№ 132(8), October, 2017
Public date: 31.10.2017
Archive of journal: Articles count 111, 292 kb
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Description
The author in this article points out that, in the current conditions of the development of scientific and technical means, differentiation of individual expert studies into independent types or subspecies of forensic examinations is observed. Mutual penetration of special knowledge and solving related issues by attracting specialists from various fields leads to the integration of scientific knowledge. In such conditions, the guarantee of professional expert research is the specialization of the forensic expert on specific types of forensic examinations and the continuous improvement of his qualification in a particular specialty in accordance with the development of scientific and methodological achievements in this field. To achieve this goal, the EFU system of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia currently provides the following: 1) training in higher educational institutions of the Ministry of the Interior of Russia on the specialty "Forensic examination"; 2) an internship, which takes place under the supervision of a mentor with subsequent certification for the right to self-produce expert examinations. However, despite this, the EFU of the Ministry of Internal Affairs system has a number of problems, caused by the following reasons: a reduction in the number of staff members of the EFU associated with the overall reorganization of MIA. 2) increase and differentiation of the workload of staff members in managerial and expert positions due to an increase in the number of databases of forensic accounts and the emergence of an additional burden. 3) weak material and technical support for territorial EFU. These problems, in the opinion of the author, are common to the whole system of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation and require their solution by improving the quality of work of staff members and taking organizational and financial measures
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Description
The article is about legal status of artificial plots of land in International law. The authors briefly tell about the history of development of modern international maritime law. Then the authors analyze United Nations Convention’s 1982 on The Law of The Sea norms about legal status of artificial plots of lands situated in different regions of marine space: in the territorial sea, the contiguous zone, on the continental shelf, in the exclusive economic zone, on the high seas. The convention includes terms of the same nature, for example, artificial island, installations, structures, devices and constructions. The term «constructions» is collective for all objects, that was made by people in the maritime space. At the same time, the Convention divides some kinds of artificial things. In addition, the article is about State Sovereignty issues of artificial objects, which are placed in the maritime space. The authors established some parallels between International law rules and Russian law rules, which govern the legal status of artificial plots of land
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Description
The article discusses one of the central elements of criminalistic characteristics of crimes in the sphere of non-fulfilment of duties of a tax agent – the method of committing a crime. Given its definition, structure, classification of methods, and general characteristics with example from the practice of investigation of such offences
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THE PRINCIPLES OF STATE AND MUNICIPAL SERVICE
Description
The article considers the ratio of the fundamental principles of the state and municipal services at the present stage of development of the state. It shows the problem concerning the possibility of expanding the list of these principles in the Federal laws and their harmonization
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ORGANIZATIONAL AND TACTICAL FEATURES OF THE AIRCRAFT ACCIDENT SITE EXAMINATION
Description
This article discusses the organizational and tactical features of the aircraft accident site examination. For successful solution of the problems which the investigator faces: for a quick and thorough crime detection, exposure of guilty persons and their fair sentencing, the investigator should clearly understand what circumstances are to be ascertained and proved in a particular case. The aircraft accident site examination is primary and necessary investigative activity. Success of the investigation of aircraft accidents, which are often accompanied by human deaths, depends on the efficient accident site examination. Very often, seemingly identical situations are generated by different causes and require an individual approach. To choose the best way of discovering past events the investigator should consider the organizational and tactical features in the course of crime scene examination. To carry out the efficient accident site examination, experts in the field of aeronautical engineering, a forensic expert or a doctor as well as a specialist of forensic units for the production of photo and video at the crash site should be involved. It is necessary to fix and remove the traces and other evidence, and the obtained data must be recorded in the accident site examination report
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Description
The author of the article analyzes the opinions of criminal scientists in the legal literature regarding technical and criminalistic support for the detection and investigation of crimes. The content of the given scientific article allows us to rethink the current state of the use of technical and criminalistic and other means in criminal proceedings. The author's revised definition of the concept of technical means used to collect, verify (study) and evaluate evidence in criminal proceedings is proposed
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Description
An analysis of the provisions of the Criminal Procedure Code and other regulatory legal acts relating to the investigation and operational investigation team activity shows that the head of the investigative and operational group exercises, among others, the organizational and managerial function. Consequently, these powers are not limited to procedural functions alone. In the proposed article, the author examines what these functions are and how they influence the procedure for investigating crimes
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Description
The purpose of this research is to show how algorythmization and programming course is significant for agronomic engineers. We are sure that analytical thinking is a quite important thing for agronomic specialists. Studying computer science should not be only for obtaining simple computer skills, but for developing analytical thinking. In this work, some methodical features of education are shown. In addiation, this study involves actual problems of teaching: from motivation to educational processes
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THE TECHNIQUE OF VISUAL ANALYSIS IN THE HISTORY OF PLANTS ON THE EXAMPLE OF PAINTINGS BY I. MASHKOV
Description
In the article on the example of painterly works of the artist I.I. Mashkov there have been represented the analysis of the plants’ history. The emphasis on the image as the object of study, in the modern world has become popular for several reasons. On the one hand, it is a documentary confirmation of events, the state of the object, and sometimes the only proof of a bygone era. On the other hand, the works of art are multifaceted information about the study area, recorded by the artist with a thorough drawing of details, environment, transfer of colors, shapes. The experience of creating electronic databases as a library of electronic resources is considered. The analysis of I. I. Mashkov's art paintings made it possible to identify several semantic blocks such as the species and genetic diversity of vegetable crops; spread of cultures, i.e. introduction on the example of pumpkins, tobacco and sunflower; pottery culture (indoor flowers, species and genetic diversity of camellia, begonias), local strawberry varieties with the phenomenon of fascia, and the production of bread with variety and characteristic forms. Through the analysis of still-life paintings and part of the portraits, in the artist's desire to "express time," a peculiar "species record" of agrocultures and agro-production was created in the period from 1910 to 1940 years
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Description
The authors mention the intensification of people’s negative influence on the environment and the decline of ecological situation. According to this problem in different spheres of life not excepting designing the usage of ecological approach becomes actual nowadays. There is the necessity of including educational programs and courses connecting to the formation of students’ ecological culture in the curriculum of the higher school of Design. In the context of this research, the authors pay attention to the aspects of using technological materials, to the aspects of preserving natural resources. There are socially economical aspects of ecological design which nowadays make people think of technological consequences and their economic feasibility and the aspects of wastes’ recycling from the viewpoint of eco design. The authors analyze the research works of Russian and foreign designers, social projects and government programs, contemporary art exhibitions of professionals as well as amateurs. Artists, designers apply one of the avant-garde art’s form (trash- art) using rubbish as an art material. The main conception of trash-art is to appeal people’s interest to the protection of the environment. In such a way, the object of the research work is people’s world as well as the world of nature with a great variety of problems. The problem aspects of ecology which are presented in this research work help to find the correct methodological ways of design teaching, help Masters of Design make their own researching and bring up ecological thinking of young people
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