№ 157(3), March, 2020
Public date: 31.03.2020
Archive of journal: Articles count 29, 98 kb
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PROBIOTIC FEED ADDITIVES USED IN PIG FARMING
DescriptionThe article provides a review of domestic patent information on the effectiveness of using modern probiotic feed additives in pig farming practice. The inclusion of probiotic feed additives in the diets of pigs is aimed at excluding pathogenic and opportunistic microflora from the intestinal microbiocenosis, increasing the productive action of feed and intensifying metabolic and immune processes in the organism. The introduction of probiotic feed additives into the diet of pregnant sow and suckling pigs, as well as weaned piglets, allows achieving high indicators for the safety and productivity of young animals, which is very important for the cost-effective development of production. The ability of probiotic feed additives to normalize the microflora of the gastrointestinal tract of newborn piglets provides increased resistance to mass gastrointestinal diseases, as well as increasing the safety and viability of piglets. Thus, probiotic feed additives are an important component of the modern diet of farm animals at all stages of their development. At the same time, the most popular and effective for modern pig farming are multicomponent probiotic feed additives that contain a complex of probiotic cultures with different biological effects on the organism, sorbents that often act as prebiotics, enzyme preparations and other biologically active substances that provide a positive multifunctional effect on the organism of farm animals
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THE METHOD OF IMPROVEMENT OF GROWING BROILER CHICKENS ZOOHYGIENIC CONDITIONS
DescriptionMetabolic products, water, dust and litter are released into the air and accumulated in the house when the birds are kept on the litter. The following techniques are available when caring for litter: a) cleaning, b) application of dehumidifiers, c) acceleration of decomposition by special microbiological preparations. The purpose of the experiments is to study the effect of a microbiological preparation in the litter on broiler productivity. Chickens “Cobb-500”, “Ross-308” and “Change-8” were up to 38-42 days old in special boxes. “Sunvit-K” and “Sunvit-K-forte” brought in the litter at the 21-, 28- and 38-day-old age of the bird. These biodestructors with bacteria have increased broiler productivity due to improved hygiene. The best effect was when applying to the litter “Sanvit-K” and “Sanvit-K-forte” at a dose of 20 and 10 g per square meter. м. The final weight of broilers increased by 3.8-5.3%, and EPEF is 346-348 units
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MICROBIAL ASSOCIATIONS OF BIOHUMUS AND HUMIC SUBSTANCES DERIVED FROM LIVESTOCK WASTE
06.01.01 General agriculture, crop production (agricultural sciences)
DescriptionThe article presents the results of the study of microbiological composition of biohumus and humic substances obtained by fermentation method according to the technology developed by the authors. The problem of processing livestock wastes is caused on the one hand by the occurrence of large volumes of them, and on the other hand by the addition of such important elements as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, etc., which can be used as bioelements. The goal of research was to develop a technology for the production of humic compounds from biohumus and to study the microbial communities that occur in them. Results of researches showed that for biohumus with high content of humic substances, bovine manure must be composted with chopped straw at the ratio of 8:1. Biocomposting of manure and crushed straw using the developed technology enables to obtain biohumus containing humic substances of 20 g/l. Among the physiological groups of biohumus microorganisms, the most numerous groups are aminoautotrophies and ammonifiers - 231.6×106 and 130.33×106 CFU/g, respectively. At the same time the grouping of cellulose-decomposer actinomycetes in biohumus was quite numerous and amounted to 0.93×103 CFU/g.
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EXCHANGE PROCESSES IN THE BODY OF BROILER CHICKENS WHEN USING THE FEED ADDITIVE INNOVIT E 60
DescriptionVitamin E, having an antioxidant effect, also has a versatile effect on metabolism. It is proved that vitamin E is necessary for the integrity and optimal function of the reproductive, muscle, circulatory, nervous and immune systems. The feed additive Innovit E 60 was produced in the Russian Federation by the MEGAMIX company using innovative technology, which has no analogues in the world. The article presents the test results of the Innovit E 60 feed additive as a part of premixes for the purpose of enriching compound feeds for broiler chickens with vitamin E. The authors have found that the studied feed additive activated metabolic processes in the body of broiler chickens of ROSS 308 cross. Chickens of the experimental group better digested nutrients feed in comparison with analogues of the control group. A significant increase in the digestibility of crude protein by chickens of the experimental groups was found to be 1.11 and 0.92%, crude fat - by 2.11 and 1.85%, BEV - by 2.53 and 2.24%. The deposition of nitrogen in the body of the chickens of the experimental groups is higher than in the control group by 5.73 and 5.05%, and its use from the accepted - by 2.94 and 2.56%. By the end of the feeding, the difference in live weight was 90.3 (4.25%) and 68.5 g (3.22%), and feed costs per 1 kg of live weight gain decreased by 0.06 and 0.04 kg. The control slaughter of broiler chickens showed that the slaughter yield in the experimental groups increased: males by 0.6 and 0.4%, chickens by 0.8 and 0.5%; the mass of pectoral muscles of males - by 46.0 and 41.0g, chickens - by 43.0 and 36.0g. The feed additive Innovit E 60 in the diets of broiler chickens helps to improve the digestibility of the main nutrients of the feed, increase live weight, slaughter exit and exit of the pectoral muscles
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BEEKEEPING AS A NECESSARY FACTOR OF APC DEVELOPMENT
DescriptionThe creation of stable agrocenoses requires ensuring a high pollination rate by maintaining a certain number of bee colonies per unit area. In Russia, over the past four years, the number of bee families has decreased to 3.1 million. For the full pollination of the entomophilous crops available in the Russian Federation, more than 7 million bee families are needed. The shortage of bees in Russia led to a massive import of bee packages from Uzbekistan, which significantly reduced the employment and profitability of residents in Russian agriculture. To ensure socio-economic well-being in rural areas, it is necessary to establish the formation of their own bee packages in the early spring. To do this, it is advisable to use instrumental insemination of bees, which allows to increase the productivity of the bee colonies by 25-40% and receive early bee packages with fetal uterus. It is necessary to carry out technical re-equipment of the industry, having established the production of mobile bee pavilions, beehive loaders, and honey pumping complexes. The development of beekeeping due to the manifestation of the multiplier effect will contribute to increasing the efficiency of the entire agricultural sector of the country
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THE USE OF FEED COMPLEX PALUTENA P-2 IN THE DIET OF THE AFRICAN BLACK OSTRICH
DescriptionThe article presents a research on the influence of Felucene P-2 on the growth of black African ostriches, as well as on the hematological parameters of the blood of ostriches. For the experiment, two groups of ostriches, aged 2 months, were formed: the first one received a standard diet, the second - the Felucene p-2 feed complex was added to the standard diet. As a result of the conducted research, it was found that Felucene P-2 is an effective feed complex of domestic production, allowing under equal conditions of feeding and maintenance to increase the growth and development of young ostriches. From the age of 120 days, an increase in the average daily increase in the live weight of black African ostriches was recorded, and high growth energy of the bird was observed up to the age of 240 days
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GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT OF CORN DEPENDING ON THE DENSE OF THE STATION OF PLANTS AND SEED DRILLER
06.01.01 General agriculture, crop production (agricultural sciences)
DescriptionThe article gives an overview of the results of a study of the growth and development of corn in the conditions of the Northern zone of the Krasnodar region depending on the density of plant standing and seed treatment. The object of the research was an early-ripe hybrid of Ross 199 corn. Two factors were studied in the experiment: factor A - plant stand density (60, 70 and 80 thousand units / ha), factor B - seed dresser (Maxim XL (k) and Maxim Quatro). The subject of research is included in the thematic plan of scientific research of the Department of General and Irrigated Agriculture of KubSAU. The total area of the plot is 1008 m2, the accounting area is 672 m2. The number of rows in the plot is only 8, including accounting - 4. plots The plots are placed systematically. Repeating: 3-fold. The predecessor is winter cereal crops (wheat). The counts and observations in the experiment were carried out according to generally accepted methods. The studies have established that the duration of the interphase and vegetation periods of corn plants depended on the density of plant standing, and with the thickening of crops, it decreased, and protectants did not affect this indicator. In all phases of determination, the maximum height of corn plants was noted with a plant standing density of 80 thousand units / ha. The studied dressers Maxim XL and Maxim Quattro had practically no effect on height. The diameter of the second internode decreased with thickening of the crop
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Description
The article contains information that allows us to assess the importance of intermuscular abscesses in the range of indicators that affect the quality of pork produced in modern pig breeding complexes with flow technology. Calendar periods with increased rates of carcass rejection at a meat processing plant due to intermuscular abscesses were identified; the numerical value of rejection was established: from 2-3 carcasses from a batch in the "safe" months to 20-30 in the "unfavorable" ones. The article presents opinions of researchers on the causes of intermuscular abscesses are given; the importance of violations of vaccination technology is highlighted; an officially approved immune-prophylaxis scheme used at a large meat processing enterprise in the Krasnodar region. The analysis of the specialist's actions during the implementation of vaccine injections in growing animals was performed, and possible causes of process violations that can lead to the occurrence of an abscess were determined. The work justifies use of in vivo and post-slaughter ultrasound diagnostics of an abscess as a pathological object with certain characteristics. We have also noted the necessity of economic justification for the purchase of a mobile or stationary ultrasound device by a company
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STRATEGIC PLANNING AND MANAGEMENT OF A HOLDING BASED ON INFORMATION AND COGNITIVE TECHNOLOGIES
08.00.13 Mathematical and instrumental methods of Economics
DescriptionIn the article, we develop the methodology of strategic planning and management of a holding, on the theoretical basis of automated system-cognitive analysis (ASC-analysis). This methodology provides scientific research of any holding by creating and researching its model. The methodology includes both the synthesis, adaptation and verification of system-cognitive models of the holding, and the use of these models for strategic planning and decision support for the management of the holding, as a complex, multiparametric, nonlinear system. The relevance of the research is due to the special role of holdings and other corporate integrated structures both in Russia as a whole and, in particular, in the Krasnodar region. Despite obvious system advantages, holdings face a wide range of problems related to management efficiency, ensuring their sustainable functioning, etc. The proposed methodology offers ways to solve these problems and can be successfully applied in holdings and other corporate integrated structures of various regions, volumes and areas of activity, which determines the relevance of the research topic. The level of significance and scientific novelty of the Research consists in the development of conceptual and theoretical and methodological provisions aimed at managing the development of holdings. The expected results and their significance are that the methodology developed as a result of the Research can be applied by holding companies and other corporate integrated structures and will significantly improve the quality of their management
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EMBRYO PRODUCTIONS WITH CONVENTIONAL AND SEXED SEMEN USE IN "KUBAN” AGRO COMPANY
DescriptionAt the Kuban Agricultural Association OJSC, Ust-Labinsky District, Krasnodar region, a research has been carried out on obtaining embryos from cows and heifers of donors using sexed and conventional frozen seed. In the first experiment, 159 doses of ordinary frozen semen from 3 different bulls were used to inseminate 57 cows and heifers - donors. In the second experiment, 63 doses of normal frozen semen from 3 different bulls were expended for insemination of 21 cows and heifers of donors after treatment with super ovulation for 9 days. On the 7th day after insemination, the embryos were collected in experimental cows and heifers of the donors, their number was counted, and the quality was evaluated. As a result of the study, it observed that the obtained embryos from each donor were different in quantity and quality. The number of embryos, using traditional sperm, was from 1 to 42, and on average per cow 13.68 ± 2.45. Among them, 8.40 ± 1.08 embryos belonged to the first class, 0.35 ± 0.45 - to the 2nd class; 4.90 ± 0.94 to the 3rd class, as well as 4.90 ± 0.94 embryos were degenerated. After donor insemination with sexed sperm, 1 to 22 embryos were obtained, an average of 9.01 ± 4.03. Including 4.92 ± 3.04 embryos belonging to the 1st class, 1.31 ± 1.02 - of the second class, 0.28 ± 0.27 - of the 3rd class and 2.48. ± 0.71 degenerated. The results showed that the average number of embryos obtained using conventional sperm is larger compared to the use of sexed semen, regardless of the donor cow or heifer. Conclusion: the use of traditional frozen semen allows us to get more and better quality embryos from cows and heifer donors