All-Russian Research Institute of Biological Plant Protection
Author list of organization
List of articles written by the authors of the organization
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CAYENNE, NEW HERBICIDE FOR FIGHTING WEEDS IN CROPS OF WINTER WHEAT
06.00.00 Agricultural sciences
DescriptionOne of the most destabilizing factors of crop production is weed infestation of crops. Despite annual herbicide treatment, weed infestation of crops of winter wheat remains high, with a predominance of annual dicotyledonous weed with a higher proportion of drug resistant on the basis of 2,4-D. We also notice increased range and density of perennial dicotyledonous weeds. New combinational herbicide called Cayenne, manufactured by LLC "Agro Expert group", which in its composition contains two active substances: thifensulfuron-methyl (500 g/l) and florasulam (170 g/l), highly inhibits both annual and perennial dicotyledonous weeds. According to the working program of the registrant's company we have tested Cayenne on crops of winter wheat in spring in the tillering phase and the formation of the second internode. It is shown that its use in doses of 0.025 and 0.035 kg/ha in mixture with 200 ml/ha of surfactant-Bit 90, W provides effective suppression of annual and perennial dicotyledonous weeds (90 – 100 %). The negative effect on the culture was not observed. At the same time, within 2-3 days after herbicide application we observed cessation of growth, chlorosis, dieback of growing points of weeds. Complete death was observed after 15 – 20 days
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Description
The present work describes the chemical synthesis of poly-N,N-diallyl pyrrolidinium bromide and polyN,N-diallyl morpholinium bromide - high-molecular compounds containing quaternary nitrogen atoms, which included in two five- and/or six-membered heterocyclic rings. These polymers are perspective modifiers for industrially produced anion-exchange membranes, the use of which should significantly improve the resistance to degradation of the membranes at over-limiting current regimes. The structure of obtained polymers was characterized by FTIR, 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy. The optimal reaction conditions, which increase the yield of desired products, were defined. It is shown that is preferable to use 1-butanol as a solvent and benzoyl peroxide as an initiator
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SYNTHESIS OF SUBSTITUTED ISOXAZOLO[5,4-b]PYRIDINE AND THEIR ANTIDOTE ACTIVITY
DescriptionTo develop the novel herbicide antidotes for the sunflower vegetative plants, the group of chemical compounds, belonging to the derivatives of isoxalopyrazolopyridines was synthesized and their antidote activity both in the laboratory and field experiments was studied. The compounds with a high antidote effect were found
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THE SEARCH FOR NEW SUGAR BEET IMMUNOMODULATORS AMOND PYRIDYLHYDRAZONE DERIVATIVES
06.00.00 Agricultural sciences
DescriptionIn order to find compounds that increase sugar beet resistance to the adverse effects of herbicides, a series of pyridylhydrazone derivatives have been synthesized. The protective effect of new compounds for the herbicide mixture Betanal, Lontrel and Super Zeleke was studied in field conditions. The effect of pyridylhydrazones on the synthesis of photosynthetic pigments in leaves was investigated. Substances with a high protective effect were found
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METHODS OF DESTROYING COMMON RAGWEED IN SUNFLOWER CROPS IN THE KRASNODAR REGION
06.00.00 Agricultural sciences
DescriptionRagweed plant became quarantine malware on the territory of Southern Russia. In the Krasnodar region it has been extended to the territory of more than 4.62 million hectares. In the areas of its growth, it causes great damage to agriculture. By developing a strong root system and aboveground, it inhibits the row crops, especially sunflower. Another problem with this weed is producing large amounts of pollen that causes allergic reactions in the majority of residents of the province. This article discusses the importance of using modern methods of ragweed oppression, including chemical and biological methods in sunflower crops
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Description
Due to the wide spread of winter barley varieties with different Phytopathologic characteristics, a serious threat to the crop is dwarf rust caused by a pathogenic fungi of the Puccinia. The article presents the results of phytosanitary studies conducted in different agroclimatic zones of the North Caucasus region for the period from 2013 to 2015. Electronic maps of levels of development and distribution of dwarf rust are based on phytosanitary inspection. On the experimental field called «Kuban» as well as rust nursery of VNIIBZR we have performed an immunological evaluation of the sustainability of winter barley accessions to the pathogen of the dwarf rust on natural and artificial infectious backgrounds in the period from 2013 to 2015. The article reflects the objective characteristics of varieties and lines of winter barley with a relative stability to the North Caucasian population Puccinia hordei. The most promising varieties and lines of winter barley of the KubGAU breeding were selected during operation. These varieties and lines are highly resistant to rust and dwarf, they also have other valuable features. The article presents information on the best yield varieties and lines of winter barley as well as on gross yield and sowing area
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SYNTHESIS OF SUBSTITUTED PYRIDINE- 3-SULFONYL ISOCYANATES AND PYRIDINE- 3-SULFONYL UREAS
DescriptionAcylation of amides substituted with pyridine-3- sulfonic acids oxalil-chlorides and phosgene was studied. New pyridil-3-sulfonil isocyanates were synthesized. The conditions for this synthesis were optimized by taking into account the detailed understanding of this acylation. The synthesized pyridine-3-sulfonyl isozyanates were converted to pyridine-3-sulfonyl ureas. Biological activity of the new compounds was studied and the substances with high herbicidal effect were found
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EFFICIENCY OF CHEMICAL FUNGICIDES AGAINST LEAF TAN SPOT OF WHEAT
06.00.00 Agricultural sciences
DescriptionIn recent years leaf tan spot had dominated into pathogenic complex of wheat in southern Russia. The causative agent of this disease is hemibiotrophic ascomycete Pyrenophora tritici-repentis (Died.) Drechsler; imperfect state of Drechslera triticirepentis (Died) Shoem. It causes two different symptoms in susceptible wheat varieties: chlorosis and necrosis. Under epiphytotic disease progression crop losses can achieve 65%. One of the most important elements of phytosanitary control of wheat cenosis is scientifically relevant chemical fungicides application. Biological efficiency of some fungicides against Pyrenophora tritici-repentis has been estimated. Research was conducted on the experimental ground of FSBSI ARRIBPP on the variety susceptible to the pathogen – Krasnodarskaya 99. Preparations were tested one time at leaf-tube formation (Z37) phase or two times: at leaf-tube formation (Z37) and start of heading (Z51) stages. Double treatment was more effective than a single one. Fungicides “Amistar extra” and “Prozaro” have got the high biological efficiency – 80,7 and 83,7%, consequently, and longer protective period (up to 40 days) in comparison to every tested fungicides
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NEW GROWTH REGULATORS OF THE WINTER WHEAT
06.00.00 Agricultural sciences
DescriptionSome derivatives of 3-aminothieno[2,3-b]pyridines, N-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridinil-3-carboxamides and substituted naphthalene-2-sulfonic amides were synthesized for the search of the new winter wheat growth regulators. The growth regulating activity of the new compounds was studied and the substances with high growth stimulating effect were found
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BARLEY LEAF RUST (PUCCINIA HORDEI OTTH. PATHOGEN) IN THE NORTH CAUCASUS: SPREAD AND RASE COMPOSITION
DescriptionThe spread of barley dwarf rust pathogen has been studied in five agro-climatic zones of North Caucasus in 2012-2013. The race composition of the North Caucasian pathogen population was identified