Don state agrarian University
Author list of organization
List of articles written by the authors of the organization
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THE USE OF FEED COMPLEX PALUTENA P-2 IN THE DIET OF THE AFRICAN BLACK OSTRICH
DescriptionThe article presents a research on the influence of Felucene P-2 on the growth of black African ostriches, as well as on the hematological parameters of the blood of ostriches. For the experiment, two groups of ostriches, aged 2 months, were formed: the first one received a standard diet, the second - the Felucene p-2 feed complex was added to the standard diet. As a result of the conducted research, it was found that Felucene P-2 is an effective feed complex of domestic production, allowing under equal conditions of feeding and maintenance to increase the growth and development of young ostriches. From the age of 120 days, an increase in the average daily increase in the live weight of black African ostriches was recorded, and high growth energy of the bird was observed up to the age of 240 days
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IMPROVING THE CHEMICAL METHOD OF CONTROLLING WEEDS ON SUNFLOWER
06.01.01 General agriculture, crop production (agricultural sciences)
DescriptionCurrently, there is no effective chemical protection of sunflower crops against dicotyledonous weeds during the growing season of the crop, except for systems that provide for the use of herbicides called Evro-Laiting, Zonator or Express. The disadvantage of these systems is the limited composition of cultivated sunflower hybrids and high costs. The article presents a research on the development of an effective system of chemical protection of sunflower crops against dicotyledonous and monocotyledonous weeds during the growing season of the crop. The greatest effect in the suppression of weeds in sunflower crops was observed by application of the herbicides Goal 2E and Senator on the germination of crop. In these versions of the experiment, the highest seed yield and oil harvest are also noted. However, the use of the Zonator is limited only to drug-resistant sunflower hybrids. The use of the herbicide Goal 2E is possible on any varieties and hybrids of sunflower. Despite the damage to the first two real sunflower leaves when using the herbicide Goal 2E for vegetation, the plants are fully restored, which does not significantly affect the productivity of the crop. The proposed schemes for using herbicides can improve the technological and economic efficiency of controlling monocotyledonous and dicotyledonous weeds in sunflower crops
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HEMATOLOGICAL STATUS OF DOGS USING A BIOSTIMULATOR DEP
DescriptionIn veterinary practice, feed biologically active additives of plant and animal origin are widely used to improve digestion and absorption of nutrients, as well as to correct the normalization of metabolism. One of these biologically active drugs is denatured emulsified placenta (DEP) which has antiviral, anti-inflammatory, and immunomodulating properties. Therefore, the purpose of our research was to study the effect of DEP on the morphological composition of dog blood. During the research, it was found that the number of red blood cells in dogs of the control group was 1.57% or 0.12 x 1012/l more than in the experimental group. Erythrocytes of dogs in the control group had 0.37% more volume than the same indicator in the experimental group. However, each red blood cell of animals in the experimental groups was characterized by a high content of hemoglobin in it by 1.6%. Before the start of the experiment, the number of lymphocytes in the blood of dogs in the control and experimental groups was 4.07 and 2.34%, respectively, below the minimum reference value. The number of monocytes and granulocytes in the peripheral blood of dogs in the control group was 0.23 and 1.49% higher, respectively, than in the control group. The platelet content was higher in the control group than in the experimental group by 49.38 x 109/l or 27.3%. Changes that occur in the body of dogs under the action of a biostimulator indicate an increase in the production of antibodies to protect the body from infections and ensure the animal's immunity. They completely regulate the immune system
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MORPHOLOGICAL AND CHEMICAL PARAMETERS OF OSTRICH EGGS
DescriptionThe article carries out an analysis of morpho-chemical parameters of ostrich eggs when l-carnitine is included in the diet. Studies were conducted on two groups of ostriches: I-received a standard diet, II-to the standard diet received L-carnitine at a rate of 300 mg per 1 kg of feed. From April to August we were studying the ostrich egg production, morphological composition of eggs, chemical composition of albumen and yolk, the amino acid composition of egg yolk, the level of cholesterol, fatty acids including saturated, unsaturated and polyunsaturated. It has been determined, that L-carnitine increases the egg production of ostriches by 24%. The weight of protein in the groups was 56.9-56.2%; yolk-27.6-26.7%; shell-16.4 -16.2%. The amount of cholesterol in the egg yolk of the 1st group ostriches was 12.2 mg, in the 2nd one it decreased by 7.4% (P>0.95) and amounted to 11.3 mg per gram of yolk. The level of amino acids in the egg yolk of the 1st and 2nd groups was approximately equal. The number of fatty acids in the 1st and 2nd groups was: saturated 39.5 and 39.7%, monounsaturated 49.99 and 49.80%, polyunsaturated 10.37 and 10.47% respectively. The sum of unsaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids in ostrich eggs was 60.36 - 60.27%. The sum of ω3 and ω6 fatty acids is 10.18 and 10.25%. Ratio ω3: ω6-1: 3,3. The ratio of polyunsaturated to saturated acids was approximately 1:3, and polyunsaturated + monounsaturated to saturated-1.52 units (approximately 1.5 : 1).
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Description
An important factor in improving the efficiency of production in the agro-industrial sector is to improve the quality of poultry products and their processing. The article presents the dynamics of the influence of stimulating drugs on the productive qualities of the black African ostrich. The reserves of increasing the production of eggs of black African ostriches and its quality due to the use of stimulating drugs were revealed. The effect of the use of the drug called "Radostin Vitasil" on the chemical composition of eggs, egg production of black African ostriches is shown. The obtained research results convincingly prove that the mass of ostrich eggs of the experimental groups significantly exceeded the control by 5.45 and 3.11%, respectively. Changes in the mass of white and yolk of the egg of ostriches of experimental groups as a result of feeding the drug "Radostin Vitasil" affected the ratio of white/yolk, which slightly decreased towards the optimal. There was a significant difference in the content of carotenoids and vitamin A in the egg yolk of the I experimental group by 10.98% and 10.05%, in the II experimental group-9.15% and 6.35%, in comparison with similar indicators in the control group, respectively. There was an excess of vitamin E level in the eggs of the experimental groups in relation to the control by 6.73 and 3.42%. The results of incubation showed that the stimulating drug "Radostin Vitasil" had a positive effect on the process of embryonic development. The calculated economic efficiency of the drug "Radostin Vitasil" confirmed the feasibility of using this drug in the production of black African ostriches eggs
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EFFICIENCY OF HERBICIDES APPLICATION ON WINTER WHEAT CROPS
DescriptionTo increase productivity and quality, as well as to reduce the cost of production of winter wheat in the Central irrigated zone of the Rostov region is of great importance to find the most effective methods of agricultural culture, in particular, the protection of crops from weeds. The work determines most effective herbicides for pre-germination use against annual dicotyledonous, including resistant to 2,4-D and MCPA, and some perennial root-spray weeds in the Central irrigated zone of the Rostov region. The efficiency of different terms of application of the herbicide called Ballerina on winter wheat crops in the Central irrigated zone of the Rostov region was studied. The greatest biological effectiveness of herbicides is provided by spraying winter wheat crops in the tillering phase with Ballerina herbicide with the norm of 0.3 l/ ha. We have discovered low biological effectiveness of Gerbitox herbicide against Matricaria inodora (L.), Fumaria officinalis (L.), Artemisia vulgaris (L.) and Cirsium arvense (L.). Best experience quality indicators of winter wheat grain were observed in the variant with the lowest contamination of crops when spraying in the phase of tillering a Ballerina herbicide 0.3 l/ha. The content of trash was 7.1%, nature 790 g/l, gluten content of 26.4 %, group 2 quality, and the commodity class – 3. Good quality indicators were also observed in the variant with Ballerina herbicide treatment of 0.5 l/ha in the tube exit phase. The highest level of profitability was obtained when spraying winter wheat crops in the tillering phase with Ballerina herbicide 0.3 l / ha-116%, and the lowest on the control was without treatment with herbicides - 74%
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MEAT QUALITY OF DUCKS GROWN ON DIETS WITH DIFFERENT CONCENTRATIONS OF BENTO-CLAY
DescriptionObtaining maximum productivity and reducing production costs are the main challenges facing livestock producers in modern conditions. To achieve the effectiveness of the poultry industry, we carried out a research in the utilities sector of the Rostov Region, the purpose of which was to study the effectiveness of the use of a feed additive – bento-clay in the diet of ducklings grown for meat. In the research, we study the influence of various doses of the feed on the diet and growth of ducklings. Experimental research data showed that the introduction of bento-clay into the diet of ducklings as a feed additive allowed to increase live weight, average daily gain, the safety of ducklings, the mass of half-gutted and gutted carcasses, the yield of edible parts, and meat quality compared to the control group. Thus, bento-clay influenced the increase in the water-holding ability of ducklings meat, which contributed to the improvement of its technological properties. Therefore, at three weeks of age, the live weight of ducklings was 11.5% -18.2% more than ducklings of the control group, and at seven weeks of age this difference was 8.4-12%, respectively, and the average daily increase was 7.2 -14.1% with high safety
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MEAT PRODUCTIVITY OF BULL CALVES UNDER INTENSIVE REARING
DescriptionThe article presents a comparative assessment of the meat productivity of young cattle of the two most common intensive meat breeds in the Russian Federation (Aberdeen Angus and Hereford) in comparison with the most numerous native in the South of the country domestic breed, which is Kalmyk. Intensive rearing from 9 to 18 months of age was carried out in the conditions of industrial fattening complex on rations not containing juicy forages. In the process of 273-day intensive rearing, in bulls of the tested breeds average daily live weight gains from 1455 to 1526 grams were achieved. During this period, an absolute increase was obtained in Aberdeen-Angus bulls-416.6 kg, in peers of Hereford and Kalmyk breeds-413.6 and 397.2 kg. The highest pre-slaughter live weight and slaughter rates were noted in Aberdeen-Angus bulls, having a yield of a pair carcass of 59.4 % and a slaughter yield of 62.8 %. The meat of Aberdeen-Angus bulls has the highest content of fat and dry matter, but they have less protein, lower pH and moisture binding capacity and a higher loss of meat juice during cooking, compared with the bulls of the Kalmyk breed. It was confirmed that the coefficients of transformation of protein and energy into products are closely related to the intensity of growth and weight of the carcass. The most effective of these indicators were in bulls of Aberdeen-Angus, then Hereford and Kalmyk breeds. A similar pattern between the breeds was manifested in terms of profitability and cost recovery
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THE RATIONALE OF THE RIGID CHARACTERISTICPARAMETERS OF THE COMBINE HARVESTERS OF HIGH PERFORMANCE
05.20.00 Processes and machines of agroengineering systems
DescriptionThe purpose of the study was to substantiate the rigid parameters of tyres in propulsion units for the combine harvesters of high performance. A research method is analytical with the use of a mathematical model of the combine harvester in which damping and rigidity of the drive axle tyres in circumferential and radial directions are taken into account. Values of the rational rigid characteristics of the pneumatic tyre have been generally determined by the ability of the tyre to be deformed so that to reduce the angular, vertical and horizontal skeleton oscillations of a combine harvester to ensure the high-quality technological process of the threshing and harvesting. The specified circumstance gains the special importance at the development and introduction of the new tyre modes for the combine harvesters of high performance. The analysis of the conducted analytical researches has been showed the expediency of using the threads of a cord in the propulsion unit of combine harvesters instead of diagonal or radial tyres of the same standard size with an original position of them. The offered pneumatic tyre of 30.5E-32 used as the leading one, and promotes the reduction of the angular oscillation amplitude and operating speed of a combine and also angular and vertical accelerations up to 1.42 times
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FATTENING QUALITIES AND MEAT PRODUCTIVITY OF SALSKAYA SHEEP BREED OF IMPROVED GENOTYPES
DescriptionImprovement of domestic breeds of Merino sheep remains an important task. The reorientation of the industry to wool-meat and meat-wool direction of productivity can contribute to the restoration of domestic sheep breeding. An example of such conversion is a relatively young breed called Dzhalginsky Merino, created in the Stavropol region on the basis of the Stavropol breed with the involvement of resources of domestic and world breeding. In the current situation, it seems relevant to use Dzhalginsky Merino, in order to improve the meat and wool qualities of sheep of domestic fine-wool breeds. Obtaining a new genetic combination of animals, formed by combining the genotypes of breeds Salsky, Stavropol and Dzhalginsky Merino will increase the efficiency of the industry in a market economy and will provide a more complete use of the productive potential of the breed. The results of studies on obtaining and use of animals, new genetic combinations of a wool – meat direction of productivity, with high energy of growth, meat and wool productivity, improves the efficiency of Merino sheep are an important theoretical justification for making a contribution to zootechnical science, with the aim of improving fine-wool breeds of sheep and can be used in practical work in the production of high quality lamb