The state scientific institution Anapsky zone experimental station of wine growing and winemaking of the NCZSRIGandW of the Russian academy of agricultural sciences
Author list of organization
List of articles written by the authors of the organization
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GRAPE SORTIMENT OF TWO KUBAN ZONES
06.00.00 Agricultural sciences
Description
Results of four-year (2004-2007) researches of perspective technical grape varieties by contrast zones of Krasnodar region : in central- Antaris, Beisug, Cabernek, Clairette Temryk, Litdar, Merlok, Muscat Kuban, Rislinalk, Risling Kuban, Shardonek, in Anapa-Krasnostop AZOS, Rubin AZOS and to the memory of Zotkina, were cited in the article. It was shown their superiority under control varieties. Ampelographical screening of gene pool was carried out in subzone Temryk on the plot of I.G. Karas’ in 2007 and in the result of which there were selected some perspective varieties: Arcadia, Victoria, Hybrid 342, Long-waited , Lora, Original.
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06.00.00 Agricultural sciences
Description
In the article the effects of examinations on influence of a vascular necrosis on a survival of shanks of grapes of breed Saperavi inoculated on stock RхR 101-14 are introduced
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SPECIES COMPOSITION OF FUNGI ISOLATED FROM DISEASED VINES VASCULAR NECROSIS
06.00.00 Agricultural sciences
Description
The article presents the results of studies on the species composition of fungi isolated from seedlings of grapes affected by vascular necrosis
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06.00.00 Agricultural sciences
Description
The studies revealed that the application of spirits as a strength agent of 91.0 - 96.6% in special wines contained more vitamin-like substances than wine, alcoholized with double-distilled water with 75% alcohol concentration. The highest marks for tasting wines were given to the options made with the use of rectified grain origin alcohol as an agent of alcohol. Application of double-distilled water wine leads to accumulation of unnecessarily high undesirable groups of compounds such as methanol and fusel oil, thereby reducing the quality of the wine. Organoleptic parameters were the best for selection of wines from Anapa ZOSViV - Dionysus and Krasnostop EPA, as well as - Cabernet Sauvignon. We can conclude that for the production of high-quality red dessert wines we need, along with the classic varieties, wider use of new autochthonous varieties using alcohol agents of rectified grain origin
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DESCRIPTION OF CERTAIN ASPECTS OF THE PRODUCTION POTENTIAL OF SOILS TAMAN PENINSULA
Description
The work presents the results of the scientific research in the Taman Peninsula soil properties. We carry out the historic review of the studies in the Taman Peninsula soils, and its geological structure. We present morphological characteristics of the soil profile for the southern, calcareous, ultra heavy loam chernozem developed from the loessial loams and forming genetic horizons. The studies of the humus content in the soils show the associations between its percentage and the type and intensity of the agricultural use. Studies of the soils structure and composition demonstrate marked aggravation of the soils physical properties caused by grape growing. The best results of the particle size analysis have been achieved for the woodland soils. In woodlands, after their establishment, the soils under the grass and crown layers develop free of the anthropogenic impact. We register self-supporting growth of organic matter and natural processes of soil fertility recovery; therefore, such soils are characterized with a greater content of organic matter as compared to the soils under grape plantings cultivated in the monoculture regime. Reduced soil organic matter (humus) content in vineyards results from the disturbed biological interchange of the matter and increased anthropogenic impact causing erosion processes
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NEW VARIETIES AND FORMATIONS OF GRAPES ROOTSTOCKS
06.00.00 Agricultural sciences
Description
In the modern wine growing, for fighting against root phylloxera an inoculation of European-Asian grapes varieties on rootstocks steady against this wrecker is used. In this article we present the information about the types of rootstocks of domestic and foreign breeding used in the modern branch of wine growing. The area of their use is described; the useful properties of rootstocks and their demerits are highlighted. The purpose of this work is creating new grapes rootstocks which wouldn't have the merits of existing rootstocks. The short description of the grapes rootstocks which were created in the Anapa Zonal Experimental Station of wine growing and winemaking such as AZOS-1, AZOS-2, AZOS-3, AZOS-4, AZOS-5 and AZOS-6 is given in the article. It is indicated that these rootstocks have a high resistance to a leaf form of phylloxera, to chlorosis and to some other diseases of a grapes bush. They have the short period of vegetation, high quantity of standard cutting from hectare and other useful properties. In the article the description of a new formation of rootstocks grapes bushes of "AOS- 1" and "AOS-2" with a free trail shoots is given. This construction of grapes bush is developed by the Anapa's Zonal Experimental Station of wine growing and winemaking. We have also given all the advantages of this forming in comparison with other designs of grapes bushes. It is especially noted that use of this forming of bushes increases the productivity per men in the process of bushes scrap and preparation of cutting; the expenditures on the struggle against diseases and wreckers on the vineyards are reduced; the quantity standard of grapes cutting increases by 27-33%
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PHYLLOXERA-RESISTANT HYBRID FORM OF GRAPES OF TECHNICAL SORTS FOR IMPROVING THE ASSORTMENT
06.00.00 Agricultural sciences
Description
Many old varieties of grapes do not meet modern requirements, so there is a need for improved assortment of new high-quality varieties. The translation of the vineyards of the black sea coast of the Krasnodar region on inoculated culture is not fully decided the fate of the viticulture of the area. Weak resistance of American rootstocks to increased content of calcium and salts in the soil, caused the weakening of the bushes, reducing the vigor of the shoots, their maturation and yield of grape plantations in some areas of the district while reducing their quality indicators. In this regard, the development of new high-yielding varieties suitable for own-rooted viticulture remains the most urgent task for breeders. The article shows the potential of many years of breeding work and study of grapes of technical varieties in Anapa Zone Station, tolerant to phylloxera and resistant to fungal diseases and frost, with high quality products and gives a brief description of some prominent grape varieties
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EFFECTS OF EMILIANOS ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS ON FORMATION OF QUALITATIVE INDICATORS OF WINES
06.00.00 Agricultural sciences
Description
Grapes are product of areas. Grape plant is very plastic and can grow on almost all types of soils except highly saline, fusion and wetlands. In studies of many authors, it was indicated the influence of different soil types and their properties on the growth of the vine plants, the quality of berries and their products. The object of study is soils and vines growing on them, laws and processes affecting the formation of grape production. Research methods are expeditions, field and laboratory. The article presents data on the effect of agrochemical soil properties (pH, solid residue, the amount of aqueous extract ions, chlorine ions, alkalinity (НSO3¯), calcium ion, magnesium ion, total carbonate, active carbonates, nitrate nitrogen, mobile phosphorus, exchangeable potassium , humus, humus reserves) on the formation of the harvest of grapes and wine products (tasting score, the extract, the amount of phenolic compounds, the amount of organic acids, the amount of amino acids, metal ions, potassium ions, sodium metal, magnesium ions, calcium ions, the amount of metal ions). With the help of statistical data, we can establish the effect of weather conditions on the formation of 2009-2011 qualitative wines of Cabernet Sauvignon
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STUDY OF SOIL WATER REGIME ON VINEYARDS OF ANAPA - TAMAN SUBZONE
06.00.00 Agricultural sciences
Description
One of the limiting factors to obtain high yields of grape plantations in Anapa-Taman subzones with good quality is moisture. Grape plant adapts well to a limited amount of moisture in the soil. The penetration of roots deep into the soil horizons may reach 5-6 meters, provided with a moderate density of the soil and the lack of limiting factors such as the presence of ground water and limiting the content of toxic soluble salts. In the course of mathematical data processing we have established a trend of increasing average annual rate of precipitation in the period from 1932 to 2015. In the years when the amount of precipitation for the year exceeds the average long-term performance, the key amount of precipitation in the summer months in a downpour and in a limited area. Average annual amount of precipitation in the period from 1932 to 2015 was 519 mm, the minimum was recorded in 2002 (324 mm), the maximum - in 1981 (800 mm). Despite the general trend of increasing average annual rainfall over the years, moisture deficit is in the soil. Accounting of moisture saving dynamics in the soil in the 2015-2016's indicates the absence of moisture reserves. Optimal soil moisture values were observed only in May and June, and only half meter layer of soil. In the phase of growth and ripening berries (July, August, September) soil moisture content was much lower than the permissible value, which is comparable with the level of wilting point. For the stable-quality grape raw materials it is necessary to pay more attention to the water and the air regime of the soil
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GRAPE VARIETIES OF THE ANAPA AMPELOGRAPHIC COLLECTION AND THEIR USE IN BREEDING WORK
06.00.00 Agricultural sciences
Description
In the world, huge work is being done to create global information banks of plant genetic resources. The need for conservation and rational use of genetic resources in modern conditions has become very relevant. Genetic collections are the basis for selection work: creating new varieties, replenishing the assortment with new, classic, introduced and native varieties, adapted to the natural (soil and climatic) conditions of the cultivation sites. In the Anapa ampelographic collection, 4911 varieties of various ecogeographical and genetic origin are represented, the use of which provides great opportunities for creating and breeding new varieties, their state testing and zoning. In the gene pool of the ampelographic collection, most varieties of V. vinifera L. grapes are represented by local honeycombs of different regions of the grape culture, and more than one fourth of varieties of V. vinifera L. are obtained from intraspecific crossings. Despite the value of local varieties of grapes, they do not always meet all the requirements of production. Therefore, to improve the local assortment, it is necessary to carry out selection - breeding new varieties of grapes. This article presents the long-term results of the work on the selection of varieties of table and technical directions in the Anapa ampelographic collection used for breeding. Also, the role of the genetic collection in the creation of new generation varieties by combinative selection is shown - as donors for creating new varieties of grapes. Dedicated varieties are the sources of valuable traits, which are given primary importance and are especially important for the viticulture of the Russian Federation
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