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06.00.00 Agricultural sciences
Description
Detoxication mechanism of protein deterioration products in heat resistant apple trees (Florina variety) under overheating is substantiated. Apple trees drought and heat resistance increase in non-irrigated orchard is obtained under over-row spacing turf-covering with naturally grown grasses
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COMPARATIVE EFFECTIVENESS OF DIF-FERENT TYPES OF FORMATION OF APPLE TREE ORCHARDS IN THE SEAL
06.00.00 Agricultural sciences
Description
The article presents the results obtained in experi-ments at the effect of the formation of crown of apple varieties, such as Idared, Golden Delicious, Florina and Reinette Simirenko on economic affect in Kuban region fruit zone. The estimation of different types of forming crowns is given. The best results were obtained in forming crowns in type of Bee Baum and Sollux for all varieties
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DEVELOPMENT OF ROOT SYSTEM OF APPLE-TREES ACCORDING TO THE TYPE OF CROWN FORMING
06.00.00 Agricultural sciences
Description
We studied the architecture of the root system of apple tree varieties (Idared, Golden Delicious, Rei-nette Simirenko, Florina grafted on the rootstock M9), planted in 2003, according to the scheme 4 x 1 and formed by type: Russian spindle (k) Knip Baum, Bee Baum, Sollux. We found out that on mid loamy soil with drip irri-gation, the bulk of the roots located at a depth of 10 - 60 cm regardless of the type of crown formation. Large (more than 3 mm) roots of Reinette Simirenko and Florin varieties of trees in age of seven have penetrated to a depth of 60 - 80 cm while forming Russian spindle and Knip Baum crown-type and their length and their weight was 5 – 8% of the overall performance
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06.00.00 Agricultural sciences
Description
The differences of phenotypes of perspective varieties of the apple-trees of Pinova and Honey Crisp and peculiarities of passing the main phenological phases of growth and development, relation to draught, amount and quality of crop yield with the regard to tree stock and conditions of growing were revealed in this research
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Description
The formal definition and decision of following tasks are casted in the article: revealing of dependences of economic properties of an apple-tree and its biological peculiarities, prognosis of economic properties of an apple-tree on the base of its biological peculiarities, research of determination system of economic apple-tree properties to its biological peculiarities.
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INFLUENCE OF TERMS OF GATHERING OF FRUITS OF THE APPLE-TREE ON STORAGE PERIOD
06.00.00 Agricultural sciences
Description
In article the review of results of studying of influence of harvest date of fruits on storage period of fruits of the zoned grades of Golden Delicious and Renet Simirenko apple-trees is given. As a result of this work, the efficiency of influence of harvest date of fruits on quality and duration of storage in usual atmosphere is proved
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SEARCHING WAYS OF ECOLOGICAL FRUIT PLANTS PROTECTION IN ORGANIC GARDEN
Description
The Codling moth monitoring, conducted with the help of injured fruits count and mail moths capture (with pheromone traps), is given in the article. We consider that pheromone traps reliably register the beginning of the Codling moth large flight (of each generation) at high temperature and little precipitation. The pheromone traps efficiency decreases at rather low temperature and showers. In organic and ecological orchards low density populations of injurious mites are under control of their natural enemies.
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Description
As for beneficial fauna, the most number of parasitic hymenoptera is noticed in organic orchards. The least quantity of parasitic hymenoptera can be met in conventional orchards. The characteristic feature of arthropods in conventional orchards in 2008 was the frequent occurrence and rather big number of acariphages (ladybirds of Stethorus family). The occurrence of the considerable quantity of predatory bug Campilomma and the bugs of Orius family was registered. All the enumerated species attack phytophagous mites. With the assumption of phytophagous mites population increase in organic orchards, the increase in Stetorus specimen was registered. Acariphages in ecological orchards occurred rarely. So we can suggest that predacious insect species – Stetorus, Campilomma, Orius –can serve as a certain indicator showing one or another population density of phytophagous mites in apple-tree orchards.
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