05.00.00 Technical science
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OPTIMIZATION OF THE PARAMETERS OF WORKING PARTS FOR THE PREPARATION OF TOBACCO LEAVES TO DRYING
DescriptionIn the article there are results of theoretical and experimental researches on creating a working part for leafsplitting and orientation of tobacco leaves when preparing for their drying
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THE BASICS OF CALCULATING THE PROBABILITY OF FAILURE-FREE OPERATION OF SUPPLY BUSES AND BUS SECTIONS
DescriptionIn agriculture, the high reliability of electricity supply is necessary because of its main feature production is associated with biological objects. The change in the state parameters can lead to a sharp decrease in the productivity of the biological system or, in general, to the death of it. The following enterprises are particularly critical to the reliability of power supply: dairy farms, hothouse complexes, incubators, grain storage sites, finished products and much more. The article presents: models of failure of switchable busbar, models of failure of supply buses; formulas for the calculation of reliability indicators, the calculated values of the probabilities of failure-free operation of individual elements, analysis of the values obtained, conclusions were made on the models presented and suggestions were made for introduction into production, energy conservation was associated with reliability of electrical installations
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METHODS OF CHOOSING DIAGNOSED VEHICLE PARAMETERS IN AGRICULTURE
DescriptionThe article presents an analysis of the existing approach to automobiles technical maintenance in agriculture. We have pointed out that in modern conditions it is impossible to forecast the automobiles maintenance operation frequency and as a result its improvement as well. It is obvious that one cannot achieve the considerable increase of maintenance operation efficiency by separate means and there exist the necessity to treat it as a system and use the up-to-date methods to investigate and improve complicated systems. We have made a conclusion that the increase of maintenance operation efficiency is not possible without some rational strategy of maintenance operation and repair. We have shown that the program of maintenance operation and repair being an integral part of automobiles technical maintenance has considerable effect on maintenance and repair quality. As a result, there is some necessity of the developed system of parameters diagnosing and control in technical maintenance and repair. We have shown that to get sufficient diagnose information one needs selection of the controlled parameters which give maximum information about the object technical status taking into account possible characteristics of its operational faults. We have discovered that in order to solve the task it is necessary to have the object’s information pattern, calculation of possible characteristics of the controlled object being in good or bad order due to some parts fault, evaluation of information brought by every parameter and determining parameters to be diagnosed. We have proposed to evaluate the parameters’ information value with the help of information entropy as uncertainty measure that is one of the main concepts of the information theory. Because of solving the task, we have got the aggregate of the controlled automobile parameters orderable according to the amount of information
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VIBRATING TOOL FOR SOIL TREATMENT
DescriptionOn the basis of the analysis of existing technical means for tillage in this article we propose a new technical means of vibration action including rectangular welded rack with hinge systems, adjusting the depth of tillage. Fixing of the working bodies and working bodies are made in the form of racks with chisels and arrow-shaped claws differ in that there is a shaped hole is made in the upper side of rack where a mounted solenoid is. It is mounted on a rack by means of casing and screws, and the solenoid is made in the form of a coil with a head and spring and communicated with the electrical system of the tractor via the relay-breaker and a regulator are located on the rack. This vibrating tool presumably will lessen the resistance of the soil affecting on the working bodies, will eliminate the sticking effect of elements of working bodies and thereby the quality of the soil tillage will be improved, it will allow to reduce energy consumptions of working process up to 30%, it reduces the emission of harmful substances from combustion of diesel fuel into the atmosphere. The invention relates to agricultural engineering and can be used for tillage on various agricultural backgrounds and with different densities
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ANALYSIS OF DISK WORKING BODIES FOR MINIMUM TILLAGE
DescriptionMinimum tillage technology (mini till) is based on soil preparation for sowing by disk working organs. The spherical disc serves as a ploughshare and a blade and provides soil crumbling. There are two options for placement discs: a battery one on the X-axis with an individual bar. The working depth is adjusted by changing the angle of the battery attack. The distance between the tracks of the spherical discs on the common axis is 220 mm. In processing the soil with plant residues there is winding of stems on the axis which causes the disc jamming. The structural layout of the spherical disk on the individual axis with individual counter has none of these shortcomings. Spherical discs on the individual pole are placed on the frame in parallel rows. The working depth is adjusted by changing the angle of attack of each series. The number of rows on the harrow ranges from two to four. In the three-row harrow the front row is divided into two equal parts, with the working bodies being installed with the opposite direction of the bulge. The recommended working speed of the harrow is up to 12 km / h. The non-standard location of the disk of the mulcher on the spiral rack makes it possible to perform the following functions: crushing and incorporation of crop residues into soil, mulching. The number of rows of the mulcher is two or four, and the speed is of 15 - 18 km / h. The analysis of the data specifications of the harrows and mulchers with a different number of rows and different needs for the engine power of the tractor has been made. There has been determined the empirical dependence of the total number of disks upon the working width of the harrow and the mulcher. Dependence of the minimum power of the tractor upon the working width with different number of rows of the harrow and the mulcher was determined. It was found that at the same working widths, the double row harrow has the smallest value of the minimum power. At the fixed width, the double row mulcher has the highest value of the minimum power
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Description
To reduce the development of additional settlement strip foundations of the existing building on the effect of pressure transmitted to a ground base located near the new slab foundation is considered the work of the geotechnical barrier in various ground conditions. In the first variant of soil, conditions (variant 1) made geotechnical barrier structure in a homogeneous thickness of the weak clay soil. In the second variant of soil conditions (variant 2), a separating barrier is performed in a two-layer base. The upper base layer (carrying) is shown a weak water-saturated clay soil, and the second (underlying) - low compressible soil (sandy loam plastic). According to the results of the calculations and modeling found that, the greatest positive effect on the separating barrier structure (geotechnical barrier) is achieved in the case when the base is a two-layer. The lower part of the geotechnical barrier must be recessed into the soil of low compressibility. Additional settlement strip foundation of the existing building in a uniform basis (variant 1) in the absence of geotechnical barrier is approximately 8 cm. In the case of a two-layer base (variant 2), the additional settlement strip foundation building is reduced by 80-85% (6.6 cm) and will make about 1.4 cm
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Description
The article examines the issues of increasing the efficiency of the system of technical operation of mobile agricultural machinery by means of monitoring the state of units and aggregates of the latter through diagnostics. The problems of complex diagnostics of diesel fuel equipment are investigated. The urgency of diagnosing a fuel injection pump without dismantling from the engine is shown from technical, economic and environmental points of view. The effect of operational malfunctions of some devices of fuel equipment on parameters of its operation as a whole is analyzed. On the basis of the analysis of diagnostic devices application, their grouping is suggested. The parameters to be studied in connection with peculiarities to decide whether it is possible to estimate the technical state of the fuel injection pump without dismantling from the internal combustion engine are indicated. Based on peculiarities of the fuel injection pump technical state estimation, a research program is developed and the results of the research are presented. Specific features of testing the fuel injection pump are indicated. Analysis of the results of the research shows that a smaller error in the change of the cyclic fuel feed rates supplied by the fuel injection sections takes place at the engine speed corresponding to the indicated power. The conclusion is made that the presented research results can be used as a basis for developing a technique (technology) for diagnosing the fuel injection pump without dismantling from the internal combustion engine
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MODELS OF NEURONS WITH MEMORY OF STATE FOR ORGANIZATION OF NEUROEVOLUTIONAL CALCULATIONS
DescriptionThe article discusses the model of a neuron with memory. The proposed model is formed based on the model of the dynamic neuron. The proposed solutions allow to efficiently model dynamic processes and to provide a two-level scheme for evolution of neural networks. The first level of evolution is achieved using traditional neuro-evolution models that allow you to create or to modify basic network settings. The second level allows you to track the history of the development process. The article presents a formal description of the proposed models and algorithms of functioning of the network, is the rationale for the use of the proposed models
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Description
The article deals with the application of the theory of regulation for the synthesis of technological mechanical devices and their replacement by electrical or electronic analogs in order to reduce energy processes in soil cultivating and sowing machines
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VOLTAGE REGULATION OF SOLAR POWER PLANTS AUTONOMOUS INVERTERS
DescriptionIn agricultural production, the direction of introduction of renewable energy for power consumers remote from the external electrical network is relevant. Here, prospects are revealed in front of the solar PV stations. One of the main functional units of solar power is inverters that convert the DC voltage of the solar panels into alternating current. The article describes the advantages and disadvantages of the main methods of voltage regulation of the autonomous inverters of solar photovoltaic power plants. We have proposed new structural designs of autonomous voltage inverters, described their advantages, features of design and operation for voltage stabilization. We suggest stand-alone inverters designed using high frequency link, which will significantly improve mass and dimensions parameters of the converter. Due to the use of single-phase transformer with a rotating magnetic field in stand-alone inverters, we improve the efficiency of the converter and the reliability of the work. Patents of the Russian Federation confirmed the novelty of technical solutions of the considered schemes of autonomous voltage inverters. Structural schematics of the voltage regulators considered in the article, as well as features of their work, will allow to increase efficiency of preliminary works on development of autonomous voltage inverters with improved operational and technical characteristics for solar photovoltaic power plants