for the lengths of the segments more in 1014 - one of the main areas related to the problem of approximation of the function pi(x) throughout the series of natural numbers. After analyzing the behaviors and constructs many functions, we are building the basis of the function s(x), which is well approximates the function pi(x) throughout the series of natural numbers. We also present a table of values for x, less or equal 1022 for the difference of s(x) - pi(x)
-
THEORY OF PHYSICAL CONSTANTS AND SUPERGRAVITY IN 112D
01.00.00 Physical-mathematical sciences
Description
In this article we discuss a version of the metric theory of the fundamental interactions in which it is assumed that the physical constants due to the presence of extra dimensions of space-time. The estimation of the number of physical constants based on the theory of supergravity in 112D is that the minimum number of constants is equal to 222, and the maximum number - 1404928. At present, the number of parameters that characterize the elementary particles, isotopes and chemical elements is about 150920. This number is 9.3 less than the maximum possible number of parameters that indicate still great potential of modern science. Functions describing the area and volume of a unit hypersphere, embedded in a Riemannian space of arbitrary dimension, were used to find the fundamental physical constants. A satisfactory agreement with a relative error of 0.03% calculated and experimental values of the fine structure constant found out. For the ratio of the average mass of a nucleon to the electron mass is obtained coincidence with the experimental value with an accuracy of 0.002%. The proposed theory of physical constants different from that Bartini theory that established the optimal dimension of the space is a hypersphere 5 and 7, rather than 6 as in Bartini theory. The problems of the compactification of extra dimensions in describing the motion in fourdimensional space-time are discussed
-
A NUMERICAL ALGORITHM IN THE PROBLEM OF SELF-ORGANIZATION OF LABOR RESOURCES
01.00.00 Physical-mathematical sciences
Description
In this article, there is a numerical method of solving the problem of self-organization of the labor resources. The problem deals with finding probabilities of hiring and the layoffs of specialists from the sectors of the labor market. A mathematical model of labor resources dynamics is used to solve this problem. The initial problem is incorrect, because number of equations of the descriptive system is less than number of unknown variables. A special algorithm is designed for guaranteed finding the normal solution in finite number of iterations. The algorithm is separated into two key stages. Initially, unconditional normal solution of the problem is found by applying the modified method of Gauss for underdetermined systems. Later, this solution is projected in the subspace of permissible values. After that, the normal solution of the problem with consideration of non-negativity of the desired values is being found by using the gradient projection method. The proposed algorithm has been successfully used to develop application in programming environment C++. This application is focused on solving of the problem of selforganization of the labor resources. Comparative analysis of speed of the application and add-ins MS Excel "Solver" showed that the same problem is solved much faster in the application designed by the author than in a table processor MS Excel when using the add-in "Solver". This demonstrates the high efficiency of the proposed method
-
01.00.00 Physical-mathematical sciences
Description
The article deals with the solution of the NavierStokes equations describing turbulent flows over rough surfaces. It is known, that there is a mechanism of turbulent mixing in natural systems, leading to an increase in the viscosity of the continuous medium. In this regard, we suggest methods of regularization of the Navier-Stokes equations, similar to the natural mechanisms of mixing. It is shown, that in threedimensional flows over a rough surface turbulent viscosity increases proportionally to the square of the distance from the wall. The models of the flow, taking into account the properties of the turbulent environment are considered. A modification of the continuity equation taking into account the limiting magnitude of pressure fluctuations is proposed. It is shown, that due to the pressure pulsation, the incompressibility condition may be violated even for flows with low Mach numbers. Modification of the continuity equation taking into account turbulent fluctuations leads to a system of nonlinear equations of parabolic type. Modification of continuity equation in the system of Navier-Stokes by the introduction of turbulent viscosity allows the regularization of the Navier-Stokes equations to solve the problems with rapidly changing dynamic parameters. The main result of which is obtained by numerical simulation of the modified system of equations is the stability of the numerical algorithm at a large Reynolds number, which can be explained, first, a system of parabolic type, and a large quantity of turbulent viscosity. A numerical model of flow around plates with the rapid change in angle of attack has been verified. We have discovered the type of instability of the turbulent boundary layer associated with the rapid changes in dynamic parameters. It is shown, that the fluctuations of the boundary layer to cause generation of sound at a frequency of 100 Hz to 1 kHz
-
01.00.00 Physical-mathematical sciences
Description
Classical combinatorial formula to calculate the number of combinations from n on m: C(n,m)=n!/(m!(nm)!) involves the intermediate calculation of factorials, which is often impossible when n>170, due to limitations in the capacity of numbers that are used in programming languages and created through these systems. However, in some cases it is necessary to calculate the number of combinations for n and m much larger than this limit, such as when a value greater than 10000. In such cases, there is a definite problem, which manifests itself, for example in the fact that many on-line services meant to calculate the number of combinations with these parameters do not work properly. In this article, we present its solution in the form of an algorithm and software implementation. The essence of the approach is to first decompose the factorials into prime factors and reduce them, and then to produce multiplication. This approach differs from those cited in the Internet
-
Description
Macrodeficiency of polymeric materials, including the pervasive one, is a consequence of the development of initial microdefects which appear in polymers both due to external factors and during their processing. In the article, the problem of the detection of structural microdeficiency of various polymeric materials through an assessment of their structural parameters is solved. The considered materials possess approximately identical degree of crystallinity (60 – 66%), but different density. The express assessment technique of polymeric materials microdeficiency by the sorption method with the use of the academician M. M. Dubinin’s theory of volumetric micropore filling is developed and evaluated. On the basis of a quantitative assessment of sorption processes in polymeric materials, including elastomeric compositions – rubbers and rubberized fabrics, the existence of the initial local microdefects arising in the course of synthesis is established. In real polymeric materials, including elastomeric compositions – rubbers and rubberized fabrics, the existence of the initial local microdefects arising in the course of synthesis is established (the number of microdefects n varies from 1x1017 sm-3 to 6x1019 sm-3 , and the rated linear size k – from 2 nm to 7 nm). The general reduction of microdeficiency in rubberized fabrics in comparison with initial rubber is revealed and rationalized
-
STUDY OF THE INTERACTION OF POLYSTYRENE-AZO-O-PHENOL-AZO-RHODANINE WITH ZINC IONS AND CADMIUM
Description
Since the industrial revolution a huge amount of pollutants emitted annually into the water most of which is occupied by toxic metals. These metals widely distributed in the environment and of accumulation of a threat to human health. It is known, that cadmium and zinc at high concentrations have a negative impact on nature. In modern wastewater treatment technology we widely use polymeric sorbents with chelating properties. The use of polymeric chelating sorbents (PCS) usage allows separating individual or group trace elements from large volumes of solutions of complex composition, lowering the limit of detection, eliminating or reducing significantly the impact of macrocomponents which increases the cleaning efficiency. The article presents the results of a study of conditions of interaction of zinc (II) ions and cadmium (II) with PCT - polystyrene-azo-o-phenol-azo-rhodanine. We found the optimal values of the conditions for zinc (II) ions and cadmium (II) sorption. We investigated the effect of interfering of the macro- and micro- water components with the sorption of the ions studied. Maximum desorption of metal ions is achieved by washing the concentrate with 10 ml of 2M hydrochloric acid. The data indicate availability of the investigated sorbent for concentration and separation of zinc (II) ions and cadmium (II)
pdf 4.659.186kb
doc 4.659.186kb