06.00.00 Agricultural sciences
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06.00.00 Agricultural sciences
DescriptionThe influence of the predecessor and different doses of mineral fertilizers on the yield and the quality of the winter wheat cultivar ‘Krasnodar 99’ were investigated. Investigations were carried out in the North-Kuban Agricultural Experiment Station in two ten- course crop-rotations: grain plowing and grain - grass plowing (stationary experience). The soil is the black soil, low in humus, powerful, with humus content 3,95-4,00%, depending on the nutrition in the arable soil layer (0-30sm), mineral nitrogen is 5,9-8,3 mg / kg of soil, exchangeable potassium is 330-360 mg / kg of soil. It was found that the maximum value of the winter wheat crop structure elements is noticed in the fertilizer systems with complete mineral fertilizer, and the minimum value - with PK and NK. Winter wheat yield depends on the crop rotation of 8-15%; from its predecessor - 15-18% and 27-31% of the fertilizer. The protein content was mainly determined by the fertilizer dose. Enhanced and high doses of fertilizers contributed to an increase in the protein content to 12%.A strong correlation between protein content, agronomic methods and precipitation was determined
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06.00.00 Agricultural sciences
DescriptionProductivity of seeds of cereal crops essentially depends on the quality of the seed grain, which is being defined both by biological condition of seeds and technologies and technical resources, which are being used in, machine processing of seed heap. In this connection, different injuries of weevils which are occurred while mechanical and thermomechanical influences from tools of machines and aggregates have got vital importance. Apart from the breaches of integrity of the weevil’s cover there are also exist traumatizing changes of its inside structures which are frequently covered with casings and do not being viewed with visual inspection. Conditions of inside structures of weevils were researched with radiographic method and also were defined possible types of traumatizing changes which depend on mechanical and thermomechanical influences, which were eliminated in universal classification of injures among the inside structures of seeds of agricultural cultures. Also, wу have analyzed the influence of chosen types of injuries on seeds’ sowing qualities and found that all injures of weevils essentially and differentially influenced the sowing and fruitful qualities and should be considered while choosing the technological schemes of preparation, working tools and while tuning the aggregates’ regime of work attached to the machine processing of grain and seed heap
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THE INDICES OF REPRODUCTION IN THE HERD OF MILK CATTLE IN “KUBAN” AGRICULTURAL HOLDING
06.00.00 Agricultural sciences
DescriptionThe article contains complex research results dedicated of reproduction the cattle of the animal breeding industry in the agricultural holding called “Kuban”. Key indicators characterizing reproductive function at cows were set; they were estimated in terms of the plans of the economy in the milk cattle breeding industry. The reduced values of the birth-rate of calves were revealed on 100 cows and in the term of the production use of cows, their main reasons were set. The performed calculations prove the possibility of increasing the profitability of milk production
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EFFECT OF YODDAR-ZN AND GLIMALASKVET FEED ADDITIVES ON BEEF QUALITY INDICATORS
06.00.00 Agricultural sciences
DescriptionThis article presents results of trials of feed additives called "Yoddar-Zn" and "Glimalask-Vet" to improve quality characteristic of meat of beef cattle. It was established that the most efficiency of these additives was achieved when used in complex. The carcasses of calves, which were consuming a complex of additives "Yoddar-Zn” and “Glimalask-Vet” (I c.), contained meat of the highest sort more than control by 6.48 kg, the animals which consumed only "Yoddar-Zn” (II c.) - 3.50 kg, the first-sort - at 15.19 and 7.86 kg. In experimental groups of calves there were observed more intense integral characteristics of meat color. The flesh of carcasses from the calves of experimental groups, the fat was higher than control, 0.13 and 0.07%, protein - by 1.79 and 0.97%. Animals experimental groups synthesized more protein at 5.45 kg, or 13.70%, and 2.62 kg, or 6.59%, energy - to 304.3 MJ, or 18.17%, and 146.8 MJ, or 8.77%. Meat of experimental animals, contained more essential amino acids. Protein meat quality indicator was higher than control, 0.73 and 0.28, amino acid index - by 0.17 and 0.04. The meat from calves of experimental group had a higher culinary and technological parameters, optimal fractional composition of muscle protein and lipid composition of adipose tissue, better digestibility
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06.00.00 Agricultural sciences
DescriptionThis article presents the results of the impact of "Gorlinka" mustard protein-containing feed concentrate in the feeding of broiler chicken of the cross of "Cobb-500" on their performance and nutrient digestibility of the feed. The studies were conducted in the conditions of Krasnodonskaya Poultry farm in the Ilovlinskiy district of the Volgograd region. Full or partial replacement of sunflower meal with "Gorlinka" mustard proteincontaining feed concentrate in the feed mixture for the experimental broiler chickens contributes to the increase of the coefficients of digestibility of nutrients compared to the birds in the control group. The use of "Gorlinka" mustard protein-containing feed concentrate in the composition of feed for broiler chickens has contributed to higher coefficients of digestibility of nutrients: dry matter – 0.51-1,37%, organic matter – 0.6-1,99 %, crude protein by 0.8- 2,24 %, crude fiber – 0,34-1,65 %; crude fat – 0.94- 2,29%, compared to the birds in the control group. Nitrogen balance was positive in all groups; the use of nitrogen from the accepted experimental broiler chickens was higher in the experimental groups than in the control by 2.89-of 7.93 %. The use of nitrogen from digested nitrogen was higher in the experimental groups in comparison with the analogues from the control group by 2.65-of 7.97 %. The use of calcium and phosphorus by poultry was also higher in the experimental groups
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STARTING MATERIAL FOR BREEDING COLD TOLERANT RICE VARIETIES
06.00.00 Agricultural sciences
Description27 introduced variety samples of rice from 8 countries were studied by the complex of biological, morphological, agronomic traits to select the most valuable genotypes for including them into breeding programs on development of cold tolerant rice varieties. It was found that the studied introduced varietal samples were characterized by variation in duration which varied from 120 to 182 days. Variety samples from Bhutan ATTEY, PARO DUMBJA (White) had shown response to photoperiod and the panicles didn’t appear in conditions of Krasnodar region. During the study there were selected high productive forms Obongbueo and Tinbubueo from S. Korea with grain weight 81.67 g / vessel and 74.43 g / vessel, respectively. According to results of research there were selected five cold tolerant samples Tong Jing 29 (China), Giza 178 (Egypt), Istigbol and Mustagillik (Uzbekistan), ZAKHA (Bhutan), evaluation result of which were on the same level with those of standard check variety Kuban 3, as well as those of samples with increased resistance IR83222- F8-14 and IR83222-F8-156 (Philippines), PARO DUMBJA (White) and THIMPHU DUMBJA (Bhutan). As a result of research there were selected three introduced rice variety samples Tong Jing 29 (China), Tinbubueo (S. Korea) and SR 30084-F8-156 (Philippines) which by duration, morphotype and agronomic traits are considered as candidates for further hybridization and breeding as sources of useful traits and properties
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06.00.00 Agricultural sciences
DescriptionThe fattening of Holstein cattle for more than 90 % provides the beef cattle division of the firm «Agrocomplex» based in the village of Vyselki, the Krasnodar region. The share of the Aberdeen Angus breed is 6.3 % and Charolais at 0.6 %. The reason for insufficient supply with fattening complex of Charolais cattle is a high indicator of severe parturition, postpartum complications, and reduced productive longevity of cows of breeding herds of these breeds. In a "Livestock complex" bulls of breeds of Holstein, Charolais and Aberdeen Angus reach the required values of live weight for the established standards of the breeding time. Charolais have the best indicators of absolute and relative weight gain and the shortest feeding season. The profitability of cattle fattening in CJSC company "Agrocomplex" is low, but the efficiency of the industry is ensured by the presence of its own processing plants. To improve the profitability of beef production it is required to increase the proportion of specialized breeds for meat productivity; to generate the most uniform by age and live weight of the group; identify the cause of the high rate of culling of Charolais cows for postpartum complications and take action to address them
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06.00.00 Agricultural sciences
DescriptionThe reaction of winter wheat of Krasnodar Agricultural Research Institute selection that is included in the State Register of selection achievements in the Russian Federation, on the predecessor, the sowing time and the level of mineral nutrition in 2008 - 2010 was studied in "Severokubanskaya agricultural experimental station" P.P. Lukyanenko Krasnodar Agricultural Research Institute, located in the northern area of the region. The objects of research were cultivars ‘Bezostaya 1’, taken as a standard, ‘Tanya’, ‘Grom’, ‘Sila’, ‘Ligue 1’, ‘Irishka’ and ‘Yumpa’, with a specific weight of strong wheat (excluding the cultivar ‘Bezostaya 1’) - 57.1%, essential - 28.6%, weak - 14 3%. The predecessors are winter wheat, sunflower, white mustard. Seed dates: the 20th of September (optimal for determining the originator of the cultivar) the 1st and 10th of October. The background of mineral nutrition is N0P0K0, N60P30K30 and N120-160P90K60. The soil is an ordinary powerful heavy-loam chernozem with humus content in the soil layer 0 - 30 cm 3.95 - 4.00%, of mineral nitrogen - 8.3 - 10.7 mg / kg of soil, of mobile phosphates - 22.4 - 26 6 mg / kg of soil, of exchangeable potassium - 330 - 360 mg / kg of soil. Weather conditions during the research were extremely contrasting, both by the precipitation and by the temperature conditions. Based on these studies, it was found that five or six cultivars of this crop that differ in biological and economic features, the reaction on the predecessor, soil fertility and sowing terms as well as adapted to the specific soil and climatic conditions should be used to obtain consistently high yields of winter wheat. Well-chosen cultivars, predecessors and sowing terms predecessors allow without additional cost on the unfertilized background to increase the yield on 0.20 - 0.79 t / ha. Together with the growth of yield, the technological quality of grain is improved: protein content by 0.5 - 2.4%, fibrin content - 1.7 - 7.6%. The principle of mosaic use of cultivars with specific predominance of strong wheat is 57.1%, essential - 28.6%, weak - 14.3%, it allows to produce the grain when you apply the minimum dose of 12.5% protein content, 20.9% of fibrin content. When using N90P60K60 respectively 13.3 and 23.6% at a dose N120-150P90K60 - 14.4 and 26.8% with an average of 13.5 - 24.0%
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06.00.00 Agricultural sciences
DescriptionThe researches were carried out with the support of the Federal state budget establishment "The development assistance fund of small forms enterprises in scientific-technical sphere" (Fund for the innovation promotion), contract number 0019671. The fodder additive «Nutovit» in growing chickens feeding application enriched mixed fodder for farm poultry with protein and especially with the amino acid such as lysine. Scientific-economic experiment was carried out at the poultry-farm enterprise of the Volgograd region in 2015-2016. 4 growing chicken groups with 54 heads in each group were selected for the experiment. The growing chickens were selected according to the cross, age, living body weight, health status. The difference in experimental poultries feeding was that in the experimental groups the sunflower oil cake in the feed mixture was replaced by fodder additive "Nutovit". It was established, that the essential amino acids availability and the saturation of fodder additives with vitamins influence positively on: young chickens live weight and average daily growth, the live weight to 120-days age in the second experimental group amounted to 1657 g, and average daily growth was to 12.46 g, which is higher compared to the control group by 4.48 % at 100% poultry livability; blood morphological and biochemical composition: formed elements of blood, namely erythrocytes, in the experimental groups young chickens blood were more in 0.02 to 0.05×1012/l compared with the control one. The researches established that blood leukocytes reduction in growing chickens of the experimental group was little, in 0.04, 0.09, 0.08 ×109 l. Calcium content in growing chickens blood in the control group was 2.6 mmol/L. The experimental group surpassed the control on 0.14-0.21 mmol/L. The phosphorus content in chickens blood in the experimental groups exceeded the control one by 0.08-0.24 mmol/l. In addition, the feeding cost reduction was established due to the fodder additive "Nutovit" use
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METHOD OF INCREASING THE PRODUCTIVITY OF BROILER CHICKENS THROUGH THE USE OF FUNCTIONAL ADDITIVE
06.00.00 Agricultural sciences
DescriptionIn the experimental work, we studied the effect of the inulin prebiotic on the growth, development and efficiency of growing broiler chickens of the Isa cross. In accordance with the scheme of the experiment, the first control group was fed a complete feed (CF) by periods of growth. In the second group, inulin was added to the CF for the first 21 days of growth. In the third group prebiotic was added to the CF at the same rate throughout the whole period of rearing the chicks (42 days). In the second and third groups, we found the tendency to increase the intensity of growth rate in poultry by 1.6 and 3.0%, respectively, compared with the control. Feed costs for weight gain were decreased by 2.1-2.7%. In the chime of the blind processes of the intestine of the chickens of 2-3 experimental groups it was found the reduction of staphylococci and enterococci CFU, while similar to the control group lactobacilli CFU. The muscle tissue in the chickens of experimental groups had greater protein content. The optimal range of indicators is the use of inulin for the first 21 days of rearing poultry. Because of the production audit, an increase in live weight of chickens was found, in the experimental group by 2.7% (p ≤ 0.05), a decrease of feed costs by 7.5%, increase of the survival rate of poultry by 2.0% and profitability by 3.1%