№ 126(2), February, 2017
Public date: 28.02.2017
Archive of journal: Articles count 63, 153 kb
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ANALYSIS OF FUNCTIONING OF RAILROAD WAREHOUSE OF MINERAL FERTILIZERS
DescriptionThe railroad warehouse has most important role in the delivery process of fertilizers to agricultural consumers. It acts as logistics intermediaries. The analysis of material flows has been done on the example of a typical provider of mineral fertilizers in the South of the Rostov region (CJSC «Zernogradagrohimservis») for the last 6 years. Income values and implementation values are varied during the year synchronously for all fertilizers types with the exception of a few months at the beginning and the end of the year. During most of the year the enterprise operates as a negotiable warehouse. In January-February and October-December ammonium nitrate accumulates as a seasonal inventory for the spring peak of implementation, in the rest of the year its reserves are insurance. Stocks of other fertilizers types are insurance stocks for most of the year, in May-July occurs a slight accumulation of their seasonal stocks. A significant portion of mineral fertilizers (especially ammonium nitrate) is delivered for small enterprises and individual farms by cars of this provider. According to the supply contracts, a one-car-run is performed for the vast majority of customers. Routes of delivery of fertilizers are either radial or pendulum (with reverse idle mileage). Therefore, the optimization of the delivery of fertilizers does not seem possible by methods such as obtaining the shortest route network, consolidation of suppliers for consumers, etc.
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Description
Currently, it is important to have a solution for problems related to the prevention of potential accidents and the minimization of technological risks, particularly in the oil and gas industry, the number of accidents in which remains at a high level. Causes of incidents and accidents at hazardous production facilities are often non-compliance with required technological parameters, insufficient equipment of the technological systems with safety devices and automated control systems of processes. The article presents a comparative analysis of the methods that can be used in identification of hazards at different stages of the life cycle of the technological object: location, design, commissioning, operation, reconstruction. In order to develop security measures for the selected plant, we have used a method of analysis hazard and operability (HAZOP). The object of the study was projected technological installation for obtaining of bitumen with 24 thousand tons per year performance on raw material. For the working group of experts we have step-described the order of research dangers of specific nodes of the process plant, including determining the adequacy of the protective measures provided by the project and the development of recommendations on elimination of the revealed deviations and to reduce the effects of their manifestation. The most harmful deviations of process parameters during operation of the installation were found. We have proposed hazard criteria of operation, taking into account the probability and severity of deviations of technological parameters. We have also confirmed that the HAZOP method allows not only to identify the causes of hazards and consequences of their implementation but also to develop recommendations for their elimination
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ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF FOOD ADDITIVES DERIVED FROM SECONDARY PLANT RESOURCES
DescriptionThe accumulation of free radicals in the human body in excessive quantities is one of the reasons that are known to cause many dangerous diseases and aging. To reduce the negative impact of free radicals to the body is possible through regular consumption of food products enriched with nutritional and dietary supplements containing natural antioxidants such as phenolic compounds, vitamin C, vitamin E and β – carotene. Scientists of federal state budgetary scientific institution "Krasnodar research Institute of storage and processing of agricultural products" have developed a technology for production of food additives from secondary materials generated during the processing of apples and pumpkins. The article presents data characterizing the antioxidant and antiradical activity of food additives derived from secondary plant resources developed and known technology. It is established that the antioxidant activity determined by the amperometric method, and the antioxidant (antiradical) activity, determined by DPPH method, supplements, "Powder apple" and " Powder pumpkin" obtained by the developed technology, is almost 1.5 times higher in comparison with antioxidant and antiradical activity of food additives, obtained by known technologies, because of higher content of antioxidants in the developed supplements. It has been established that the expression of antioxidants and anti-radical activity of food supplements obtained from secondary resources on the developed technologies, can be positioned in a number of (descending): "Powder from the seeds of grapes" → "Apple powder" → " Pumpkin powder"
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Description
The article presents results of the study on the use of associations of probiotic bacteria in black-and-white breed calves. We have analyzed the effect of associations of probiotic bacteria on hematological (red blood cells and white blood cells, hemoglobin and hematocrit) and blood biochemical parameters at calves. It was found that the associations of strains of Bifidobacterium bifidum DSM 20456, ATCC 29521, and Enterococcus faecalis H22; Bifidobacterium bifidum DSM 20456, ATCC 29521 and Enterococcus faecium UDC 86 do not have significant changes in the basic blood parameters of the animals, while improving some of counts during their use
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THE INFLUENCE OF METHODS USED TO PREPARE FLAX SEEDS FOR PRESSING ON THE OUTPUT AND QUALITY OF OIL
DescriptionAnalytical survey has revealed that technologies of flaxseed oil processing used nowadays are able to produce technical flaxseed oil if the output is high and food flaxseed oil if the output is low. The objective of this work is to reason the most effective method to increase the output of food flaxseed oil while keeping its quality high. In this article a comparison has been made between single cold pressing of flaxseeds without preliminary preparation with microwave processing, as well as traditional (conductive) heating with traditional heating under vacuum. The object of the research is samples of flaxseeds (high quality variety VNIIMK-620 which contains 56.28% of linolenic acid in its fatty acid composition. It has been established, that the use of preliminary microwave processing enables to increase the output of oil compared to a single cold pressing without any processing, whereby the mass content of oil in oil cake can be reduced by 2.2%. At the same time the indicators of acid number and peroxide value are increased by 0,05 mg KOH/g and 0.37 mmol of active oxygen/kg correspondingly. Preliminary traditional heating of seeds before cold pressing enables to increase the output of oil, though not considerably, compared with preliminary microwave processing. At the same time the changes in acid number and peroxide value are similar to cold pressing with microwave processing. The use of vacuum when heating seeds in a traditional way does not influence the output of flaxseed oil but enables to decrease acid number and peroxide value to the level which is characteristic for the oil in original seeds. Thus, it is reasonable to use preliminary microwave processing under vacuum before cold pressing with the view to produce food flaxseed oil of high quality in terms of oxidative deterioration and the increase of its output
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Description
The study of the nature of many problems has to be the place in the economy of our country has revealed a lot of reasons and circumstances that trigger and aggravate them. Here you should pay attention to numerous gaps in the legislation, rooting the practice of finding and using such spaces, the lack of proper accounting and control over economic activity. Provided freedom of enterprise often rests on the inability of a large mass of participants of economic relations to solve everyday economic issues, to ensure a proper record of their activities, to present objectively the results of their work, to eliminate the appearance of contradictions. In the article the authors point to the need to change the mentality of business executives and companies in the direction of the inviolable observance of legally established and rules of business turnover. However, this requires a considerable amount of time and effort in following the course that is problematic. The authors point out that the solution of the problem may be the proposed accounting system based on an automated module with the established algorithms and patterns of economic behavior of business executives, which will rule out the withholding of economic ties, a reflection of unreal operations
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06.00.00 Agricultural sciences
DescriptionThe impact of anthropogenic pollution on soil phytotoxity and on triticale plants in Vladikavkaz suburb was investigated in the work. The objects of the study were sod-gley leached soils and different varieties of triticale plants. The research was conducted in 2010-2011 at the Department of Biology of Gorsky State Agrarian University. The article gives data on microelements content in soils and plants within the range of influence of Vladikavkaz industrial enterprises. There was a marked change of miroelements’ mobility in soil and activity of their penetration into plants during fertilization. The sort characteristics of microelements’ accumulation in vegetative mass of triticale were researched. The conducted research is informative for soil and plant condition monitoring in anthropogenically polluted environment. The work indicates the increasing danger of microelements (including heavy metals) accumulation in soil and their inclusion in biological cycle in concentration that is too toxic for plants, animals and people during the usage of fertilizers, especially their high doses. The most dangerous among heavy metals are mercury, cadmium and lead. We used MPC rate of excess to estimate the content of these metals. The results of the research can be used in soil and cereal plant condition monitoring and diagnosis and in development of regional environmental regulation
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IDEOLOGY OF THE RUSSIAN STATEHOOD AND DOMESTIC PHILOSOPHICAL TRADITION
DescriptionThe ideology of the Russian statehood has essential value both in connection with globalization tendencies, and in connection with problems of development of the Russian civil identity. In the article we give an assessment of shortcomings of ideological process of the USSR in connection with the nihilistic attitude towards domestic spiritual tradition. The main lines of traditional Russian philosophy essential from the point of view of history of ideological consciousness in Russia are considered
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ISOMORPHISM OF SYSTEM STAGES OF EVOLUTION
DescriptionThe article discusses and explains the similarity of organizational, structural and functional «solutions» at different system stages of the evolutionary development presented in nature and society. It is shown that at any level of biological organisation transition to a new stages of evolutionary development is implemented not only via «classical» individual changes (adaptations) of the particular organisms, but also by means of: 1) integration of organisms into the new systems of «superorganisms», 2) the differentiation of their functions or the division of labor, and 3) the development of internal and external communication, integrated into the overall communication system, ranging from single cells to ecological and social communication. The article argues that the distinctive characteristic of the present stage of evolution is cumulative cultural evolution of complex social systems that support (scaffold) the development of their individuals, through learning processes. It is shown that such social systems still have structural and functional isomorphism with biological systems; however, their reproduction and transmission implemented predominantly through more developed in the human community non-genetic inheritance systems, the advanced division of labour and distributed cognition.
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01.00.00 Physical-mathematical sciences
DescriptionClassic quantitative measure of the reliability of the models: F-measure by van Rijsbergen is based on counting the total number of correctly and incorrectly classified and not classified objects in the training sample. In multiclass classification systems, the facility can simultaneously apply to multiple classes. Accordingly, when the synthesis of the model description is used for formation of generalized images of many of the classes it belongs to. When using the model for classification, it is determined by the degree of similarity or divergence of the object with all classes, and a true-positive decision may be the membership of the object to several classes. The result of this classification may be that the object is not just rightly or wrongly relates or does not relate to different classes, both in the classical F-measure, but rightly or wrongly relates or does not relate to them in varying degrees. However, the classic F-measure does not count the fact that the object may in fact simultaneously belongs to multiple classes (multicrossover) and the fact that the classification result can be obtained with a different degree of similarity-differences of object classes (blurring). In the numerical example, the author states that with true-positive and true-negative decisions, the module similarities-differences of the object classes are much higher than for false-positive and false-negative decisions. It would therefore be rational to the extent that the reliability of the model to take into account not just the fact of true or false positive or negative decisions, but also to take into account the degree of confidence of the classifier in these decisions. In classifying big data we have revealed a large number of false-positive decisions with a low level of similarity, which, however, in total, contribute to reducing the reliability of the model. To overcome this problem, we propose a L2-measure, in which instead of the sum of levels of similarity we use the average similarity by different classifications. Thus, this work offers measures of the reliability of the models, called L1-measure and the L2 measure, mitigating and overcoming the shortcomings of the F-measures; these measures are described mathematically and their application is demonstrated on a simple numerical example. In the intellectual system called "Eidos", which is a software toolkit for the automated system-cognitive analysis (ASC-analysis), we have implemented all these measures of the reliability of the models: F, L1 and L2