№ 149(5), May, 2019
Public date: 31.05.2019
Archive of journal: Articles count 15, 56 kb
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Description
Sommelier evaluates the quality of wine on the basis of their subjective feelings. At the same time, what the sommelier says when evaluating wine, it is difficult or impossible to rationally understand for the uninitiated to this art. The process of assessing the quality of wine by sommelier can not be formalized and is carried out entirely at the sensual level. Sometimes, different sommeliers differently evaluate the same wine poured from the same barrel into bottles of different prestige, with stickers differing in the number of stars. This raises at least two legitimate and natural questions. The first question is whether any subjective sommelier evaluations of the quality of wine are connected with its objective physical and chemical properties? The second question arises in the case of a positive answer to the first one: is it possible to analyze the objective methods of physical and chemical properties of wine to predict its subjective assessment by various sommeliers or some "generalized sommelier", generalizing many such subjective assessments? This article is devoted to obtaining reasoned answers to these questions. The purpose of this work, which is of great scientific and practical interest, is to create a model that provides an automated assessment of the quality of wine based on the analysis of its objective physical and chemical properties, coinciding with its sommelier-evaluation. To achieve this goal, we use Automated system-cognitive analysis (ASC-analysis) and its software tools – the intelligent system called "Eidos". A detailed numerical example based on 1599 real-world examples of sommelier evaluation of wine quality with known physical and chemical properties is considered. In addition to the answer to the two questions in the article, there is a study of the created system-cognitive model
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Description
The article presents the results of studies on the biological characteristics of growth and fruiting, as well as the yield of adaptive varieties of strawberries in the conditions of the Prikubanskaya horticulture zone of the Krasnodar region. The objects of study are new and promising varieties of strawberries: Zenga-zengana (k), Onda, San-Diaz. The experiments were performed using the method of randomized reps. In the experiment there are 3 options, in each there are three replications of 20 plants. Variants and repetitions are placed sequentially. Agricultural records of the growth and fruiting of strawberry plants were carried out according to generally accepted methods; statistical processing of research results was carried out using the analysis of a variance method described by B.A.Dospehov. The results of our research showed that Zenga-zengana bushes (control) turned out to be the tallest. In the Onda variety, the height of the bush is 2 cm less than in the control variety; and San Diez varieties are 4 cm, respectively. It should be noted that the most undersized plants require a smaller area of nutrition. It has been established that flowers pollinated a few days after their disclosure develop more rapidly into berries than those that were pollinated immediately after opening. Pollen in flowers of the first order is less than in flowers of the third or fourth order. The stamens of the first flowers are often underdeveloped, their pollen is released and germinates worse. In our experience, the average weight of fruits and the yield as a whole depends on the biological productivity of the varieties. Onda was the most fruitful variety, and the rest varieties were at the control level
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ANALYSIS OF TECHNOLOGIES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF FUEL PELLETS BASED ON RAW WOOD
DescriptionThe article presents a brief overview of the technologies for the production of wood-based pellets. The work gives disadvantages and advantages of the products manufactured using the surveyed technologies. A comparative analysis of the granules obtained by the considered technological processes is given. The conclusions are made about the economic and technological feasibility of using the presented technologies using wood waste as a raw material
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Description
The struggle against soil erosion and the restoration of disturbed lands is a pressing issue for the regions of the North Caucasus and southern Russia. This problem is also acute in Kabardino-Balkaria, where more than 30% of agricultural and coastal lands suffer from water, anthropogenic and man-made erosion. Existing methods need to be improved and adapted to natural and local conditions. The aim of the work was to develop more efficient methods for the accelerated recovery of eroded and disturbed areas of land with the use of biopositive products and fastenings from local materials. Several technological solutions have been developed for the protection and restoration of land plots of agricultural and recreational zones located on slopes and coastal zones that have been eroded and disturbed by economic activity. All of these technical solutions are investigated and brought to the level of inventions and utility models. According to the results of the research conducted for the mountain and foothill areas of eroded lands, new methods are proposed based on the use of environmental protection technologies and restoration of damaged land. The introduction of these methods increase the effectiveness of anti-erosion measures and reduce the material costs of their implementation
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06.02.00 Veterinary and Husbandry
DescriptionThe article discusses the impact of color lighting on changes in productivity and environmental safety of poultry products. We have given recommendations to optimize the cost of electricity for lighting the house
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06.02.00 Veterinary and Husbandry
DescriptionThis prospective study was conducted on 10 commercial dairy herds, over one year on milk urea monitoring, determination of diets characteristics effects on MU concentration and on assessment of MU concentrations as a predictor of N utilization and urinary N excretion. Milk samples were collected twice every month and analyzed for urea concentration using a colorimetric procedure. Representative feed samples were also collected on the same day of milk collection. Feed samples were characterized and their concentrations of protein digestible in the intestine and net energy for lactation were calculated according to the French system as well as PDI requirements. Average of milk urea concentrations range is 25.0 - 32.0 mg/dl. A significant positive association (p
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ULTRA-LOW VOLUME SPRAYER'S PERFEC-TION FOR GARDENS AND VINEYARDS PRO-CESSING
05.20.00 Processes and machines of agroengineering systems
DescriptionThe urgency of the task in creating a reliable plant protection system is the improvement and development of new technologies for spraying crops on the basis of fundamentally new agricultural requirements at a higher quality level, increasing productivity, reducing energy costs and greening protective measures. Pneumatic slotted sprayers have great design capabilities allowing obtaining operating parameters necessary for the specific task of the sprayer. In this regard, we have proposed a technological scheme of the sprayer in the garden-vineyard version. To do this, the sprayers are placed in pneumatic ducts of the fans mounted on the sprayers. It is possible to reduce energy and resource costs, to achieve high quality indicators of the process and to increase the level of environmental friendliness by developing technical means for ultra-low-volume spraying. The principal novelty in solving the problem of ultra-low volume spraying is the use of KubSAU design pneumatic sprayers on the sprayer, and the scheme of the technological process, allowing the reduction of the working fluid and pesticides doses rate, resulting in reduced operating costs to support operations: preparation of working fluids and filling the sprayers. To process two rows simultaneously, it is possible to use sprayers equipped with two centrifugal fans with the installation of pneumatic slit sprayers with fixation in the ducts that they overlap, forcing the air from the fan to pass through the atomizer body, mixing with drops of working fluid. In this case, the speed of the air-droplet jets increases and more efficient use of the air jet from the fan occur. Along with the use of sprayers, equipped with KubSAU design pneumatic sprayers, to combat pests and diseases, we propose to use a sprayer to combat weeds in the trunk area of perennial plantations. Thus we have a family of ultra-low volume sprayers with pneumatic slotted sprayers of the Kuban State Agrarian University design
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RESEARCH OF THE INFLUENCE OF THE TREATMENT BEFORE STORAGE METHOD ON THE QUALITY OF CARROTS
05.20.00 Processes and machines of agroengineering systems
DescriptionThe article presents the results of a study of the influence of the processing method before storage on the commercial quality of carrot roots during storage. The object of the research was carrot of the Abaco variety. Objects of study were stored for 21 days at + (25 ± 1) ° C and 56 days at + (2 ± 1) ° C. Roots were treated with extremely low frequency electromagnetic fields (EMF ELF) and Vitaplan biopreparation separately and in combination. As a result of the research, it was established that the complex treatment of EMF ELF and biopreparation allows increasing the yield of standard carrot products compared to the control: 11.8% at storage temperature + (2 ± 1) ° C, 24.1% at storage temperature + (25 ± 1) ° C. A reduction in the total losses of carrots, treated with complex EMF ELF and biological product, was found by 5.8% at storage temperature + (2 ± 1) ° C and by 12.4% at storage temperature + (25 ± 1) ° C
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06.02.00 Veterinary and Husbandry
DescriptionIn this work, we have found shortened particle forms of the filamentous bacteriophage Pf, when the lysis of the Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 strain was induced by extracts of bison feces to study the intestinal bacteriophages of this animal. The sizes of the shortened particles from 250 to 950 nm and their thickness 17 nm were determined. The particles had a slightly pointed one end and sometimes a flag on the other extended end. The particles were formed in the process lysis of this strain by other bacteriophages. These lysates also contained a high concentration of vesicles from the pseudomonad membrane. The article discusses the mechanisms of prophage induction in the Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 strain due to phage-phage induction and substances of the investigated extract
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06.02.00 Veterinary and Husbandry
DescriptionProviding the population with basic food products, sources of proteins, fats, carbohydrates, vitamins and other essential nutrients is one of the main issues of ensuring the security of the country, while the requirement for food safety is paramount. Production of feed additives (concentrates), which improve feed conversion, while being natural and safe for animal health, acquires the greatest importance in the conditions of intensification of agriculture and increasing the competitiveness of livestock farms. Probiotic microflora, which, in competition with pathogenic, displaces the latter from the gastrointestinal tract, can be considered as one of the effective methods of controlling undesirable microflora in the digestive tract. In world science, research is actively conducted in the direction of searching for effective probiotic cultures. A promising way to increase the effectiveness of the use of probiotic feed additives is their addition to prebiotics, for example, including vitamins (antioxidants) and mineral substances (selenium). The purpose of this work was to determine the optimal ratio of biologically active substances contained in the feed vitamin-mineral concentrate, and probiotic microflora contained in the feed probiotic additive Bacell-M, for the development of complex feed concentrate. Using the Harrington's desirability function, the optimum ratio of biologically active substances and probiotic microflora in the recipe of the complex feed concentrate is determined, ensuring the maximum reduction in the serum levels of alanine aminotransferase in the blood serum of experimental animals, which characterizes the normalization of barrier organs