№ 157(3), March, 2020
Public date: 31.03.2020
Archive of journal: Articles count 29, 98 kb
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THE METHOD OF IMPROVEMENT OF GROWING BROILER CHICKENS ZOOHYGIENIC CONDITIONS
DescriptionMetabolic products, water, dust and litter are released into the air and accumulated in the house when the birds are kept on the litter. The following techniques are available when caring for litter: a) cleaning, b) application of dehumidifiers, c) acceleration of decomposition by special microbiological preparations. The purpose of the experiments is to study the effect of a microbiological preparation in the litter on broiler productivity. Chickens “Cobb-500”, “Ross-308” and “Change-8” were up to 38-42 days old in special boxes. “Sunvit-K” and “Sunvit-K-forte” brought in the litter at the 21-, 28- and 38-day-old age of the bird. These biodestructors with bacteria have increased broiler productivity due to improved hygiene. The best effect was when applying to the litter “Sanvit-K” and “Sanvit-K-forte” at a dose of 20 and 10 g per square meter. м. The final weight of broilers increased by 3.8-5.3%, and EPEF is 346-348 units
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Description
One of the urgent directions of finding promising raw ingredients in the feeding of farm animals and birds is the use of larvae of flies as a source of alternative protein. In Russia, LLC «New Biotechnology» is engaged in the processing of organic waste using the larvae of the flies of the population Lucilia Caesar under a project accredited at the Skolkovo Innovation Center, which, after a global reconstruction, started its production. The use of flour from larvae of flies in feeding poultry, including turkeys, is a new direction that is becoming more widespread among leading world producers. The authors established the high efficiency of using protein-lipid concentrate (PLC) from the larvae of flies of the population Lucilia Caesar in the production of cross BIG-6 turkey meat. It is proved that the use of the studied additives in the amount of 5.0 and 7.5% in the diets of turkey-poults for fattening can increase the live weight of females and males of the experimental groups. By the end of the feeding, the excess in live weight of the females of the experimental groups relative to the control was 858 (8.67%) and 1211g (12.24%), males - 980 (6.17%) and 1362g (8.58%), respectively. The average daily gain in live weight of females of the experimental groups during the feeding period exceeded the control by 6.7 and 9.8 g, males - by 8.8 and 12.2 g, and feed costs per 1 kg of growth decreased: in females - by 0.06 and 0, 17 kg, for males - 0.09 and 0.18 kg. The protein level in the average meat sample increased in the I experimental group by 1.26, in the II experimental group - by 1.57%, and the cholesterol level decreased by 7.21 and 10.95%. The results of the study allowed us to conclude that the protein-lipid concentrate (PLC) from the larvae of flies of the Lucilia Caesar population contributes to an increase in the growth and development of turkey poultry, lower feed costs and improve the quality of meat
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06.01.05 Selection and seed production of agricultural plants (agricultural sciences)
DescriptionThe article presents the results of the study of pollen grains in different types and varieties of wheat and triticale selection by "National Grain Centre named after P.P. Lukyanenko". The varieties of winter soft wheat in the experiment were ranked by the length of the growing season, the height of plants and the level of frost resistance. In the analysis of the source material, the following characteristics were used as indicators: the shape, color, and size of pollen grains. In the course of research, no differences in shape and color were found, they differed only in size. According to the results of two years of study, it was found that the pollen of winter and spring triticale is much larger than that of various types of wheat. In ultra-ripe varieties, pollen grains are smaller (66.2 microns) than in varieties of other maturity groups. Semi-dwarf varieties (with two Rht dwarfism genes) form the largest pollen (70.1 microns).Winter wheat varieties with high frost resistance produce the smallest pollen grains
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ASSESSMENT OF FROST RESISTANCE IN WINTER BARLEY VARIETIES
06.01.01 General agriculture, crop production (agricultural sciences)
DescriptionThe article presents the results of the research on the evaluation of frost-resistant varieties of winter barley. Frost resistance is the main criterion for winter hardiness of winter crops. To promote the area of cultivation of winter barley in colder areas, production needs high-hardy varieties. Recently, due to the warming of the climate in the Central zone of the Krasnodar region, it is almost impossible to reliably and accurately determine the winter hardiness of winter crops in natural (field) conditions. In this regard, breeders in their work, in order to identify frost-resistant forms, use the method of direct freezing of breeding and collection material. During our research, the evaluation of the test material was carried out using a modified method developed by academician V. M. Shevtsov. This method allows the most accurate and efficient determination of the critical temperature for a particular sample in a short period of time. Varieties and lines were placed in the EKSI refrigeration unit for a certain period of time. Then they were taken out, and at the end of time, the percentage of plants before and after freezing was calculated. As a result of the conducted research, we have selected highly frost-resistant forms that differ in a complex of economically valuable features and properties
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THE USE OF FEED COMPLEX PALUTENA P-2 IN THE DIET OF THE AFRICAN BLACK OSTRICH
DescriptionThe article presents a research on the influence of Felucene P-2 on the growth of black African ostriches, as well as on the hematological parameters of the blood of ostriches. For the experiment, two groups of ostriches, aged 2 months, were formed: the first one received a standard diet, the second - the Felucene p-2 feed complex was added to the standard diet. As a result of the conducted research, it was found that Felucene P-2 is an effective feed complex of domestic production, allowing under equal conditions of feeding and maintenance to increase the growth and development of young ostriches. From the age of 120 days, an increase in the average daily increase in the live weight of black African ostriches was recorded, and high growth energy of the bird was observed up to the age of 240 days
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IMPROVING THE CHEMICAL METHOD OF CONTROLLING WEEDS ON SUNFLOWER
06.01.01 General agriculture, crop production (agricultural sciences)
DescriptionCurrently, there is no effective chemical protection of sunflower crops against dicotyledonous weeds during the growing season of the crop, except for systems that provide for the use of herbicides called Evro-Laiting, Zonator or Express. The disadvantage of these systems is the limited composition of cultivated sunflower hybrids and high costs. The article presents a research on the development of an effective system of chemical protection of sunflower crops against dicotyledonous and monocotyledonous weeds during the growing season of the crop. The greatest effect in the suppression of weeds in sunflower crops was observed by application of the herbicides Goal 2E and Senator on the germination of crop. In these versions of the experiment, the highest seed yield and oil harvest are also noted. However, the use of the Zonator is limited only to drug-resistant sunflower hybrids. The use of the herbicide Goal 2E is possible on any varieties and hybrids of sunflower. Despite the damage to the first two real sunflower leaves when using the herbicide Goal 2E for vegetation, the plants are fully restored, which does not significantly affect the productivity of the crop. The proposed schemes for using herbicides can improve the technological and economic efficiency of controlling monocotyledonous and dicotyledonous weeds in sunflower crops
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05.20.01 Technologies and means of mechanization of agriculture (technical sciences)
DescriptionIn this article we consider methods of inactivation of anti-nutrient substances of leguminous crops by means of preliminary treatment: melting and extrusion of grain. It has been found that the main anti-nutrient of legumes is a trypsin inhibitor. It is concluded that it is impossible to use leguminous crops as animal feed without preliminary treatment. We have considered issues of use of leguminous crops in feeding farm animals in the form of flour, cake, extraction cake, protein concentrates, milk, green mass, hay, senage, herbal flour and silage, and it has been established that the most promising direction of preparation of leguminous animals for feeding by agricultural animals is preparation of liquid protein suspension
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PERSPECTIVE STRAWBERRY VARIETIES FOR INDUSTRIAL GROWING IN THE SOUTH OF RUSSIA
06.01.01 General agriculture, crop production (agricultural sciences)
DescriptionWe have studied 17 strawberry varieties due to their economically valuable traits: the number of berries (pcs per plant), average fruit weight (g), biological yield (g per plant), firmness of fruit (g). Among the studied varieties is 6 - Honeoye, Alba, Belrubi, Asia, Nelli, Bogota are zoned varieties; 3 - Djeni, Elegia, Kemia is a new varieties of local selection and 8 an introduced varieties from the EU - Joly, Onda, Galia, Vivaldi, Rumba, Florence, Alina, Molling Opal. The purpose of the work is to identify the strawberry varieties which are promising for industrial production in the south of Russia among new strawberry varieties of local selection and introduced varieties. Based on two-factorial analysis of variance according to 2018-2019 studies there were revealed significant differences between the genotypes of varieties for all studied parameters. It is shown that the greatest differences in the variability of traits are observed by the “year” factor. The varieties were ranked according to the values of the smallest significant difference for each individual trait. In accordance with the results of the cluster analysis on a complex of traits we have identified strawberry varieties which are showing the prospect for industrial cultivation. In the new varieties of strawberries as Joly, Vivaldi and Rumba the values of yield and quality of berries are comparable to the best zoned varieties, such as Nelli, Asia and Bogota
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EMBRYO PRODUCTIONS WITH CONVENTIONAL AND SEXED SEMEN USE IN "KUBAN” AGRO COMPANY
DescriptionAt the Kuban Agricultural Association OJSC, Ust-Labinsky District, Krasnodar region, a research has been carried out on obtaining embryos from cows and heifers of donors using sexed and conventional frozen seed. In the first experiment, 159 doses of ordinary frozen semen from 3 different bulls were used to inseminate 57 cows and heifers - donors. In the second experiment, 63 doses of normal frozen semen from 3 different bulls were expended for insemination of 21 cows and heifers of donors after treatment with super ovulation for 9 days. On the 7th day after insemination, the embryos were collected in experimental cows and heifers of the donors, their number was counted, and the quality was evaluated. As a result of the study, it observed that the obtained embryos from each donor were different in quantity and quality. The number of embryos, using traditional sperm, was from 1 to 42, and on average per cow 13.68 ± 2.45. Among them, 8.40 ± 1.08 embryos belonged to the first class, 0.35 ± 0.45 - to the 2nd class; 4.90 ± 0.94 to the 3rd class, as well as 4.90 ± 0.94 embryos were degenerated. After donor insemination with sexed sperm, 1 to 22 embryos were obtained, an average of 9.01 ± 4.03. Including 4.92 ± 3.04 embryos belonging to the 1st class, 1.31 ± 1.02 - of the second class, 0.28 ± 0.27 - of the 3rd class and 2.48. ± 0.71 degenerated. The results showed that the average number of embryos obtained using conventional sperm is larger compared to the use of sexed semen, regardless of the donor cow or heifer. Conclusion: the use of traditional frozen semen allows us to get more and better quality embryos from cows and heifer donors
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SOWING AND CROP PROPERTIES OF SOFT WINTER WHEAT SEEDS DEPENDING ON THE REPRODUCTION ZONE
06.01.05 Selection and seed production of agricultural plants (agricultural sciences)
DescriptionThe article presents the results of studying the influence of the reproduction zone on the sowing and yield quality of seeds of wheat varieties of soft winter selection of the NPC named after P. P. Lukyanenko. From the sowing qualities regulated by the state standard of the Russian Federation, the following indicators were studied in the experiment: viability ( % ) and weight of 1000 seeds (g). The P-1 seeds obtained in the NPC were sown in different agro-climatic zones of the region in the optimal time with the same seeding rate of 250 seeds/m2. The obtained seed material was supplied for the study of sowing qualities and yielding properties of learning in the nursery ground control. The yield quality of seeds significantly differed depending on the area of their production in the previous year. According to the results of four years of research, the seeds of varieties obtained in the Northern zone of the region had higher sowing qualities compared to seeds from other agro-climatic zones. The average seed viability for four years in the Tanya variety was 97.6%, in the Yuka variety-97.7% and in the Grom variety-98.0%. The largest mass of 1000 seeds was also observed in the studied varieties from the Northern zone of the region. Consequently, a more complete realization of the potential of the three studied varieties was also observed in the Northern zone of the region