Rostov Cancer Research Institute
Author list of organization
List of articles written by the authors of the organization
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HIFU: PROSPECTS OF APPLICATION IN ONCOUROLOGY
Description
Prostate cancer (PC) is one of the most frequently malignant neoplasms in the worldwide male population. Back in the 90's began a promising noninvasive method of high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) as an alternative to radical prostatectomy for the treatment of localized prostate cancer was used. Information about the destructive histological effect by HIFU has been known since the 1930, however, the clinical implementation of this technology due to the absence at the time visualization capabilities for monitoring during the procedure has been postponed. In this paper, an overview of published data on the HIFU clinical application in prostate cancer as a major, "saving" and focal therapy. Examples of a favorable combination of this method are also provided with pharmacological agents. Based on the analysis of clinical data, we can say that HIFU is a good alternative minimally invasive therapeutic modality for patients with prostate cancer who are not candidates for radical prostatectomy. Applying of HIFU is possible as a treatment option with local recurrence after external radiotherapy, with careful selection of patients is important, depending on prognostic factors
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CLINICAL AND MORPHOLOGICAL FACTORS AND PREDICTION PARAMETERS OF CELL CYCLE IN ESOPHAGEAL CANCER
Description
The aim of the study is to compare the traditional clinicopathologic factors and prognosis of cell cycle parameters, such as ploidy, cell cycle kinetics, as well as the study of DNA content in the tumor tissue of patients with esophageal cancer. Cancer of the esophagus - a very aggressive malignant disease, most commonly manifested impaired swallowing. As a rule, this type of cancer pathology is characterized by unfavorable outcome. Ploidy and cell proliferation activity, defined by the content of the DNA of the tumor - synthesizing cells are one of the important indicators of the growth rate of malignancy and prognosis. The study was performed on tumor tissue fragments of the 30 patients operated on for cancer of the esophagus. DNA study - conducted in the open cell material aftercare. DNA cell content was determined by flow cytometry BD FACSCanto II. By studying the DNA-cytometric parameters, we found the prevalence of aneuploid tumors in 66.7%. It was shown that DNAcytometric parameters are independent of gender. Major weight of diploid and aneuploid cell tumors of the esophagus was in G0 / 1 phase of the cell cycle. Comparative analysis of DNA - cytometric parameters and the degree of differentiation of esophageal tumor revealed a prevalence of aneuploid tumors in all the test cases. content distribution pattern of tumor cells was found in the G0 / G1-, G2 + M -, S - phase of the cell cycle at different stages of the disease
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PROGNOSTIC SIGNIFICANCE OF LYMPHOCYTIC INFILTRATION IN VULVAR CANCER PATIENTS
Description
A retrospective immunohistochemical study of lymphocyte and macrophage infiltration in tumor tissue of 84 vulvar cancer patients with a long (over 2 years) and short (less than 2 years) remission was performed to determine a possible role of immunologic microenvironment of tumors in maintaining remission. Vulvar cancer patients with a short remission period were aged 46-85 years, mean age 67 years. 15.8% of them had stage I of the disease, 21% - stage II, 47.4% - stage III and 15.8% - stage IV. The average duration of remission in this group was 11 months. Patients with a long remission period were aged 27-71 years, mean age 48 years. 38.5% of them had stage I of the disease, 53.8% - stage II and 7.7% - stage III. The average duration of remission in this group was 8 years. Histological study showed squamous cell carcinoma in all patients. Stroma and parenchyma of tumor tissues demonstrated lymphocyte and macrophage infiltration of various degrees with the predominance of T-lymphocytes. CD8+ cells prevailed in tumor tissue of patients with a long remission period (over 2 years), while a higher level of CD4+ Т-lymphocytic infiltration was associated with a short remission (less than 2 years) and a poor prognosis. These differences allow prediction of the vulvar cancer course and its early or late recurrence
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Description
The article analyzes the effectiveness of plasmapheresis and xenon therapy in 40 patients with gynecological cancer who underwent surgery in the amount of extended panhysterectomy about cervical cancer, who developed signs of post-castration syndrome in the immediate postoperative period. The content of gonadotropic pituitary hormones was determined in the blood of patients with cervical cancer and healthy women - follicule-stimulating, luteinizing hormones, prolactin; steroid hormones: estradiol, testosterone, cortisol; thyroid hormones. It is found that xenon therapy has a more pronounced antistress, hormone-modulating, sedative and antidepressant effect and is more preferable to treat post-castration syndrome. Performing of plasmapheresis in this aspect is most justified in patients with concomitant metabolic syndrome
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Description
While studying the content of hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha and vascular endothelial growth factor in the tumor tissue, oral fluid and peripheral blood of 141 patients with oral mucosa cancer T1-3N0-2M0, it was shown that the development of purulent inflammatory postoperative complications in patients with oral mucosa cancer is associated with an increased expression of HIF-1α in the tissue and its translocation from the cytoplasm to the nucleus, activation of the neoangiogenesis processes. It is informative to determine HIF-1α factor in the blood serum, which, for further development, can be used as a non-invasive diagnostic marker to predict the postoperative course in this category of patients
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Description
Mortality from malignant diseases is directly linked to early metastasis and relapse. It is now possible to identify individual tumor cells in bone marrow biopsies and peripheral blood. Colorectal cancer is one of the leading places in the structure of cancer incidence and mortality, both in Russia and around the world. Studies have shown that after surgery the ability of tumor cells to the dissemination and implantation increases. The work contains 30 patients with the verified colorectal cancer with metastasis to the liver. To determine the CSC we have applied an analysis technology in CellSearch System ™ (Janssen Diagnostics, LLC). Our study of the number and frequency of detection of circulating tumor cells in peripheral blood of patients and control group demonstrates the reduction in the number of CTCs during laparoscopic surgery and changing the dynamics of the level of tumor cells in the form of reduction from the stage of the mobilization of the drug due to minimally invasive access, minimizing manipulation in the projection of the tumor and as a consequence, preventing the release into the blood stream of single tumor cells
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TRANSCRIPTOMIC ACTIVITY OF ESTROGEN-REGULATORY GENES IN MALIGNANCY UTERINE TISSUES
Description
Uterine cancer is the sixth on prevalence of cancer among women in developed countries. Hyper-estrogen level by endogenous or exogenous origin plays the leading role in this disease pathogenesis. This study purpose was investigating the expression of genetic loci responsible for the estrogen reception and metabolism to better understanding of the molecular mechanisms of uterine tissues malignancy. We investigated the relative expression of genes (CYP1A 1, CYP1A 2, CYP1B 1, CYP19A, ESR1, ESR2, GPER, STS, SULT1A and SULT1E1) by real-time PCR in tumor and conditionally healthy uterine tissues of 27 female patients in Southern Russia aged 38-72 years with histologically confirmed diagnosis of uterine cancer. It is found that transcription activity of these genes during malignancy of uterine tissues depends of female patients age and the stage of tumor cells differentiation. It is found that malignancy change in the transcriptional activity of investigated genes in uterine tissue depends of patients age and stage of tumor cells differentiation. Particularly, it was found, that changes of gene transcription balance of enzymes that provide sulfation and hydrolysis of steroid sulfates is depending of patient age and the degree of tumor cells differentiation. In addition, the sinking of gene expression of nuclear estrogen receptor ESR1 as lowering cell differentiation of tumor tissues. We have also shown gene expression of nuclear estrogen receptor ESR1 decline as lowering cell differentiation of tumor tissues
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