№ 122(8), October, 2016
Public date: 31.10.2016
Archive of journal: Articles count 85, 207 kb
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06.00.00 Agricultural sciences
THE GROWTH AND PRODUCTION ABILITY OF SHOOTS AT DIFFERENT VARIANTS OF CUTTING FRUITBEARING VINES
06.00.00 Agricultural sciences
Description
The article presents the results of studying the impact of different options for cutting fruit vines on the growth and productivity of shoots of the grapes. The obtained experimental data indicate the excessive overload of vines with eyes and shoots when performing contour trimming bushes without normalizing the choice of shoots, in comparison with other variants of experience. A significant increase of eyes on the vines when performing contour cutting was because during this method of cutting, the cutoff is at a certain level all the shoots are horizontal on the arm vines. A big load of vines shoots when performing contour cutting has reduced the length of shoots at 48 – 51%, and leaf area developed on the shoots of 53 – 54%. While the lowest productivity was different shoots developed on the vines in 3 variant, because here the contour cutting vines was not accompanied by a subsequent breaking of superfluous shoots, which have overloaded the bushes shoots. At the same time, contour cutting vines with subsequent breaking of the normalizing excess shoots were allowed to grow for fruiting the bushes a sufficient amount of normally developed shoots with high productivity and good quality bunches
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MILK PRODUCING ABILITY OF HOLSTEIN COWS OF VARIOUS ECO-GENETIC TYPES
06.00.00 Agricultural sciences
Description
The article presents the comparative assessment of economic traits of Holstein cows of various ecogenetic types in the Volgograd region, the Russian Federation. The study of adaptive ability of Holstein cattle imported from the United States (245 heads), Denmark (245 heads), Germany (386 heads), and Australia (250 heads) has been carried out based on breeding plant OOO "Donskoye" in Russia since 2006. The milk producing ability of the animals was studied during the period of first three lactations. The cows imported from the United States showed the maximum productivity. The cows from the USA and Germany were registered to have the highest fat content in milk. The mathematical modeling for predicting production processes revealed that with respect to the milk yield, the Holsteins of Danish selection were superior to the cows of American, German, and Australian selections by the fifth lactation. The high correlation between the milk yield and the body weight, as well as between the body weight and the fat content of milk from Holstein cows of various selections has been established. The cows of Danish, German, and Australian selections showed a positive correlation between economic traits and genetic parameters for the period of three lactations. The cows from Australia have been proved to have higher indices of protein composition of milk (the total nitrogen content, the amount of essential amino acids). The level of the adaptive ability of the animals of the same breed but different eco-genetic types has been found to be stable
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IMPROVEMENT OF WAYS OF FRUIT TREES WATER SUPPLY
06.00.00 Agricultural sciences
Description
Nowadays, fruit trees are subjected to influence of abiotic stress-factors. The reaction of fruit plants on the influence of media plays an important role. Experiments were conducted in two (Northern and Central) fruit zones of the Krasnodar region since 2013 to 2015, there was shown the possibility of application of hydroabsorbents as a stable source of water supply of fruit trees in specific natural conditions of the South of Russia in the conditions of field experiment. There were shown the peculiarities of technological ways of water supply of fruit trees in specific natural conditions of the south of Russia. There was determined that the necessity in watering of a garden’s plots with the use of hydroabsorbents Ecogel-1 and Ecogel-2 with the supporting of soil’s moisture in 80% in Northern zone in the end of May, in central fruit zone in the middle of May. There was proven that the application of hydroabsorbents Ecogel-1 and Ecogel-2 guarantees the stable water supply in limits of 75-80% from NV since planting in apple-trees of varieties of Renet Simirenko and Golden Delicious grafted on the stock M9 and planted on the scheme 4,0 х 1,0 м during three years. The work of the system of “soil-roots-leaves” independently on weather and soil conditions is provided
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THE INDICES OF REPRODUCTION IN THE HERD OF MILK CATTLE IN “KUBAN” AGRICULTURAL HOLDING
06.00.00 Agricultural sciences
Description
The article contains complex research results dedicated of reproduction the cattle of the animal breeding industry in the agricultural holding called “Kuban”. Key indicators characterizing reproductive function at cows were set; they were estimated in terms of the plans of the economy in the milk cattle breeding industry. The reduced values of the birth-rate of calves were revealed on 100 cows and in the term of the production use of cows, their main reasons were set. The performed calculations prove the possibility of increasing the profitability of milk production
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INFLUENCE OF DURATION OF THE FIRST LACTATION PERIOD OF SOWS ON REPRODUCTIVE QUALITY
06.00.00 Agricultural sciences
Description
The article contains research results on the influence of duration of the first lactation period of sows on reproductive qualities. The authors have detected basic problems which reduce indices reproduction of purebred pigs of the breed of Yorkshire and hybrids of F1 (Yorkshire x Landras) under conditions of a new complex. It was found that because of the increase in duration of lactation period of the sows it is impossible to increase the safety of the piglets with a reduced live mass (from big nests and slow in growth) and improve the reproductive quality of sows. This method has been used in the economy what led to a notable improvement in the indices of pig breeding
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THE SHORTAGE OF WINTER WHEAT GRAIN CAUSED by P. triticina
06.00.00 Agricultural sciences
Description
The article studies the influence of the interaction of two technologies of plant protection: breeding- immunological and chemical. The studies were conducted on the varieties and lines of soft winter, durum wheat and triticale, established in Krasnodar research institute named after P. P. Lukyanenko, and also, on varieties of an alien and foreign selection. When considering the correlations in the group of genotypes, forming a necrotic type of reaction to the introduction of the pathogen (the first group of varieties), the significant negative correlation (r - 0,76) between the change in the mass of 1000 grains and the number of unproductive stems formed by one plan was established. The model of the severity of brown rust pathogen in sparse crops of wheat has been collaborated. According to the model, the development of the pathogen in the tissues of the leaves of the host plant leads initially to a change in the relations of the productive and unproductive stems. The change of these parameters significantly affects on the variability of indicators such as the mass of grains from one ear, number of grains per ear and 1000 grain weight. Negligible volatility of weight for 1000 grains suggests that the major losses of productivity in the flowering stage are due to abortive flowers. This model can explain the increase in the mass of 1000 grains in some varieties for tolerance change experiments with the defeat of plants of P. Triticina on micro-plots
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Description
One of the actual directions of studying the history in modern world is the history of day-to-day life. Studying the industrial day-to-day life of builders on shock Komsomol building let us analyze their problems and the ways to solve them. The author gives the economic and political pre-conditions of organizing the patronage under the building of industrial objects on the South Ural. The concept “shock Komsomol building” and the classification of buildings are given. The main objects of Komsomol patronage which were situated on the territory of Orenburg area at that time are enumerated. The problems of women working at the building are viewed on the materials of Orenburg area. On the basis of archives the per cent ratio of youth and women working on the building is given. The industrial facts influencing on their socialization are examined. The main attention is given to the characteristics of industry, providing the builders with sanitary and domestic conditions of the objects and uniforms. The important aspect was also maintenance of safety measures on the building. The hard work of women who did not have the building education is stressed. The main spheres of professional employment of women on the building are enumerated
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PARTICIPATION OF KALMYK TRADE UNIONS IN ENSURING WORKERS’ LABOR PROTECTION
Description
In the article, we can analyze the participation of Kalmik trade unions in ensuring workers’ labor protection and safety engineering in 1970-ies. The sources of the article base are the documents of National archive of the Kalmyk Republic. The analysis of the large documental material showed that in 1970ies the trade unions began to study deeper the question of making better the conditions of work, more often raised the questions of labor protection at the meetings of workers committees, drew the community to this work. Kalmik trade unions organizations paid serious attention to safety engineering and industry sanitation, achieved such condition that the workers were completely provided with overalls, means of individual protection, they demanded absolute mechanization of hard processes, fought for high culture of manufacture. In spite of trade-union organizations of the republic did definite work about putting in order in cause of fulfillment of labor laws, the situation did not change
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Description
To increase the validity of conclusions about the impact of environment on quality of life we need to move from generalities to the application of quantitative modeling techniques. This requires the joint processing environmental databases and databases depicting various aspects of quality of life. These databases need to be handled not just together, but in a comparable form approach, technology and methodology; and we need to implement them in one software system. For the first time in the environmental studies it has been planned to be done with the application of the ASK- analysis and the system called "Eidos". In this work, we set the goals and the objectives of the application of the ASK-analysis to study the effect of environmental factors on the quality of life of the population of the region. The article reveals the urgency of this study; the requirements for the method of conducting the study, the choice of research method, the contents of the objectives of the study. The proposed work is at the edge of mathematical ecology and mathematical modeling of quality of life (which refers to mathematical and instrumental methods of Economics), resulting from expected synergies, consists in obtaining of new knowledge in these fields, that is relevant to both ecology and economy. This knowledge will make it more meaningful and justified for the application of environmental criteria and concepts in the economy
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Description
To increase the validity of conclusions about the impact of the environment on the quality of life we need to move from generalities to the application of quantitative modeling techniques. This requires the joint processing environmental databases and databases depicting various aspects of quality of life. These databases are needed to be handled not just together, but in a comparable form approach, including technology and methodology, and to be implemented in one software system. For the first time in the environmental studies, it has been planned to be done with the application of the ASK-analysis and the system called "Eidos". Previously, the authors have set the goals and the objectives of the application of the ASK-analysis to study the effect of environmental factors on the quality of life of the population of the region. The article reveals the urgency of this study; the requirements for the method of conducting the study, the choice of a research method; as well as the contents of the objectives of the study. The proposed work is at the edge of mathematical ecology and mathematical modeling of quality of life (which refers to mathematical and instrumental methods of Economics), resulting from expected synergies, consists in obtaining of new knowledge in these fields that is relevant to both ecology and economy. This knowledge will make it more meaningful and justified for the application of environmental criteria and concepts in the economy. This work contains a description of the basic data sources for the study of the impact of environmental factors on various aspects of quality of life of the region's population, the source data for this study, the characteristics of the original data, substantiation of requirements to the method of research, choosing research methods appropriate to requirements; the development of steps to achieve the objectives of the study
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