№ 115(1), January, 2016
Public date: 27.01.2016
Archive of journal: Articles count 86, 182 kb
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EXPECTED PROFIT OPTIMIZATION OF CONSULTING COMPANY USING THE METHODS OF DYNAMIC PROGRAMMING
DescriptionThe article presents the methods of specialists’ distribution for a consulting company between its projects in accordance with the methodology of dynamic programming for expected profit maximization. For its implementation, a mathematical model is being formed with nonlinear objective function and linear restrictions. The non-linearity of the objective function is due to the specifics of consulting companies and their size. The model includes probability parameters determined by expert evaluations method based on previous experience of the company in the analogical works and describing successful implementation of each project in its portfolio. Then the parameter and function of the state, satisfying recurrence are considered and linear replacement is performed to reserve a minimum number of experts on each job. The article gives a hypothetical example of a consulting company, including in its portfolio five projects with the mentioned profits in case of their success. On its basis, the developed method is implemented as a 5-step procedure of modeling of unknown parameters. Economic impact of the methods’ application is estimated . The developed model and method can be used by specialists in consulting companies, as well as in service industries
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ANALYSIS OF EFFICIENCY OF ACTIVITY OF MANAGING SUBJECT OF VINE INDUSTRY
DescriptionFor the analysis of the effectiveness and the efficiency of entrepreneurial activity of organizations we apply a system of indexes, characterizing the level of the use of production resources: labor, floorspace, average annual cost of the combined assets, average annual cost of circulating assets, including supplies, average annual cost of own capital, production expenses, including financial expenses. As a quantitative result of activity of managing subject we use volume cost indexes, characterizing an effect: gross products are in current prices; profit yield from sales; gross revenue; income from sales; income to taxation; net income [1, 2, 3]. The high-quality indexes of efficiency of the use of production resources: gross products in current prices on an average annual worker; profit yield from sales on an average annual worker; gross. The analogical set of indexes of efficiency is applied, determining correlation of different types of effect and other resources. That determine an index, characterizing correlation of gross products in current prices and floorspace (in agricultural organizations we use 1 ga of lands, in point-of-sale – 1 m2 of point-ofsale area, in industry – 1 m2 of floorspace of factory, factory, workshop); correlation of profit yield from sales and floorspace; correlation of different. Then we determine indexes, characterizing correlation of different types of effect and average annual cost of the combined assets, correlation of different types of effect and average annual cost of circulating assets, production supplies, property asset, production expenses, and financial expenses. In obedience to methodical positions of analysis of indexes, characterizing the results of activity of managing subjects, we probe the dynamics of indexes for the last 3 – 5 years with the purpose of exposure of it. Important in research of indexes and efficiency of entrepreneurial activity is the use of factor analysis, allowing defining a quantitative measure influence of factors on the change of analyzable index, to ground backlogs of increase of efficiency. Most acceptable in the analysis of influence of factors there is a reception of chain substitution on the dynamics of indexes of efficiency of the use of production resources
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THEORETICAL ASPECTS OF THE FORMATION OF A LAND MARKET
DescriptionThe article substantiates theoretical aspects of the formation of a land market. It is shown that there is a problem of insufficient knowledge of its formation. The article lists the features of land as part of the natural environment, a factor of production, part of the capital, a real estate object, defining features of the land market. It is shown that supply in the land market in the short term is elastically, despite the fixed supply at any given moment, and inelastically in the long term. We substantiated expediency evaluation of public and private land market in terms of turnover, which expresses the ratio of the total land area of transactions in the segmental markets to the total amount of land in some form of ownership. We proposed to evaluate the development potential of the turnover of the analyzed segment of public sector land market with the help of the methodology of growth curves. This work presents internal and external macroeconomic factors and institutions that form the infrastructure of the land market. It concludes about the need to improve the institutions of valuation of land, land banks, information base, land management and real estate cadastre. We proposed to study the land market from the standpoint of neoinstitutionalism. In accordance with the theory of Ronald Coase, this work shows the significance of transaction costs for the development of the land market. We clarified the classification of the transaction costs arising before and after the transaction O. Williamson, in relation to the land market and concluded on the need to reduce them. We substantiated the necessity of state regulation of the land market, improvement of economic land management practices
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06.00.00 Agricultural sciences
DescriptionThis article summarizes results of the research on the assessment of soil erosion effectiveness of crops and the rationale of the practical application of phytomeliorative actions aimed at improving the erosion resistance of slope lands. We have obtained values of the resistance of soils to erosion under agricultural crops and in terms of pure steam and calculated the indicator of the efficiency of soil conservation crops. The tests allowed differentiating the crops on well, poorly and very poorly in protecting forest soils from erosion
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TECHNICAL REFINEMENT OF GRAIN CROP PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGIES
DescriptionThere have been suggested the courses of refinement of the crop production technologies, has been studied the efficiency of multipurpose assemblies (MPA) in the process of mechanization of plant growing, which provide the production of competitive agricultural products, more perfect machinery construction and tools, improving the quality of automated tasks completion, the issues of machine stock renovation, raising the effectiveness of their use, complexity of tasks, integrity and continuity of the working process, environmental safety of the production. The high level of the complex task performance is based on combining several technological operations, completed during a single pass of MPA, drastically refining the basic variants of the technologies. Using the example of the multipurpose assembly Vector for stubble tillage, introduction of mineral fertilizers, planting of intercrops and packing of soil, we can observe a significant advantage of the suggested technology in comparison with using a mass produced single-function machine. Combining several technological operations in a single MPA pass guarantees agritechnical, ecological, energetic and economic efficiency. However, no attention is still paid to the issue of the crop losses decrease (direct and indirect) during harvesting, as well as to the problem of the complexity of postharvest tasks simultaneously with harvesting (tillage, planting of intercrops, introducing fertilizers, etc). In the current article we have provided the results of these studies. Respecting the regulations of environmental safety of technical units leads to the soil fertility raise and the pollution decrease of agricultural products. All of them are carried out in the technical support of the crop production technologies
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THE ASSESSMENT OF THREATENED MISCARRIAGE USING REGULATIONADAPTIVE STATUS
DescriptionThe index definition of regulatory-adaptive status in women with the threat of termination of pregnancy in the first trimester is a highly predictor of pregnancy outcome and should be used in obstetric hospitals and antenatal clinics
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Description
The significance of humus content in soils of the Krasnodar region is decreased. Losses amount is 0,03- 0,05 % every year. The main means of preservation of soil fertility is the introduction of such organic fertilizers as manure. The availability of manure’s use has decreased significantly in connection with the reduction of livestock in agricultural organizations of the Krasnodar region. It causes the necessity of searching of other ways of replenishing of soil fertility. The challenge is to ensure a positive balance of organic matter in soil without application of manure. The reproduction of the soil fertility can be achieved at the expense of proper selection of agricultural cultivars in the crop rotation and provision of optimal structure of sown areas. The modeling of the structure of sown areas using the developed economic-mathematical model allows to determine the optimal composition and the areas of crops for maximum gross or net income with a positive balance of humus. It is proposed to use the general indicators of economic evaluation - gross or net income, increased (decreased) in the value added of (left) humus to assess the effectiveness of land use. The calculations were made on the example of the Ltd Company “Vorontsovskoe” of Dinskoy District, they may be adopted for any agricultural organization
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Description
Via the method of visualizing the excitation in the high frequency field there were discovered the efferent signals in the frog medulla oblongata, which were related to the heart rhythm
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Description
Questions of microbial plant protection become more relevant. The use of microorganisms can solve the following problems: biologization of agriculture and sanitation of soil. Application of various physical factors affecting the microorganisms reduces their number. This influences the efficiency of their use. This article gives examples of the application of pressure in the biotechnological process of microbial preparations and their use in the process of spraying. The effect of pressure on nonspore bacteria - Azotobacter chroococcum, spore-forming bacteria - Bacillus megatherium and fungi - Trichoderma viride has been presented in this article. These microorganisms are used in the tank medium for protecting plants against diseases and pests developed by Ltd. "Kuban agrotehnoloogy" of Kuban State Agrarian University. Efficiency is the simultaneous application of tank medium of microorganisms with herbicide. It was found that the application of the tank medium of microorganisms for spraying is necessary to limit the pressure of 4.5 atm. Тhe use of higher spraying modes effects on reducing the number of viable bacteria. This fact has not been checked against fungi
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IMPLEMENTATION OF POTENTIAL PRODUCTIVITY OF THE OLD VARIETIES OF WINTER WHEAT
06.00.00 Agricultural sciences
DescriptionIn the article, we discuss issues of morphological and physiological control over plants of winter wheat. As the object of the research, we have selected landraces - the population of winter wheat, which was grown on the territory of the Kuban region in the last century. The aim of this work was determination of the effect on the reproductive system of winter wheat varieties of factors such as conditions of cultivation and processing "Cecece 750" 1.5 l/ha D. V. crop retardant. To achieve this goal we have conducted a morphological analysis of the growth cone at the VI stage of organogenesis, which provide quantitative evaluation of potential future seed production of spike of winter wheat. To study the effect of the year of breeding on the reproductive system of winter wheat varieties the analysis of variance was calculated according to the scheme 3×7 factorial variability characteristic due to the influence of genotype (factor B), cultivation year (factor A), that is repeated in time is interpreted as the effect of the year conditions of cultivation. The influence of retardant on the reproductive system of winter wheat varieties was conducted using the analysis of variance on the above described scheme, 2×7, where the factor "A" is presented in two gradations (options, retardant treated and not treated), in this case, repeated for years was excluded as a factor. The result of researches indicates that the rate of realized productivity is variety-specific and can serve as a measure of the flexibility of the studied cultivars to different environmental conditions. The analysis of variance showed significant retardant effect on the realization of potential productivity in all variants of the crops of soft winter wheat. The comparison of the average general population indicates that the genetic potential of tall varieties may not manifest even in favorable for crop cultivation. The artificial reduction of plant height by inhibiting the growth of retardant is an effective way to identify high productivity of these genotypes as varieties of winter and Nemenchinskaya Old No. 346