Federal State Scientific Establishment «The Russian scientific research institute of land improvement problems»
Author list of organization
List of articles written by the authors of the organization
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EFFECT OF DRIP IRRIGATION ON SOIL SALINIZATION
06.00.00 Agricultural sciences
Description
The article presents the results of researching into the effect of drip irrigation on build-up of soil salinity using water with high salt content and the dynamics of changes during winter period under atmospheric precipitation. It was established that at the end of irrigation season zones with high salt content formed on the soil surface under drip irrigation using sodium sulfate water, among these salts gypsum was presented. In spring time the increasing of sodium sulfate content was found that indicates the exchange reaction with soil exchange complex passed as well as the insufficient salt leaching occurred during the winter period. In spring time the upper soil layer characterized with alkaline type of soil salinization
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IMPACT OF AN AMENDMENT FOR SOIL STRUCTURE IMPROVING ON SOIL AT SPRINKLING
06.00.00 Agricultural sciences
Description
The article presents the research results of the impact of amendment improving soil structure on soil upon sprinkler irrigation of agricultural lands. It is proposed to use artificial aggregation of soil for water erosion control via composition of structure-forming materials. The developed composition includes slagheap rock, bentonitic clay, claydite screenings, and shell limestone. Adjusted analytical relations of the impact of the amendment on runoff coefficient depending on the intensity of artificial rain upon irrigation of agricultural lands, slope, and water permeability have been revealed. Regression analysis of spectral surfaces has shown that slope of irrigation site has a significant impact on the increasing of runoff coefficient values, while correlation coefficient equals to 0.97. Water permeability has negative correlation, -0.85, with increasing the values of runoff coefficient. The relation between runoff coefficient and intensity of artificial rain is less strong, 0.89. We have determined that applying of the given amendment provides decreasing of runoff coefficient by 15 % depending on the slope of irrigation site, and by 20 % depending on rain intensity. Experts in the field of land reclamation can use obtained analytical relations for predicting surface soil loss when estimating the efficiency of amendment applying to control soil erosion activities at agricultural lands
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06.00.00 Agricultural sciences
Description
The results of researches of influence of different irrigation modes on productivity of cultures and efficiency of use of irrigating water at cultivation of potatoes, cabbages, onions, tomatoes and cucumbers in the conditions of an irrigation are resulted in the article
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06.00.00 Agricultural sciences
Description
The article presents the results for the study of productivity and quality of vegetable crops in irrigated chains of crop rotation by using intermediate and green manure crops. The greatest number of units of grain produced in the first variant of the experiment, where in a part of crop rotation cultivated sweet corn, mustard as a green manure for potato and onion planting summer planting seeds in the ground and reached 37.4 tons of grain units. The infection of potato tubers with complex disease was lowest at the control variant and compose 11 %. The highest infection with diseases of potatoes fixed at the intermediate and without the use of Side-General culture and was 18 %, which is 63.6 % more than the control options. When we are using intermediate crops diseases of onion increased by 7,7–15,4 % in case of green manure using. When you include treatment of the soil under the previous culture it was the largest infest with diseases and was 16–17 %, which is by 23.1 and 30.8 % higher than in the control variant. Based on these results, we can conclude that the use of green manure crops and intermediates more favorable effect both on the productivity of the subsequent crops or the quality and marketability
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GROWING SUMMER POTATO WITH IRRIGATION ON FLOOD LANDS OF SOUTH RUSSIA
06.00.00 Agricultural sciences
Description
The article is devoted to the study of growth peculiarities of summer potato on floodplain lands of Southern Russia. High and stable yields in big farms are possible using substantiated planting time of potato which depends on specific soil – climatic conditions of the area as well as potato cultivation technology elements improvement under irrigation. The latter will provide in turn water and power resources economy. The results of field research to determine planting time allow defining the most favorable conditions for potato cultivation in the given soil-climatic zone. The analysis of data obtained on differential irrigation regimes gives a possibility to determine common regularities of irrigation standards impact on potato growth efficiency. The regime proposed is in conformity with the concept of ecological land reclamation and takes into account a moderate anthropogenic impact on landscape processes under a permissible level of summer potato productivity decrease. Therefore proposed optimal time of summer planting and rational irrigation regime will increase industrial efficiency of potato production and provide environmental safety of irrigation on floodplain lands of South Russia while allowing to economize water and power resources
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CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLE PEAS OF VARIOUS TERM OF CROPS ON THE IRRIGATED SOILS OF THE SOUTH OF RUSSIA
06.00.00 Agricultural sciences
Description
The efficiency, the vegetative period, duration of cleaning of grades of vegetable peas of various term of crops on the irrigated soils of the South of Russia are resulted in the article
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Description
The technique of a choice of the directions of restoration of the intraeconomic irrigating network, allowing to estimate the most effective of an existing number sprinkler irrigation machines (SIM) for the given site is offered in this article, taking into account the presence of an existing network, financial possibilities of the customer, a choice of a way of an irrigation etc. Estimation of the chosen way of restoration of an intraeconomic irrigating network is offered to be spent on three indicators: resource, technological and complex
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Description
The article presents constructive-technological schemes for sprinkling machines “Sprinkler console front” (SCF) series and hydraulic calculation of water supply components
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CRITERIA OF THE ESTIMATION AND CONDITION OF ANTIEROSION ACTIONS ON VARIOUS TYPES AGROLANDSCAPES
06.00.00 Agricultural sciences
Description
Criteria of an estimation and a condition of antierosion actions on various types of the agrolandscapes providing the termination or minimizing of erosive processes of soil and increase of productivity of erosioned unproductive soils are resulted in the article
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ESTIMATION PROCEDURE OF SEASONAL LOADING OF SPRINKLER IRRIGATION MACHINE
Description
The technique of the decision of a problem of technical and technological optimization of the acquisition and seasonal use of sprinkler irrigation machines, under available characteristics of distribution of the casual sizes of deficiency of water consumption of the chosen culture, in the concrete to agro- climatic zone is offered in the article. The basic condition of optimization, in the modern economic conditions, definition of an optimum indicator is recoupment of capital expenses for modernization or the device of the bringing networks, acquisition of sprinkler irrigation machines (SIM) and the organization of watering
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