Krasnodar Research Institute of Agricultural Products Storage and Processing
Author list of organization
List of articles written by the authors of the organization
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DEVELOPMENT OF ECOLOGICALLY SAFE EXPRESS-METHOD FOR QUALITY EVALUATION OF SOYBEAN LECITHINS
Description
The article presents data, on the basis of which we have concluded that the oil and phospholipids contained in soy lecithins, the degree of unsaturation of fatty acids differ significantly from oil and phospholipids contained in sunflower lecithins, with differences in the degree of unsaturation of fatty acids of oil and phospholipids contained in sunflower and soy lecithins, leads to differences in the content of resonating protons, and, consequently, the level of amplitude values of NMR signals of protons of the investigated lecithins. It is established that the values of the amplitudes of the NMR signals of protons of each of the four components of sunflower lecithins differ from the values of the amplitudes of the NMR signals of protons the component of soy lecithins, which confirms the differences in the composition and content of fatty acids lecithins studied. Considering quantitative characteristic of mass fraction of substances insoluble in acetone, i.e. phospholipids, is the sum of the amplitudes of the NMR signals of protons of the third (A3) and fourth (A4) component, was built the graphical dependence of the mass fraction of substances insoluble in acetone, from the value of (A3+A4)/ASIS, % which is described by the equation (correlation coefficient R2 =0,9911) of the following form: y=0,8177x +2.52. Based on these data, we have developed a rapid method of determining the mass fraction of substances insoluble in acetone, soy lecithin, eliminating the use of toxic organic solvents, is environmentally safe, which is protected by RF patent for the invention
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RUSSIAN AND FOREIGN EXPERIENCE OF THE APPLICATION OF BIOPREPARATIONS IN STORAGE OF FRUITS
Description
The article analyzes the ways of ensuring a stable quality and use of biopreparations patented in Russia and abroad. The most famous biopreparations developed by Russian scientists. The analysis of literature sources and patent information has show that the development of methods for storing plant raw materials with using biological protection means is actual. Research in the field of the use of biopreparations for the processing of agricultural products is of high practical importance, since they allow a significant reduction in losses during storage. The application of biological protection treatment technologies is the most effective, environmentally safe and economical way of preparing for storage of plant raw materials
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MODERN WAYS OF INULIN PRODUCTION FROM PLANT MATERIALS
Description
The article presents the results of the patent research in the field of modern production technologies of Inulin from plant material. It has been established that the differences of the currently known methods of production of inulin are concluded in selecting raw materials pretreatment inulin-containing modes type extractant and extraction methods, methods of purification inulincontaining extract and methods for producing the final product. A significant amount of Inulin production methods is based on use of freshly feedstock. A number of methods have been patented involving the extraction Inulin from plant raw materials previously stabilized by drying. In most of the methods, inulin extraction is carried out at elevated temperatures with water or aqueous salt solutions. Several technologies involve extraction with organic solvents at low temperatures. Have been patented several processes in which the extraction is replaced by a separation process using inulincontaining juice and physical and mechanical methods. Some of the known processes provide for the extraction process to further operations, such as blanching vegetable raw materials, sonication, vibration impact, processing enzymes. The most promising direction to improve manufacturing technology of inulin from fresh plant raw materials is to conduct research on the use of electromagnetic fields at microwave frequencies, the inactivating effects of which on enzyme systems is an established fact that, in turn, would eliminate the use of chemical agents for inactivation of oxidative enzymes. In addition, considering that more effective are the methods for the preparation of inulin from freshly harvested plant material, are relevant researches on development of innovative technologies to prepare it for storage and its storage, which will provide inhibition of unwanted biochemical and microbiological processes that occur during storage and lead to a loss of inulin
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WAYS TO PROVIDE STABILITY OF RAW MATERIAL DURING STORAGE
Description
The article analyzes the ways of ensuring a stable quality of fruit in the process of storage. The patented methods of storage, realization of which allows increasing of storage life of agricultural products by means of using low temperatures, regulating the content of gaseous medium in the storage, creating hermetic storing conditions, treating with chemical substances, using biopreparations, were systematized. The analysis of literature sources and patent information has show that the development of methods for storing plant raw materials with using biopreparations is up-to-date
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Description
The article analyzes the ways of ensuring a stable quality of vegetable raw materials in the process of storage and use of biopreparations patented in Russia and abroad. The search was conducted in the period from 1995 to 2015 on the databases of the patent agencies of the Russian Federation, the United States, Japan and the European Patent Organization. We have systematized the patented methods, the implementation of which can increase the shelf life of vegetable raw materials. The study led to the conclusion of the usefulness of developing innovative ways of ensuring a stable quality of vegetable raw materials in the process of storage using biopreparations
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WAYS TO PROVIDE STABILITY OF RAW MATERIAL DURING STORAGE
Description
An analysis of patented in Russia and abroad methods for providing preservation of plant products, particularly apples and pears, was carried out in the article. The patent search was made for the period from 1995 to 2015 in the databases of patent offices of the United States of America, Japan and European patent organization. The patented methods, realization of which allows increasing of storage life of agricultural products by means of using different kinds of electromagnetic radiation, regulating the content of gaseous medium in the storage, treating with chemical substances, inhibiting the microbiological processes, creating hermetic storing conditions, were systematized. The realized research allowed drawing a conclusion on the relevance of work in the field of search for new methods for providing stable quality of fruits in the process of storing, particularly with the use of electromagnetic fields of very low frequency
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Description
The article provides an overview of Express-methods of quality evaluation and identification of lipidcontaining plant raw materials (oil seeds) and its processed products (oil cakes, oilseed meals, vegetable oils, lecithins) using pulse method of nuclear magnetic resonance. Development of express methods of quality evaluation and identification of lipid-containing plant raw materials and products of its processing is a priority, as these methods are environmentally safe and also allow us to regulate technological conditions of refining processes, are characterized by low error of determination, i.e., high precision, and, in some cases, it is only possible to use because of its non-destructive effects on the analyzed sample. Currently, we can distinguish the following main directions of quality evaluation and identification of lipid-containing plant raw materials and products of its processing on the basis of the pulse method of nuclear magnetic resonance: assessment of quality and identification of oilseeds (sunflower, canola, flax, soybeans); evaluation of quality of products of processing of oil raw materials (cake and meal); the quality evaluation and identification of vegetable oils; assessment of the quality of the lecithins obtained from vegetable oils. The methods of quality evaluation and identification of lipid-containing plant raw materials and its products are patented and have several advantages: short time (5 minutes) spent on the implementation of the single analysis; eliminates the use of toxic chemicals; does not require special training of laboratory personnel; non-destructive character, which is especially important for oilseeds from the point of view of breeding work. On the basis of the conducted survey we can conclude that the pulse method of nuclear magnetic resonance has found wide application for assessment of quality and identification of lipidcontaining plant raw materials and products of its processing, through rapid capabilities, high accuracy and ease of analysis
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Description
The article presents a comparative assessment and peculiarities of nuclear magnetic relaxation characteristics of rapeseed and sunflower lecithin. It was established, that lecithin’s nuclear magnetic relaxation characteristics, namely, protons’ spin-spin relaxation time and amplitudes of nuclear magnetic relaxation signals of lecithin components, depend on content of oil’s fat acids and phospholipids, contained in the lecithin. Comparative assessment of protons’ spin-spin relaxation time of rapeseed and sunflower lecithin components showed, that for their identification protons’ spin-spin relaxation time of the lecithin’ first component at 40°C and 60°C temperature, when differences in values of protons’ spin-spin relaxation time of the sunflower and rapeseed lecithin’ first component are most obvious, should be used as an analytical parameter. Comparative assessment of amplitudes of proton’s NMR signals of sunflower and rapeseed lecithin components showed, that relations, established earlier for sunflower lecithin between mass share of phospholipids (substances insoluble in acetone) and the sum of amplitudes of proton’s NMR signals of the third and fourth components, cannot be applied to rapeseed lecithin; that is for the development of an express method for determination of mass share of substances insoluble in acetone (phospholipids) in rapeseed lecithin, it is necessary to carry out additional research with the purpose of clarifying the mentioned relations
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Description
In recent decades, Russia has increased the demand for high oleic sunflower oil and, consequently, for the raw material from which it is derived – high oleic sunflower seeds. Currently existing methods of control of mass fraction of oleic acid in the seed oil of sunflower, have significant drawbacks, due to which sharply raises the question of the development of the Express methods of control of mass fraction of oleic acid. The study presents the results of determining the mass fraction of oleic acid in the oil of sunflower seeds, obtained by known methods (GC and ri), and developed a method based on NMR. The developed method of determining the mass fraction of oleic acid in sunflower seed oil has a number of advantages compared with the known: is not destructive (does not require the extraction of oil from seeds), does not require special sample preparation excludes the use of toxic chemicals, the analysis duration is 5 minutes, ensuring high representativeness of the sample, and the simplicity and automation of the analysis process reduces the requirements for qualifications of laboratory personnel. The developed method of determining the mass fraction of oleic acid in the oil of sunflower seeds can be carried out simultaneously with the determination of oil and moisture content of seeds on commercially available analyzers, but I hope it 1006М, which is currently applied at more than 250 companies of oil and fat industry
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Description
The article presents the comparative characteristics of the current (diffusion) and developed (diffusion-press) sucrose extraction technology from sugar beet cossettes. We have presented the graphs of the influence of raw juice pumping value on its cleanliness and residual content of sucrose in partially desugared beet cossetes, the influence of partially desugared beet cossetes pressing power on residual content of sucrose in the pressed pulp and losses of sucrose with pressed pulp and also the technological scheme and regimes of diffusion-press extraction of sucrose from sugar beet cossettes. The criteria for determining the boundary parameters of diffusion and press sucrose extraction stages are identified. The comparative assessment of technological and economic indicators of the existing and the developed technologies of sucrose extraction from the beet cossettes is shown. The developed technology allows reducing raw juice pumping value simultaneously increasing its purity, thereby providing reduction of auxiliary materials and energy resources consumption, as well as increasing sugar yield. The technology of diffusion-press extraction of sucrose is implemented on 2 sugar beet factories of the Russian Federation. The economic effect from its implementation is more than 45 mln. rubles
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