03.00.00 Biological sciences
-
FASCIATION IN NATURE AND IN EXPERIMENTS
DescriptionThe phenomenon of fasciation on the example of higher plants was considered. The effect of fasciation on the various particularities of plants has been shown. The numerous examples of the different groups of plants with fasciation bodies are given. We have demonstrated that the phenomenon of fasciation is more common for cultivated plants than for wild. In most cases, fasciation is considered as an exceptional phenomenon. A number of authors have distinguished fasciation to inheritable and non-inheritable. The first is caused by internal reasons. The second is the influence of external factors such as insect damage, injury, weather conditions. The number of regularities was installed: reproductive bodies of plants fasciationing more often; thermophilic forms are more likely to be fasciation. The images of different cultures with fasciation parts are given. We discuss using the introduction of the term ”connаtions” as morphological abnormalities. Fasciation can be considered as a marker trait for the cause of this phenomenon with violation of ecological situation. The plants with morphosis, including fasciation of the certain parts of bodies, can act as indicators of environmental pollution. The study of the phenomenon of fasciation in higher plants can be regarded as a method of breeding for large fruit size. From one side, to establish the adaptation abilities of newly created genotypes. Thus, the phenomenon of fasciation has affected many areas of science. On the other side, it is proof of the violations caused by environmental factors. On the other hand, it is hereditary reasons, and can also serve as a model for studying morphogenesis
-
FENOLOGICAL VARIABILITY OF TREES AND SHRUBS IN TOMSK
DescriptionThe analysis of phenological phenomena of 9 tree and shrub species and longevity of their vegetation activity was made in Tomsk (southeastern West Siberian Plain). Since 1969 until 2013 the start of the phenological phenomena in the trees and shrubs became to be earlier and the end did to be later. Trends of the start of birch juice moving and flowering is higher (–2.5–3.4 days/decade) than trends of leave appearance, yellowing and falling (+2.5–1.3 days/decade) in the trees and shrubs. Dates of the start of the phonological stages and the sums of accumulated positive temperatures high correlate between each other. The period of their general vegetation activity increased by 20 days and active vegetation activity did by 7 days
-
ENZYME ACTIVITY OF SEVERAL SOILS OF THE CRIMEA
DescriptionThe article considers the enzymatic activity and some other ecological and biological properties of zonal soils of the Crimea (cambisol, Chromic cambisol, different subtypes of chernozems). We have revealed significant differences in catalase, dehydrogenase, polyphenol oxidase, peroxidase, invertase for soils of the Crimea, which can not be explained only by the content of soil organic matter. Despite the low humus content of the soil, some have a high level of some enzymes. The level of enzyme activity depends on the reaction medium, the content of carbonate and other soil properties. We have also revealed that the agricultural use of brown soils under vineyards leads to a significant change in their properties and enzymatic activity
-
FERMENTED PREPARATION ROXAZYM G2 IN COMPOUND FEED FOR PIGS
DescriptionIntroduction of the enzyme preparation Roxazym G2 into the mixed fodder for young pigs favours increase of live weight by 5.4 - 7.3 % and average daily weight gain by 6.6 - 9.1 %
-
Description
In a review the technique and methodology of creation of ideal model of a variety of agricultural crops are critically analysed, generalized and stated, terms analyzed available in the literature «ideotype», «idiotype», «ideatype» are analyzed and specified. The two-level model of ideotype is offered.
-
Description
In a review the technique and methodology of creation of ideal model of a variety of agricultural crops are critically analysed, generalized and stated, terms analyzed available in the literature «ideotype», «idiotype», «ideatype» are analyzed and specified. The twolevel model of ideotype is offered.
-
PHYTOINDICATION IN THE QUALITY CONTROL OF WATER BODIES
DescriptionHuman-induced disturbance on water objects was appraised with chemo and biological methods, the results of which are turned out to be comparable
-
Description
The article presents materials on studying distribution and phytocenotic confinedness of relict steppe species of Astragalus angarensis. Astragalus angarensis is the endemic of the Angara region and Yakutia, it is a relict species. Three small isolated fragments express the area of species. The largest fragment was found in the Angara region; the smallest two fragments are occurred in the valley of the Lena river, in the southwest Yakutia near Olekminsk and in the central Yakutia, from Yakutsk to Bulgunnakhtaakh village. Ecological and geobotanical characteristics of habit area of Angara Astragalus is given; floristic content of community is studied. The described desertificated Krascheninnikovia, Psathyrostachys steppes and also Festuca, Agropyron, Koeleria and Artemisia communities with Astragulus angarensis confined to slope habitats, characterized by poor floristic content that gives evidence of low competitiveness of this species
-
FORMATION OF SOILS STUDY AND THEIR FERTILITY; A HISTORICAL EXPERIENCE OF SOIL CLASSIFICATION
DescriptionThe roots of scientific knowledge on soil go into antiquity and are connected with the development of land management. A human had knowledge about soil as a friable layer of Earth, which was a subject o land management treatment until the time there were occurred the problems of shortage of arable lands, hunger and decrease of fertility, which caused the necessity of obtaining of more produce with less arable lands. The development of soil science was required for solving of these practical tasks. In postwar period there were carried out the large researches in the field of plant nutrition and application of fertilizers. For this period the active study of organic properties of soil occurred. The Dokuchaev’s study on genetic types of soil was the tuning point in the development of problems of soil classification. The further development of problems of soil classification were made on the basis of set genetic positions, thus the various approaches lighting the different parties of a classification problem took place. The soil fertility in force of its important functions for a long time is not only as an agronomic category but also as a social, economic, philosophic, and at the last time – ecological one. The modern understanding of function of fertility is reached with the help of mathematical modeling. First, it is necessary clearly to present the aggregate factors of fertility and their interaction between them and external factors
-
FRACTIONATION OF LUCERNE JUICE TO OBTAIN FEED ADDITIVES
DescriptionThe article provides an overview of the results of experimental works of the authors on the use of different methods of fractionation of Lucerne juice to obtain feed additives