Russian State Agrarian University of K.A.Timiryazev
Author list of organization
List of articles written by the authors of the organization
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APOLLON – THE NEW WINE HIGH QUALITY GRAPE VARIETY WITH BLACK BERRY
06.00.00 Agricultural sciences
Description
Universal black-berry Apollo grape has been launched in Greece by P.Zamanidi, L.Troshin and A.Isachkin in 2003 with combinative selection - crossing of the Fi-lery Greek variety with the French Cabernet-Sauvignon. The duration of the production period 136-145 days. The strength of growth of arms is strong (2,1-3,0 m), the degree of maturation of the vines is high. Crop yields are very high - 35-40 t/ha. The aver-age mass of clusters is 430 g. It is characterized by high winter hardiness, drought-resistance and high resistance to fungal diseases in comparison with varie-ties of Vitis vinifera. The flower is bisexual. Cluster is big or very big, conical with the wing, loose. Berries are medium or large, oval, blue-black in color, with a thick wax coating. The skin is thick. The pulp and juice - with varietal flavor. Sugar content is high. Notable for long saving the harvest in the bushes, well-kept in the cooler cells. The variety is meant for the fresh consumption and for manufacture of red dry, desert and sweet wines; suitable for production of high-quality juices
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Description
The article examines the issues of increasing the efficiency of the system of technical operation of mobile agricultural machinery by means of monitoring the state of units and aggregates of the latter through diagnostics. The problems of complex diagnostics of diesel fuel equipment are investigated. The urgency of diagnosing a fuel injection pump without dismantling from the engine is shown from technical, economic and environmental points of view. The effect of operational malfunctions of some devices of fuel equipment on parameters of its operation as a whole is analyzed. On the basis of the analysis of diagnostic devices application, their grouping is suggested. The parameters to be studied in connection with peculiarities to decide whether it is possible to estimate the technical state of the fuel injection pump without dismantling from the internal combustion engine are indicated. Based on peculiarities of the fuel injection pump technical state estimation, a research program is developed and the results of the research are presented. Specific features of testing the fuel injection pump are indicated. Analysis of the results of the research shows that a smaller error in the change of the cyclic fuel feed rates supplied by the fuel injection sections takes place at the engine speed corresponding to the indicated power. The conclusion is made that the presented research results can be used as a basis for developing a technique (technology) for diagnosing the fuel injection pump without dismantling from the internal combustion engine
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INVESTIGATION OF ADVANCED MEANS TO REDUCE THE DAMAGE OF TUBERS WHILE POTATO MACHINE HARVESTING
Description
The most labor- and energy-intensive part of potato machine production technology is harvesting which is done mainly with harvesters. Modern potato harvesters meet the required efficiency data in favorable conditions. In erroneous conditions (primarily characterized by high or low soil moisture) the efficiency of separating the tubers from impurities is reduced, and the loss and damage of the products increase. This situation is due to the imperfection of the separation device of potato harvesters. Up to 1000 tons of soil per 1 ha is separated at the separation device in the process of harvesting. As a result, the potato harvesters capacity on the whole is determined by their separators output. Nowadays, rod elevators are most widespread and used. One of the main drawbacks is the significant increase of tubers damage in a case of low soil moisture mainly caused by the contact of the tubers pile with the side frames of the harvesting machine. From the above reasoning, one can confirm that the increase of capacity and functioning quality of potato harvesters’ separation devices is an urgent scientific-and-technical task of agriculture
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MARIA CALLAS – THE NEW WINE HIGH-GRADE FRAGRANT PINK-BERRY GRAPE BREED
06.00.00 Agricultural sciences
Description
Maria Callas is the new wine high-grade fragrant pink-berry breed, bred in Greece by Panteley Zamanidi, Leonid Troshin and Alexander Isachkin in 2003 by mating of Greek breed of Roditis with Traminer pink. Under morpho-physiological characteristics, it is included in ecological and geographical group of breeds of the Western Europe. Duration of productive phase is 146-155 days. A breed is strong grown; a degree of ripening of a vine is very high. Productivity is high. The medial mass of racemations is 180 gr. Differs with high winter-hardiness, drought resistance and raised sustainability to fungous diseases in comparison with breeds of Vitis vinifera. The flower is bisexual. A racemation is medial, conic with medial denseness. Bacca is medial, oval, pink color, with a dense wax coating. Peel is tight. Pulp is juicy with strongly expressed high quality flavour. Sugar content is high. Baccas become dry and raisin-like when overrippen and are duratingly maintained on scrubs: sugar content thus attains more than 30 %. The breed is designed for production of dry white wines of excellent quality, and also high-grade dessert and sweet wines; it is applicable for production of high-grade juice, compotes and jam as well; at drying of baccas the raisin of high quality with fragrant tender tang is gained
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MATHEMATICAL SIMULATION IN MAN-AGEMENT OF INVESTMENT ATTRACTION OF AGRO INDUSTRIAL COMPLEX
Description
A set of routines is developed for decision support systems in the area of state budget financing of activi-ties, which are aimed at improving competitiveness of agro-industrial complex in financial markets via reducing investment risks. The parameters of the state support for a set of projects recommended for implementation in the Krasnodar region are estimated
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Description
The article deals with the improvement of information management investment and innovation in agricultural organizations
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NEW TECHNICAL SOLUTIONS FOR A SEPARATION OF THE ORGANS OF POTATO MACHINERY
Description
One of the promising directions of development of agriculture of the Russian Federation is to increase the production, improve the quality and decrease the cost of potato cultivation. Annual cleaning is one of the most intense and costly in transport and technological processes. Potatoes - blending high culture and very picky about cleaning. The highest yields and income from potato production get where embedded technology to optimize energy and labor costs. The main (though not only) the special technical means used during machine harvesting potatoes, are potato harvesters. The main problem when cleaning is a problem of balancing conflicting requirements to the process and possibilities of agricultural machinery. Including increasing the purity of the tubers in the container with one hand, minimization of losses and damages of tubers on the other hand, when the performance of equipment. In this article we propose a circuit-design solution separating the working body of the potato harvester that allow for cleaning to significantly reduce the amount of traumatized potatoes in the process of separating soil and vegetable impurities, creating the preconditions for the elimination of damage to the tubers on the hard side of the working bodies of harvesting machines. Informed choice and timely use of plug-in modules (separating working bodies) in modern potato harvesting machines at work in specific climatic conditions allows them to fully match the list of regulated agronomic requirements. Thus, the creation of new science-based technical solutions for a separation of the organs of potato harvesters is an actual scientific-technical task, which makes a significant contribution to the development of the country
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Description
Stages of connecting metal and glass process are elucidated in the article, the hypothesis about possibility of wide use of glass as hydropneumatic cylinders working surface is viewed, possibility of use of the 3D technology in the considered process is estimated
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SUBSTANTIATION OF THE SIZE OF A COMBINED DEVICE FOR TILLAGE AND SOWING
05.20.01 Technologies and means of mechanization of agriculture (technical sciences)
Description
The article presents a methodological approach to the rational selection of the optimal working width by the example of a combined tillage unit using original software. To select the optimal working width of a combined soil cultivating unit, the initial data are: make (type) of the tractor (power tool), unit cost of the machine and tractor unit in comparable prices, production time of the machine and tractor unit to perform the technological operation at a given operating speed with a clear compliance with agrotechnical requirements, both to the technological operation itself, and, directly, to the agricultural machine. As an example, we consider a combined semi-mounted modular tillage and sowing unit for grain crops and the MTZ-82.1 tractor. In this unit, the main working bodies are S-shaped spring teeth and rollers. Based on the performed analytical studies of the pre-sowing (surface) tillage process and the application of theoretical modeling methods, mathematical dependencies have been developed to determine and further analyze the energy-technological parameters of combined tillage units with dynamic working bodies. The performed calculations according to the developed method allow us to choose the optimal working width of the combined soil cultivating unit
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EVALUATION OF TURF QUALITY FOR COOL SEASON SPECIES AND CULTIVARS
06.00.00 Agricultural sciences
Description
Series of field and laboratory studies were conducted from 2011 to 2012 in Russian State Agrarian University to evaluate a collection of 4 turf grass species and 15 cultivars for quality, summer density, ground cover and germination percentage. During 2 experimental seasons the plants have been growing with the extensive treatments. Turf quality was evaluated visually using a 1 to 9 scale. The two-way analysis of variance was used to identify genotype’s effects on density, ground cover and germination percentage
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