№ 153(9), November, 2019
Public date: 29.11.2019
Archive of journal: Articles count 26, 77 kb
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CURRENT STATE AND EFFICIENCY OF BLACK LEACHED SOILS OF WESTERN CAUCASUS
DescriptionThe article studies current state of fertility and productivity of leached chernozem used in the 11-field grain-grass-row crop rotation. Under the conditions of a stationary field experiment, a soil section was laid, a morphological description of the soil was carried out, its magnetic susceptibility χ was measured, soil samples were selected from soil-genetic horizons, in which the particle size distribution, physical and chemical parameters were determined. Studies have shown that leached chernozem is characterized by an addition density of 1.30 g/cm3, a solid phase density of 2.67 g/cm3, a total porosity of 51.9 %, χ = 1,045 × 10-3 units SI, pHwat. 6.5 units, humus content 3.2 %, its stock in the layer A + B = 468.2 t/ha, the sum of the exchange Ca2+ and Mg2+ 42.8 mg.eq./100 g. The use of mineral fertilizers increases the productivity of leached chernozem: the yield of sunflower of 11-field grain-grass-row cultivated crop rotation exceeds the control without fertilizers by 1.02-1.62 t/ha
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Description
This article presents the results of a study of new me-dium-ripe lines obtained using the donor line Kl7427 for reduced grain harvesting moisture. According to the results of this study, the lines recommended as a starting material for the selection of lines and hybrids of maize of the middle group of ripeness with low grain moisture at the time of harvesting without signif-icant loss of productivity were identified
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Description
In southern Kyrgyzstan, the growth and development of early potatoes has been studied, depending on nutrition background and the methods of growth stimulant Bereke GN, aiming to improve the yield and quality of potatoes. There were no scientific studies on growth stimulants impacts on potatoes, the productivity of early potatoes in southern Kyrgyzstan conducted. Field experiments were carried out on the experimental site of the Osh Technological University in the Kyrgyz Republic Osh region Aravan district Mangyt village in 2016-2018. In case of increasing the nutrition background, in terms of experiments on methods of using the growth stimulant Bereke GN in the phases of development of early potato plants, natural differences in variants were observed. Increased duration of interfacial periods is detected in increased power supply background. In all years of experiments in the variant complex application of growth stimulator, respectively increased nutrition backgrounds, green, thick and strong sprouts of 1.5-2.1mm length were formed. As well as complex use of growth stimulant contributed to accelerated emergence of sprouts. According to the results of our research, we have identified the dependence of plant preservation on harvesting from the application of fertilizers and the method of use of growth stimulant. Consequently, with the complex application of Bereke GN growth stimulant to early potato crops, there was an increase in the number of preserved plants for early potato harvesting by 0.7-1.6%, with seed tuber growth stimulant treatment by 0.3-0.6%, and with leaf spraying by 0.1-0.3%
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TECHNOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF SOIL DEPLOYMENT
DescriptionThe article presents the results of research on the impact of tillage technologies on the value of its density in the cultivation of winter wheat in conditions of insufficient and unstable wetting of the south of Russia. Experimental studies were carried out in the conditions of a long-term stationary experiment with a four-field crop rotation with different variants of tillage (dump, layer-by-layer, small, surface). The soil density was fixed at spring tillering of winter wheat and at the end of the growing season. Conducted analysis of variance shows that the soil has relaxation abilities, i.e. over time, it restores its properties by compaction ability, since studies conducted during the period of tillering of winter wheat show that Ffact. Ftable. (5,794,76), i.e. methods of treatment have an impact on soil compaction, which cannot be said for the case at the end of the growing season of winter wheat. The ability to restore its properties is a remarkable property of the soil, as it prevents them from over-compaction. The energy intensity of the compacted soil treatment increases to 30%, while the degree of crumbling is significantly reduced and its lumpiness increases. The most fundamental way to reduce the density of the soil is its timely loosening by working bodies of agricultural tools. Tillage methods affect soil density, the correlation coefficient between tillage methods and soil density varies between 0,929-0,979. The most radical way of soil decompression is exposure to it by a certain type of working bodies
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Description
This article presents the results of studies on the influence of the fertilizer application rate and methods of using Bereke GN growth stimulant on the biochemical and economic indicators of early potato harvest in southern Kyrgyzstan. Due to the lack of scientific data of complex use of fertilizers and growth-stimulators in the conditions of the Southern Kyrgyzstan, we considered it necessary to specify ways and rates of application of a growth stimulator Bereke GN by production of early potatoes in plain zones on typical gray soils. In the conditions of the South of Kyrgyzstan similar researches in the production technology of early potatoes are conducted for the first time. Field experiments are made on a plot of the Osh technology university in the Kyrgyz Republic Osh region Aravan district Mangyt village in 2016-2018. Complex use of a growth stimulator Bereke GN on crops of early potatoes in a growing season promoted increase in accumulation of starch in potatoes tubers. The analysis of these experiences shows that in options on routes of administration of a growth regulator Bereke GN accumulation of vitamin "C" in tubers in all three years of carrying out researches not considerably raised and averaged 15.98-16.66 mg of %. Concentration of nitrates in tubers of early potatoes, in the conducted researches did not exceed the number of maximum allowable concentration. Economic effect showed, experience option complex uses of a growth-promoting factor of Bereke GN. Therefore, at the same time high net income – 199.18 thousand som/hectare is gained, and profitability equaled 124.13%
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Description
The work is devoted to studying the nature of the influence of individual abiotic factors of the southern territories of Russia on the features of the formation of an economic apple yield in adjacent years and the justification of the possibility of adjusting the course of this process in adverse environmental conditions. The studies were carried out in 2018-2019, which are distinguished by the manifestation of weather anomalies in the summer-autumn period. Field experiments were performed at the farms of the Kuban horticultural zone on soils suitable for planting fruit stands: leached and typical chernozems. The features of the development of plants of apple trees of winter varieties Kuban crimson and Fuji on the stock M9 were studied. In the experiments, an option is provided using foliar treatment of plants with Pomaset fertilizer. The effectiveness of the formation of the economic apple crop depends on the biological characteristics of the used pomological variety, as well as the temperature and moisture conditions during the growing season of the plants. Soil conditions do not significantly affect the course of this process. The probability of losing the potential apple crop at the XII stage of organogenesis (pre-harvest decay) under the influence of abiotic summer stressors: high air temperatures and water deficiency is noted. With the manifestation of extremely high air temperatures in late summer and during the autumn months, a significant increase in the duration of vegetation of various (especially strong-growing) apple varieties was recorded, causing a shift in the process of differentiation of generative buds (stages III-IV of organogenesis) to a later date, and, as a result, - decrease in potential plant productivity in the next season. With the manifestation of abnormal weather conditions, the prospects of foliar treatment of trees in the second half of the growing season with Pomaset fertilizer, which optimizes the fruiting of the apple tree in adjacent years, are shown. At the same time, the fruit yield in the current year is increasing by 9-14%, and in the next season - by 7-10% in comparison with the control values
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PROSPECTS FOR GROWING RUSSIAN LILAC CULTIVARS (SYRINGA VULGARIS L.) IN FINLAND
DescriptionCommon lilac (Syringa vulgaris L.), is one of the most essential landscape plants throughout the whole cool and temperate region and also in Finland very popular and traditional ornamental. The diversity of the lilacs available for research use and growth in Finland could be broadened by introducing Russian winter hardy cultivars to Finland. Their winter hardiness and survival in the Finnish climate has to be studied in order to proceed to using Russian cultivars in the Finnish climate. Lilacs that grow at the Central Siberian Botanical Garden Siberian Branche of the Russian Academy of Sciences at Novosibirsk were introduced to Finland within the framework of the collaborative project in 2012. Currently, the collection of Syringa vulgaris in CSBG SB RAS has 26 cultivars of 116 tested ones, most resistant to the conditions of Novosibirsk city. In project “Syreenimaja” (2016-2018) small scale plantations with Russian lilac cultivars were made at several locations in Finland and the freezing tolerance of the cultivars was tested. The survival and growth of the lilac plants in these plantings in landscape gardening areas in old gardens is being observed. The lilac plants are still young and have not been flowering broadly. The preliminary results have shown that the Russian lilacs have potential to grow in Finland, but at least cultivar ‘Daphna’ has suffered from winter injuries. Descriptions of 10 tested lilac cultivars from the collection of the CSBG SB RAS are given
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06.02.00 Veterinary and Husbandry
MODERN ASPECTS OF DIAGNOSTICS AND TREATMENT OF DIABETES INSIPIDUS IN DOGS
06.02.00 Veterinary and Husbandry
DescriptionDiabetes Insipidus is found in dogs and rarely in cats. The study of this disease is a hot topic today, as it is challenging for the veterinarian in the diagnosis of its patients. You must take into consideration and study of such diseases, as it is important to of differential them from other diseases. Special attention the doctor pays to the etiology, diagnosis, and most importantly, treatment. It is also important to inform pet owners about the timely prevention of this disease. It has several mechanisms of development, and this will depend on the treatment process of the patient. The development of the disease directly depends on the speed of "fading" of kidney function and how soon the animal will be helped. Completely cure pet yet possible, but therapy can support the required amount of hormone in the body, and the physical condition of the animal is normal. Diabetes Insipidus is a serious condition that requires proper attention. In the final stages of your pet there is shortness of breath, frequency of seizures increases. The animal begins to refuse food, the skin becomes dry, appear constipation and incontinence. If the animal will not be treated, then it can live for about one to two years, and then die from exhaustion, perhaps a pet will fall into a coma. Therefore, the veterinarian must correctly explain to the pet owners than to end their inaction, as well as to prepare them for the fact that the pet will constantly be required drugs
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08.00.13 Mathematical and instrumental methods of Economics
PROSPECTS FOR EXTENSIVE DEVELOPMENT OF URBAN TRANSPORT INFRASTRUCTURE
08.00.13 Mathematical and instrumental methods of Economics
DescriptionThe development of the city can go in two ways-extensive and intensive. Intensive involves a qualitative rethinking of the necessary work, optimization and improvement on the basis of existing infrastructure. An extensive method of development is an increase in physical volumes, for example, an increase in territories. At the moment, the transport system of the city of Krasnodar is extremely busy. The city occupies one of the first places in the number of vehicles, roads with such a traffic load cannot cope, resulting in numerous congestion on the roads. In addition, an average of 150 thousand cars enter the city every day, and this creates an additional burden on the transport system. In the morning there is a large influx of cars from the main entrances to the city. And in the evening there is no less strong loading points of entry into the city, as those who arrived in the morning leave the city. Information technology is designed to save our time and effort. At the same time, one of the problems that "eats" time is traffic jams. You can get from one place to another at one time, but subject to traffic jams, this time can increase several times. Why not use technical and software tools to solve this problem!? Now almost everyone has a smartphone, with a satnav loaded into it. There are many variations of these navigators with approximately the same functionality. But what if the satnav in your smartphone not only chose the shortest path for you, but also helped in unloading traffic throughout the city, reducing traffic congestion to a minimum?
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08.00.13 Mathematical and instrumental methods of Economics
DescriptionIn on-land and underground structures, machines and mechanisms, in many cases, we use rod structural elements made of viscoelastic materials. One of the methods for studying the strength characteristics of rods is the experimental measurement of the velocity of propagation of deformation waves in them and comparing it with theoretically accurate values of the velocity, determined taking into account the real physical and mechanical properties of the material. This comparison allows us to analyze the presence of microdefects in the rods. To assess the economic and operational reliability of building structures using mathematical modeling, we study the characteristics of nonlinear wave processes in viscoelastic rods, which can be used to improve the acoustic diagnostics of material microdefects