№ 124(10), December, 2016
Public date: 30.12.2016
Archive of journal: Articles count 99, 268 kb
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Description
The article presents a staged scheme for granulation of solid fraction solids of fermented poultry manure (SF FPM) in an augered granulator. Granulation process of material has been reviewed in every stage of compression. The structural and mechanical properties of the pressable material were studied. It was revealed that SF FPM refers to pseudoplastic bodies, which when exposed to pressure exhibit anomalous properties. We present a rheological model of the motion of pressed materials in an augered granulator. We have modeled a mechanical model of actions at SF FPM. It was revealed that the compressible material at voltages generated in an augered granulator at the area of plasticizing was acting like an abnormal liquid. This liquid obeys the regularities of Newtonian liquids
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ANALYSIS OF AIR EMISSIONS FROM TECHNOLOGICAL FURNACE OF THE OIL REFINERY IN TUAPSE
DescriptionThe peculiarities of the Tuapse refinery installation of primary oil refining ELOU-AVT-12 commissioned in 2013 were shown. The device is intended for dehydration and desalting of oil. Analyzed: tube furnace N-1001/1,2 for heating oil and oven N- 2001/1,2,3,4, for heating the distilled fuel oil. Tube furnace ELOU is one of the main sources of air pollution. We have performed quantitative chemical analysis of gas emissions furnace ELOU AVT and determined percentage of components O2, N2, CO in the emissions. The content of carbon monoxide in emissions was less than 0.05%, which corresponds to the standards. The average nitrogen content is 80%, which also corresponds to standard indicators
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DEVELOPMENT AND CALCULATION OF STRUCTURES OF A HEAT EXCHANGER
DescriptionThere are the results of the research on creating a heat exchanger. It is based on the experience of creating equipment for swirling of liquid and gas flows and changing of their directions, their whirling, leading to destruction of the boundary layer on heat-transfer surfaces and intensification of heat-exchange processes. Screw rotors are suggested as working bodies of the heat exchanger. Each flow-cross section in them differs from the previous not only by its form but also by its location relative to each other. With that, the cross-section area changes, the medium motion stationary breaks, the intensity of heatexchange processes increases, technological capabilities enhance. Screw rotors are supplied with laps created on exterior surfaces of rotors during their assembling and allowing intensification of heatexchange processes. Dependencies for calculating of screw rotors basic characteristics are presented in the work. Screw rotors provided with helical grooves on the inner surface with a spiral lines on the outer surface of different pitch and number of visits. The work is done on the basis of research carried out at the Kuban state agrarian University on the use of helical rotors in industry, construction and agriculture [1-23]
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VIBRATING TOOL FOR SOIL TREATMENT
DescriptionOn the basis of the analysis of existing technical means for tillage in this article we propose a new technical means of vibration action including rectangular welded rack with hinge systems, adjusting the depth of tillage. Fixing of the working bodies and working bodies are made in the form of racks with chisels and arrow-shaped claws differ in that there is a shaped hole is made in the upper side of rack where a mounted solenoid is. It is mounted on a rack by means of casing and screws, and the solenoid is made in the form of a coil with a head and spring and communicated with the electrical system of the tractor via the relay-breaker and a regulator are located on the rack. This vibrating tool presumably will lessen the resistance of the soil affecting on the working bodies, will eliminate the sticking effect of elements of working bodies and thereby the quality of the soil tillage will be improved, it will allow to reduce energy consumptions of working process up to 30%, it reduces the emission of harmful substances from combustion of diesel fuel into the atmosphere. The invention relates to agricultural engineering and can be used for tillage on various agricultural backgrounds and with different densities
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TO THE QUESTION OF THE ESTIMATION OF THE SOLAR ENERGY
DescriptionIt is known that today one of the promising areas to effectively solve issues of energy saving, is the introduction of renewable energy sources. Despite the fact that the current solar PV stations have the main drawback associated with the high cost, the prospects of their application in autonomous systems of electrosupply are evident when they are used in combined (hybrid) systems. In such systems there may be other types of renewable and traditional sources of electricity. In addition, they produce heat. We have disclosed prospects of solar industry, and also, for solar energy assessment, we have examined analytical expressions allowing defining the energy derived from solar radiation for specific surfaces. Calculations start from obtaining statistical data gathered at meteorological stations which keeps records of the intensity of the total (direct plus diffuse) radiation on a horizontal surface, and the intensity of direct solar radiation. The article presents features of the calculation taking into account the climatic and territorial conditions on the example of the Krasnodar region. The given calculation procedure is the first stage for designing solar power plants. Further, the total capacity is determined by electricity consumers, as well as the quality requirements of electricity, including continuity of supply, embarking to the construction of the block diagram electricity supply. In this scheme, we must provide primary and backup power sources. It selects the main equipment of solar power plant (solar panels, inverters, storage batteries)
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Description
The article considers the main types of wind and solar electric installations, and provides a comparative analysis of the renewable energy potential of the Krasnodar region. Currently, people of the Earth cannot live without electricity. Production and consumption of electricity is constantly increasing, and the cost of it is constantly becoming more expensive. The cost of oil production (cost to get oil out of the ground) increases constantly. The cost of electricity is going up because the cost of basic materials, such as copper, is at an unprecedented high level. Such alternative energy sources, such as solar and wind, are real solutions to these problems, moreover, the cost of "traditional" energy sources will only increase. To date, the most popular and invest renewable energy sources are the solar and wind power. Solar energy in the Krasnodar region is more profitable than wind one, despite the fact that the production of solar installations is more expensive. But every year the price of solar energy is reduced and soon will be equal to the price of wind energy, and science and technology do not stand still, so when there is such an abundance of sunlight in the Krasnodar region, the solar installation will pay off much faster
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AUTONOMOUS HYBRID POWER PLANTS
DescriptionThe article discusses the features of design and operation in the different modes of functioning of autonomous hybrid power plants based on renewable and traditional energy sources. We have given a structural scheme of such a plant. It is shown that the algorithm of the system in the autumn-winter period should be adjusted according to the monthly monitoring; and standby generator of independent source can be run at a deeper discharge of batteries. It is known that the most expensive and the weakest link in the solar PV plants is rechargeable battery. In addition, the larger the number they have in the system, the more complicated the fulfillment of all conditions of proper operation is. We have proposed to extend the lifetime of batteries through the use of passive balancing, which allows to increase the reliability of operation and reduce the cost. It is shown that a real possibility of improving the technical and economic performance of autonomous hybrid power plants is their execution on the basis of solar photovoltaic power plants. We have also discussed the features of construction and operation of hybrid power plants, which will increase the efficiency of preliminary works on development of high-performance structural circuit design of the stations
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CLASSIFICATION AND BASIC METHODS OF CONSTRUCTING SOLAR POWER PLANTS
DescriptionThe high speed of solar energy development in the modern world allows us to assert that in the near future it will become one of the main sources of electricity. The authors describe a classification of solar power plants, which can be of two types – thermodynamic and photovoltaic, as well as the features of design and operation of these plants. There is a structural and schematic solution of autonomous solar power stations and ones operating in parallel with the external power grid. The features of their design and operation, including the main advantages and disadvantages were shown. It is shown that to improve the reliability, including uninterrupted power supply, a promising direction is the development of combined systems which in addition to the solar power plant may use wind power, gas or diesel power, etc. In addition, such stations may provide power from the external power supply. We have given one of the variants of structural designs of combined systems of energy and disclosed recommendations for the design of energy-efficient combined systems of power supply, made using renewable and conventional sources of electricity. The final version of the combined system of electricity supply and the degree of participation of traditional and renewable energy sources in electricity production is determined on the basis of the analysis of the energy balance and electromagnetic compatibility of the main functional elements of the system
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SOLAR POWER SYSTEMS WITH GUARANTEED POWER SUPPLY
DescriptionThe article discusses the structural schematics of solar energy systems, providing guaranteed power supply to electricity consumers with priority for consumers of the 1st category. The work describes main functions performed by modern energy systems. It is shown that nowadays solar power systems of uninterruptable power supply are classified into three types: independent; hybrid (combined); intellectual. We have given the structural scheme of solar systems power systems of uninterruptable power supply and the features of their work. The article describes a monitoring system, carrying out functions of control and measurement of parameters of the power system depends on its performance. The economic performance of a solar power system has been influenced essentially by the cost of solar and accumulator batteries. The principal technical characteristics of modern solar and regular batteries of the best companies were compared. We have also given recommendations for improving the operational characteristics of solar energy systems of guaranteed power supply, in which special attention is paid to technical characteristics of the main functional elements of the system, including electromagnetic compatibility
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06.00.00 Agricultural sciences
INTRODUCTION OF NEW PERSPECTIVE TABLE GRADES OF GRAPES TO IN VITRO CULTURE
06.00.00 Agricultural sciences
DescriptionIn this article we present information on features of microcloning in culture of in vitro of perspective for Eurasia, pink and white-berry table genetic grades of grapes by I. A. Kostrikin, V. N. Kraynov and V. V. Zagorulko. Researches were conducted at an input stage in culture of in vitro of meristems of 0,1-0,2 mm in size. At the majority of grades and forms, we noted good regeneration abilities in the conditions of sterile culture. It is bound to the fact that almost all the studied grades: Anyuta, Bogatyanovsky, the Princess Olga, Preobrazhenie, Anniversary of Novocherkassk, Favor are received from crossing of couple the Mascot × Sultana-ray grape. And only grades called Libya and Lowland which showed lower regeneration properties at stages of proliferation and rooting of shoots are received from crossing the couple of Flamingo × Arkadya and (Talisman x Tomaysky) respectively. At the same time, the grade of Talisman, being one of the parents of the majority of the studied grades, showed stable results at all stages of cultivation