№ 115(1), January, 2016
Public date: 27.01.2016
Archive of journal: Articles count 86, 182 kb
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THE FEATURES OF THE DEVELOPMENT AND THE STATE REGULATION OF SMALL RURAL FARMING
DescriptionThe features of the process of functioning, development and regulation of agricultural growth of small agrarian farming forms (SAFF) with the participation of the state are discussed. It is noted that systematization of features of small agricultural farms plays a big role in the increasing of economic efficiency and state regulation. It is said that in certain circumstances, the same features can have both positive and negative, problematic impact, so the authors conducted their separate classification. They consider a great influence of SAFF on local development, rural employment, tax and social preferences, opportunities of cooperation, low costs and risks to create new jobs, informal management, combining the functions of manager and owner in one person, a high sensitivity to government regulation, protection of the population from the local monopoly of employers, selfdevelopment, responsibility, self-defense from external factors, and others to be positive. But SAFF work in the environment of perfect competition in the absence of market power, low, often only declared security, an underdeveloped industrial infrastructure of small farms, a high probability of unauthorized interference from shadow entities, supervisory bodies, local bureaucracy, institutional limitations in the access to information, counseling material and financial resources, low mobility, small size of economy, high dependence on local conditions, capacity of local raw material and consumer market, limited distribution channels, permanent market volatility, distrust of the practice of production and consumer cooperatives, the scarcity of capital, problematic accessibility to financial instruments, the high cost of credit, low legitimacy, the credibility of the decisions of the local bureaucracy is considered to be negative
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ERICH FROMM’S INTERPRETATION OF MASS MAN DESTRUCTIVENESS
DescriptionThis article reviews interpretative position of prominent German philosopher and psychologist Erich Fromm on mass men destructiveness analysis. As a rule, to reach a goal of well-balanced embedding into consumer society structure, mass man passes through stages of deindividualization and common averaging by accepting prescribed general postulates of society’s authorities. Nevertheless, own personality refusal and ‘rules of the game’ following adduct to moral degradation, which causes destructiveness phenomenon. Out of socio-political regimen, destructiveness appears in attempts of ‘freedom escape’ by any possible means. Totalitarian regimen ideologically steers mass men through total subjection to defined life track by agreement of individuality sacrifice. Democratically-minded consumer societies require deindividualization and partly rights pinching in exchange of status consumption system integration. Any patterns of counteraction to these system processes are commenced by personal activity manifestation and motivation in reaching own goals. However, conformist majority is meant to live according to ideologically defined society rules
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REALISM AND THE ANTHROPOLOGICAL PRINCIPLE IN RUSSIAN PHILOSOPHY
DescriptionThe anthropologism is traditionally considered the main feature of Russian philosophy. The article reviews some anthropological ideas that have received natural development in such direction of thought as philosophical realism in the 2nd part of XIX century. Philosophical realism is positioned as a trend that has emerged within the mainstream of the basic traditions of Russian philosophy. It is noted that this direction is defined as an independent, in the wake of the strengthening of Russian science as a new cognitive paradigm. Substantively, philosophical realism is presented with the theories and concepts of the natural sciences developed in the 2nd part of XIX century. The realistic outlook, ripening in the Science environment, not only supported the anthropological tradition of Russian thought but put them on a scientific basis. It was dominated by the view that only by using scientific methods can reveal the objective laws of coexistence between man, nature and society. The article deals with the anthropological theories of Russian thinkers such as A.N. Radishchev, A.I. Galich, N.G. Chernyshevsky. The anaysis shows that realistic outlook in the natural sciences in the area of human theory relies on the principles of integrity, panmoralizm, cosmism. The conclusion is that the philosophical concepts by realistic scientists are out of attention of modern scholars. In the meantime, the study of these theories can make a significant contribution to the practical experience of comprehension of reality, as well as help to discover new sides of the domestic, national philosophy
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THE NATURE, GROWTH STAGES AND DIRECTIONS OF SMALL AGRARIAN FARMING
DescriptionIt is said, that small agrarian economy takes an important place in the market economy, creates new jobs, new sources of income in excessing labor resources of the rural sector .The transformational stages of small business development, motivation of starting up cooperation, conditions of formation of mixed economy is discussed. The development of diverse economic forms is considered here. The main ones are: small agricultural farms with low technical and energy equipment of labor, low level of mechanization and high level of manual labor. Small agricultural businesses were developed in the provision of production services in agriculture; the production of small agricultural forms of management that are embedded in a complex system of relations between technological specialization with medium and large businesses; small farms, which are independently or in cooperation aimed at commercial implementation, development and realization of innovations. It is shown that today's best practices in support of small business implement a number of avenues to reduce tax contributions to the pension funds of entities that use high technology; the use of tax holidays on property; the abolition of tax on profits of small industries, obtained through the sale of paper funds and other assets; the extension of preferential privatization rented small industries of real estate, with exemption from payment of tax on value added; the provision of annual financial aid packages to small businesses; the transfer to the budgets of the municipalities collected payment for the sale of patents from small entrepreneurial activity and other areas of support. The necessity of improving the economic instruments, replacement of the existing inefficient structure of domestic small entities, a greater motivation in creating new jobs, raising the living level of participants of subjects of small forms of managing
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Description
The article describes a new approach to the assessment of the economic system. The authors propose to assume that the system grows, if its share in the world production increases. For the qualitative assessment, we have offered to analyze the dynamics of growth of exports of products with high benefit to the foreign countries, which include engineering goods, defense, manufacturing materials. On the world market of hightech products, we have the stiff competition and the growth of exports of domestic products with high benefit indicates high level of innovation. Based on the analysis of available statistical data, we revealed a correlation between exports of innovative products, the volumes of financing research and development and foreign direct investment in the national economy. It was determined foreign capital has a negative impact on exports of products with high benefit. The authors proposed a two-factor regression model, which allows you to make short-term forecasts and allocate resources. The study showed that despite the ongoing economic sanctions and unsuccessful economic reforms in the past, Russia has a high potential for innovation, which is activated when reducing the influence of foreign capital. Attempts to isolate the Russian economic system led to the mobilization of resources and the growth of innovation activity of domestic business
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HEMATOLOGICAL PARAMETERS OF PIGS WHEN USING YAKON TUBERS AND ADSORBENTS IN RATIONS
06.00.00 Agricultural sciences
DescriptionUnder the current conditions, it is very important to boost the production of pork and improve its sanitary and hygienic quality for the successful handling of problems subjected to import substitution of meat products. This can be reached by means of strengthening of food reserve. For that purposes, in the frame of two experiments yacon tubers in combination with enzymatic agent protosubtilin GZx have been introduced in the intakes of fattening pork stores instead of fodder beat, and various doses of carbitox adsorbent have been additionally added when superfluous background of heavy metals was observed. During the 1st experiment, the substitution of fodder beet with the similar quantity of yacon tubers has allowed the animals of experimental group to outweigh the ones from the control group on 7,5% in the terms of gross formation of body weight, and to gain 100 kg of body weight for 7 days ahead of the animals from control group as well. Additionally, fodder costs per product have been reduced and the morphological and biochemical values of animals blood have been optimized. Based on the data from 2 nd experiment, it has been defined that the better dose for feeding of adsorbent carbitox was 2,0 kg per tonne of concentrates thereby the animals of 3rd experimental group had reasonably higher body weight gain and thereby higher feed-conversion ratio by products. Therewith, the animals intermediary metabolism has been speeded up due to optimization of morphological and biochemical values of blood and reduction of heavy metals content in blood serum, in other words level of zinc, lead and cadmium was not exceeding maximum allowable concentration
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Description
This article is devoted to the problem of training of University teachers-psychologists for work with children with deviant behavior. The situation in cultural and social life of Russia of the early 21st century (globalization, technical progress, the advent of mass culture and large-scale migration processes) is considered by the author as the basis for reducing the level of psychological health, the increase of destructive forms of communication and interaction of participants of various social groups, increasing on the background of socio-economic and ethno-cultural contradictions, the distribution of dependent forms of behavior, violations of the overall process of socialization and mainstreaming issues of personal development as part of vocational education at the University. The article includes analysis of practical experience of training teachers-psychologists who are ready to work with children with deviant behavior in the regional classic University. The author analyzes the possibility of organizing the educational process (the ratio of theoretical and practical forms of training, different types of practices, the use of various interactive technologies), conditions of realization of educational programs and opportunities of a particular University
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TECHNOLOGICAL REFINEMENT OF GRAIN CROP PRODUCTION INVOLVING MACHINERY APPLICATION
DescriptionThere have been suggested the courses of the machine technologies refinement in the process of spiked cereals production. The course of their technical update was studied in our previous article. There were analyzed the drawbacks of the modern machine production of crops and we presented the course of their elimination due to the technology optimization, resource and energy preservation, machine technologies of soil improvement and new innovative technological solutions. The suggested technology optimization was designed taking into account rigorous alternation of crops in the rotation, optimizing of breeds and crossbreeds, application of intermediate crops simultaneously with harvesting the previous crop, introducing progressive methods of chemical treatment and synchronous tillage. The resource and energy preservation is based on the combination of technological operations coinciding with the tasks in agricultural terms during a single machinery pass across the field, application of the mobile power unit (UPU-450), low- and ultralow capacity spraying, optimization of choice of certain agrimethods in the process of crop production and the resource calculation of estimated crop yield. In the set of soil improvement courses we have studied the mechanization of the restoration processes of natural soil formation, defecate introduction, the use of stubbly remains, compulsory presence of permanent grasses in crop rotation. New innovative solutions in the crop production technologies include the refinement of the mechanization facilities in tillage, spraying, new methods of crop harvesting (unwinnowed bread, root tow, cleaning of thrashed heap after the harvesting, etc). We have analyzed the ways of mechanization of “organic farming” and seed treatment with biologic mixtures
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CRIMINAL AND LEGAL CHARACTERISTIC OF NON-TARGETED SPENDING OF BUDGETARY FUNDS
DescriptionThe article analyses the criminal and budgetary legislation in the field of non-targeted spending of budgetary funds. Research of the official statistics provided by the General Prosecutor’s Office of the Russian Federation from 2003 to 2014 showed a decrease in the facts of nontargeted spending of budgetary funds, that, according to the authors, is a sign of high level of latency, because law enforcement and financial control authorities are facing difficulties at a stage of identification of this crime and proof of data obtained during the investigative measures. The authors of the article paid special attention to the analysis of the elements of the non-targeted spending of budgetary funds. The different points of view of the object of this crime are considered. At disclosure of objective features, the authors point to the terminological differences between the Criminal code of the Russian Federation and the Budgetary code of the Russian Federation that, undoubtedly, in practice disturb the correct qualification of the actions. By consideration the subject of non-targeted spending of budgetary funds, materials of criminal cases have been studied which allowed to reveal obvious gaps of the criminal law in this sphere. The authors formulated the proposals for improving the legislation by inclusion of the qualifying features and addition the third part of article that, certainly, has to be reflected in differentiation of criminal responsibility
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INTERVAL SPANNING TREE PROBLEM ON A TOPOLOGICAL CRITERION
01.00.00 Physical-mathematical sciences
DescriptionThe article presents the problem of spanning trees with topological criteria and interval scales. We have introduced relationship preferences and incomparability to find the complete set of alternatives in the case of interval scales. The base for mathematical calculations is interval mathematics