№ 147(3), March, 2019
Public date: 29.03.2019
Archive of journal: Articles count 13, 41 kb
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COMPARATIVE CHARACTERISTICS OF DI-AGNOSTIC LABORATORY TESTS FOR THE VIRUS PERITONITIS OF CATS
06.02.00 Veterinary and Husbandry
DescriptionThis article is devoted to the study of various laboratory tests for the diagnosis of viral peritonitis of cats, conducted in 2014-2018. The study was subjected to 278 cats of both sexes, different breeds and mongrel, of different ages, which were taken to the veterinary clinic «Vita» and the veterinary clinic «Noah's Ark» in Krasnodar. Analysis of the results showed that in the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of viral peritonitis of cats, the most resultant is a combination of studies of Globulin in serum and a test for antibodies to coronavirus, or a solid enzyme immunoassay (tIFA) on IgG to coronavirus. In addition to clinical symptoms, routine laboratory studies, instrumental studies for the diagnosis of viral cat peritonitis, it is necessary to use additional research methods, although many of them have a number of shortcomings in sensitivity and specificity
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MAGNETIC PROFILES OF KUBAN SOILS OF VARIOUS AGRICULTURAL USE
DescriptionThe article discusses the change in the magnetic properties of soils of different agricultural use, depending on the conditions of soil formation. The objects of study are leached chernozem of Western Ciscaucasia, meadow chernozem and meadow bog soils of rice agrolandscapes. The results showed that with an increase in the degree of hydromorphism, the magnitude of the magnetic susceptibility of the soil decreases. The leached chernozem has the highest magnetization of the profile. In soils formed under the influence of hydromorphic soil formation, magnetic susceptibility is reduced by 3.0-3.5 times in rainfed conditions and deposits, and by 6.0-12.0 times in soils of rice agrocenoses
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RICE VARIETY CALLED LEADER: BIOLOGI-CAL BASIS OF AGROTECHNICAL ELEMENTS
DescriptionRussian rice variety called Leader is widely cultivated in the Kyzylorda region of Kazakhstan. Elite seeds of the variety are produced in the Krasnodar region. Leader possesses field resistance to blast disease. One of the mechanisms for the formation of rice plant resistance to the causative agent of the fungus Pyricularia oryzae Cav is an increased accumulation of silicon (SiO2). Biochemistry studies have shown that pathogen-resistant varieties accumulate up to 19% silicon in flowering scales, and susceptible - less than 14%. The article presents the study materials of rice plants of the rice variety Leader with sowing rates of 700 and 350 seeds per m2 in the field trials. As a result, a correlation has been established between the plant density of the rice variety Leader, the silica content in the flowering scales of the kernels and the damage to the plants by blast disease. Shoots of rice were obtained when wet, so field germination reached 69-70%. In the first variant, the number of sprouting exceeded 490 pcs/m2 with single-stem plants having poorly developed panicles and partially infected by P. oryzae. The yield of rice was 5.75 t/ha. In the second variant, the density of seedlings was 244 pcs/m2. The plants were well developed, they formed 2 and more shoots at tillering and had large panicles without signs of disease. The yield was 8.10 t/ha. Biochemical analysis showed that in the first variant, the flower scales of single-stem plants contained 13.8% SiO2, and in the second 19.5%. The conclusion was made that for such varieties as Leader, the high density of plant stand is unacceptable. Under conditions of increased competition, rice plants form a weak root system, accumulate little silicon, and therefore can be affected by blast disease. When studying the reaction of the plants of rice variety Leader to different levels of mineral nutrition, it has been defined that the optimal development of plants occurs at the plant density of 240-250 pcs/m2 and the level of mineral nutrition N120P100K50
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Description
The purpose of the article is to use automated system-cognitive analysis (ASC-analysis) to study the impact of agrotechnological factors on the yield and quality of wheat and the use of the created models to solve the problems of forecasting, decision support and research of the simulated domain through the study of its model. To achieve this goal, the following tasks are set and solved, obtained by decomposition of the goal and are the stages of its achievement: Task 1: to formulate the idea and concept of solving the problem; Task 2: to justify the choice of method and tool for solving the problem; Task 3: to apply the selected method and tool to achieve this goal: cognitive structuring of the subject area; formalization of the subject area; synthesis and verification of the model; improving the quality of the model and the choice of the most reliable model; solution in the most reliable model of diagnostic problems (classification, recognition, identification), decision support and research of the simulated subject area by studying its model. Task 4: describe the effectiveness of the proposed solution. Task 5: to consider the limitations and shortcomings of the proposed solution to the problem and the prospects for its development by overcoming these limitations and shortcomings. A detailed numerical example of solving the problems based on 217 real examples of wheat cultivation in the fields of the Krasnodar region is given. For readers, it is possible to download this numerical example and install it on your computer to study
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Description
In Reineke Island (Primorskii Krai, Vladivostok, Peter the Great Bay, Sea of Japan) alien species for Russia’s Far East Centaurea jacea L. (Asteraсеае) were first discovered in the 1980th in a small amount. Now, 40 years later distribution of C. jacea is limited to small sites of secondary grass meadows and disturbed habitats of roadsides unpaved roads for approximately 0.03% of the island; the level of its invasive activity is low; C. jacea threats currently is not for the biodiversity of plant community and forage value of meadows
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05.20.00 Processes and machines of agroengineering systems
DescriptionThe article presents the results of the research on modeling of working bodies of agricultural equipment by methods of engineering geometry and computer graphics. The design and the principle of operation of the equipment on the basis of working bodies in the form of screw drums is shown on the example of a device for the preparation of concentrated feed
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METHODS AND RESULTS OF THE SEED MATERIAL FRICTION COEFFICIENT DETERMINING USING AN AUTOMATED DEVICE
05.20.00 Processes and machines of agroengineering systems
DescriptionThe article describes the automated method of friction coefficient determination of row crops seeds using different types of surface, including modern polymer and composite materials. It is revealed that the friction coefficient characterizes the friction properties of seeds arising in the process of mechanical action during harvesting, transportation, storage and processing, as well as changes over time depending on the state of the surfaces, contact time, humidity, relative velocity and other parameters. The problem of lack of friction coefficients values for rest and dynamic friction coefficients for the polymeric and composite materials which are actively applied today at industrial production of agricultural machinery is designated. The design and general view of the device which helps to determine friction coefficient excluding the human factor (operator error) are presented. The operation principle of the developed device is described and the processing method of experimental data is given. Experimental data were obtained and statistical processing was carried out to identify the static and dynamic friction coefficients of seeds. Integral ( ) and differential ( ) graph for the distribution of friction coefficient average values for pairs "type of seed material – type of friction surface" are constructed
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Description
In this article, the influence of foliar treatments with complex fertilizers (Polimiks-agro, Sprühdünger 2) and a growth regulator (SeaweedMix) in the cultivation of rootstocks and seedlings given the concentration of drugs and phase of plant development. The positive effect of fertilizer "Polimix-agro" on physiological processes in plants of SC2U apple rootstock in the formation of adaptive resistance to abiotic stresses of the summer period, where the best water-holding capacity of the leaves than in the control. It was found that a single non-root feeding in the uterine growth regulator called SeaweedMix when reaching rootstocks height of 10-15 cm, allows to increase the yield by increasing the growth activity, increase the standard of layering with a decrease in the number of lateral branches, as well as 3-fold non-root fertilizing fertilizer Sprühdunger 2 provided an increase in the quality of rootstocks on the diameter of the trunk and height
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INFLUENCE OF FERTILIZERS ON QUALITY OF CHARDONNAY GRAPES AND WINE MATERIALS
DescriptionThe article presents the results of the fertilizers use effect on dry wine materials produced from the Chardonnay variety, grown in the Anapo-Taman soil and climatic zone of the Krasnodar region, Russia. As a result of wine materials analysis, increase of tartaric acid was noted, with the autumn application of phosphorus-potassium fertilizers and the spring application of ammonium nitrate. At the same time, its optimum content was noted with nitroammophos. Also, the minimum concentration of malic acids was detected by the application of nitroammophos with potassium fertilizers. In its turn, early spring application of ammonium nitrate reduced the concentration of malic acid below the control sample (without fertilizers). It was revealed that the use of mineral fertilizers in this winemaking zone also contributed to a reduction of lactic acid in the must. At the same time, the application of nitroammophos (especially together with other mineral fertilizers), contributed to the accumulation of citric and succinic acids, as well as phenolic compounds. Moreover, the application of phosphate-potassium fertilizers in the autumn contributed to the accumulation, and, consequently, also to the increase in the content of phenolic compounds in the resulting must. In addition, the studied samples of wine materials contained high alcohol concentrations and low concentrations of sugars with volatile acids. At the same time, the maximum amount of alcohol exceeding its content in the control sample was revealed when phosphorus-potassium fertilizers were used together with nitroammophos fertilizers. It is also noted that the application of ammonium nitrate did not affect this indicator. As a result, the use of mineral fertilizers in the studied concentrations made it possible to prepare wine materials that contained a low concentration of sulfur dioxide, which is substantially lower than the harmful concentration for humans. In addition, increased concentrations of hydrogen ions in variants with the application of phosphate-potassium fertilizers have made it possible to reduce the number of iron tanates and the intensity of oxidation-reduction processes
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06.02.00 Veterinary and Husbandry
DescriptionPasteurella multocida is an important respiratory pathogen of cattle. OmpH Protein is a major protective antigen of bacteria has been well studied in avian strains. In the literature there are no data available for the study of a variety of sequence of this protein among isolates with cattle respiratory pathology. There have been described several genes associated with the virulence of the bacterium in respiratory disease of cattle, but none of the authors compared the frequency of detection of these genes with the pathogenicity for laboratory animals. The aim of our study was the development of allele-specific PCR to determine Omph-types of Pasteurella multocida and the search for new approaches to assess the pathogenicity of isolates of bacteria. Total amount of 83 isolates allocated from the lungs of calves with respiratory pathology was investigated. All isolates belonged to groups A or D (isolates 63 and 20, respectively). Among isolates of capsular serogroup A we revealed 6 types, most propagation types were A1 and A2. All isolates of capsular serogroup D were one omph- type. In 16 out of 23 farms there were identified isolates of only one omph-type, 4 - 2 types, 3 - three types. The frequency of gene hgbb - hemoglobin binding protein correlated with pathogenicity of isolates for white mice. The developed allele-specific PCR along with hgbb gene detection can be used for screening and studying the properties of antigen and circulating pathogenic isolates and selecting a candidate vaccine strains