№ 106(2), February, 2015
Public date: 28.02.2015
Archive of journal: Articles count 78, 173 kb
-
Description
The main indicators of efficiency of a cultivation machine are the following: productiveness and fuel consumption, which depend on complexity of work, operating depth and structure of the machine (type of the tractor and plough). The optimal structure of cultivation aggregate for the needs of each exact farm is complicated to do due to different determined and stochastic factors. In this case, Monte Carlo imitation modeling is proposed to use. As a result of models’ analysis, it is defined that all aggregates could be divided onto 4 groups of efficiency. Curves demonstrating dependence of fuel costs, compensation of losses caused by breakdown of agricultural terms and soil compaction caused by quantity of aggregates are built. After integration of the whole amount of aggregates into a common traditional technology of cultivation and after selection of its characteristics (quantity of aggregates, general fuel costs and losses costs, including fuel costs) it was proposed to split it onto 3 category modes: hard (according to technological mode – 2 or 5 shifts), normal (4-10 shifts), mild (6-15 shifts). The obtained models can be successfully applied in software of on-board computers in tractors and PCs of the engineers as well. Dynamical models for other technological processes in plant breeding could be obtained in the same way. All developed models allow us to make one more step towards precision farming and reduce costs for manufacture of end products
-
MAIN PRINCIPLES OF CREATING OF COST MANAGE SYSTEM IN HOUSEHOLDING COMPANIES
DescriptionThe need for transparent movement of communal resources imposes liability on the organization for the development of accurate, reliable and understandable information for both managers and external users. There are lots of numbers of researches for the improvement for the accounting in economic subjects in the industry of housing and communal services. While the specifics of cost management in organizations providing services for managing of apartment buildings are not fully characterized. The article reveals the issues of creating accounting and cost management in the householding organization. During the research the authors identified industrial and organizational characteristics that have an impact the organization of this a system. The article highlights the key issues for improving accounting and analytical system in terms of costs formation in organizations providing management services to apartment buildings. Costs classification for a householding company is presented. Improved structure of account number 20 «Primary production» is proposed. In the article we have identified and characterized in detail the stages of creating a system of cost accounting in the householding organization. The authors revealed a number of organizational and methodological disadvantages, the removal of which would optimize system of accounting and cost management in the objects of research
-
INNOVATIVE APPROACH TOWARDS EDUCATION QUALITY ASSESSMENT AT HIGHER EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS
DescriptionOne of contemporary challenge at the educational system is a need to develop new methods and approaches enhancing quality of graduates. Transformations in our country towards market economy make us to compete with own products not only at the level of enterprises, but educational institutions as well. The article shows that the elements of the Theory of Automation are applicable to the quality analysis of the accomplishment of graduates. Issuing of latest regulation documents also supports this hypothesis and encourages the further development of mentioned methodology. In the article, special attention is paid to the funds of assessment tools because of their quality depends on the adequacy and accuracy of the information received further action of the education system. It is also shown that it is necessary to create a situation in which the student can demonstrate skills obtained, which can manifest itself not only in the classroom. Individual competence may appear in extracurricular activities, and evaluate their means can not only leading teachers, and supervisors in the dormitories, responsible for educational work, SRWS leaders, heads of educational and industrial practices, etc. The article describes the method of calculating the total level of formation of competence
-
OPTIMAL PLAN OF INVENTORY CONTROL CANNOT BE FOUND BASED ON THE FORMULA OF THE SQUARE ROOT
01.00.00 Physical-mathematical sciences
DescriptionInventory management (in other words, logistics) is an integral part of the work of firms, companies and organizations. We are talking about stocks of raw materials, fuel, tools, components, semi-finished products, finished products for industrial (or agricultural) firms, about stocks of goods to distribution centers, warehouses, shops, workplaces sellers, finally consumers. Stocks spent all the time and supplemented on various rules adopted in the firm. Optimization of these rules, ie, optimal inventory management, gives a big economic effect. The mathematical theory of inventory management, based on the models of movement of flows of goods, is an important area of economic-mathematical research. The classical model of inventory management proposed in 1915 by F. Harris is one of the simplest and most illustrative examples of application of the mathematical apparatus for decision-making in the economic field. This model is commonly referred to as the Wilson model, because this model became known after the publication of R.G. Wilson in 1934. The formula of the optimum batch size (the so-called "the formula of the square root"), obtained in the Wilson model, is widely used on various stages of production and distribution, since this formula is practically useful for decision-making in the inventory management, in particular, for generating significant economic effect. However, contrary to popular belief, by means of this formula it is impossible to calculate the optimal batch size (although it is a necessary step on the path of its finding). In strict economic-mathematical analysis of Wilson model, conducted in the article, it is shown that the formula of square root does not give the optimal batch size. We have given the algorithm for calculating the optimal batch size. It has been found that the formula of the square root gives asymptotically optimal plan. We have studied the stability of the conclusions in the economic-mathematical model and considered an example of the practical application of the classical model of inventory management
-
PROSPECTS OF PRODUCTION AND TECHNOLOGY INFRASTRUCTURE OF AGRIFOOD MARKET OF ADYGEA
DescriptionThe article has identified, systematized and ranked by priority the factors that contribute to the content, structure and efficiency of production and the technological infrastructure of the agri–food market in the Republic of Adygea and determine the growth and improvement of product quality, the degree of resource-saving and productivity growth that allowed us to substantiate the steps of determining the level of development in the infrastructural support on the basis of building relevant factors according to their impact on the competitiveness of producers and the region as a whole. Based on the analysis of the current state of production and technological infrastructure of the agri–food market in the Republic of Adygea, we proved the need to reduce the complexity of the production processes through automation and mechanization of the most labor–intensive elements of resource and storage technologies and diversification of them through long–term storage of agri–food products. By calculating the warehouse stock and the needs of identified storage capacity we decided to reduce the unit cost for storage of agricultural products, which allowed proving return on investment in the development of resource–saving technologies in the organization of distribution logistics facilities in the region. We prove the economic feasibility of investment in on–farm storage organization of fruit and vegetables in the agricultural organizations of the Republic of Adygea in a significant seasonal shift of purchase prices and increased cost of the services of third–party storage facilities, allowing more specific ways to enhance the competitiveness of warehouses and facilities of industrial and technological infrastructure of agri-food market in general
-
PROPERTIES OF FOREST SEED SAMARA, WITHOUT PTERYGOID APPENDAGES, LEGUMES AND WITHOUT PERICARP
DescriptionProperties of forest seeds are the basic and initial data for substantiate technology and technical means constructions, to separate the seeds from the samaras and extraction them from the legumes, and also to substantiate constructive, technological parameters and operating modes of seed-cleaning machines. So far, there are not enough full information about the technological and mechanical properties of forest seeds, this makes it difficult substantiation and developing new technologies and technical means, in particular, to separate the seeds from samaras hardwoods and extracting legumes from the leguminous trees. The article presents the results of studies of technological and mechanical properties of forest seeds with samara and without pterygoid appendages: Norway maple, ash and elm ordinary, as well as legumes: honey locust, white acacia, acacia yellow and pure seed. Were studied: weight of 1000 seeds, volume weight, mass and volume coefficients, angle of repose, the coefficient of static friction and the coefficient of dynamic friction of the various working surfaces, holding strength samaras to forest seeds and strength of legumes pods. The data obtained are used for substantiate technology and technical means constructions, to separate the seeds from the samaras and extraction them from the pericarp
-
10.00.00 Philological sciences
DescriptionThe article discusses the phraseological verbalization of the concept of “Construction/строительство (стройка)”. The fundamental changes taking place in social, cultural, political life of the society may have an effect on the national language mind now. Since a human being plays the role of the main action actant and there are no mind, thought, language out of subject, he is the focus of the thought concentration, ideas, interests, imagery, sensations, notions. In the opinion of the author, appearance, disappearance, change of the certain categories and notions connected with the processes and social phenomena actualize the use of the construction vocabulary in a language and speech directly connected with the presentation of the concept of “construction“. As a result, the research of these concept language realization peculiarities is of interest. The author presents the given notion as the model of a lexical and phraseological field with the consecutive description of its structure in German and Russian. The parallel analysis of the distant periphery units is carried out according to 9 subject groups: “structures”, “parts of a building”, “interior space of a building”, “exterior space of a building”, “сonstruction materials”, “construction instruments”, “construction operations”, “craft/construction professions”, “city planning / administrative division”. The analysis of the phraseological units shows that fragments of the lexical and phraseological field of German and Russian participate in the conceptualization of the “Construction” term
-
STATE SUPPORT AS AN ELEMENT OF THE LAND RESOURCES REPRODUCTION
DescriptionThe implementation of organizational and economic activities, the most important of which is the mechanism of state support, is ensured by high efficiency of land use while maintaining soil fertility. In order to adapt to the requirements of the WTO, the order of distribution and the provision of subsidies to decoupled support to farmers in crop production (per hectare subsidies) was introduced in Russia since the beginning of 2013. These payments are directed to the compensation of the costs for the purchase of fertilizers and plant protection chemicals, financing measures to improve soil fertility and soil quality. The order of per hectare subsidies to farmers in specific subject of the Russian Federation is fixed on regional legislative level. In addition, each region has the right to establish its own criteria for budget allocation. The main conditions of the subsidy per hectare in the Krasnodar region are sown area under crops, the area sown to perennial grasses, and the area on which organic fertilizers have ever been put.This approach will contribute to the unjustified expansion of acreage by land users in the conditions of extensive production in violation of the science-based zonal technologies of field crops cultivation and, consequently, a violation of the process of soil fertility reproduction. In order to overcome the problem, the regional criteria for granting per hectare subsidies are specified in the article. They include not only traditional terms but also the level of land use efficiency and its quality, which will promote economic entities in the area for more efficient implementation methods of soil fertility reproduction
-
Description
The problems of pharmaceuticals quality and safety have been investigated as the national security essentially depends on the solving the serious problem in proper time. The state control and guaranties are very important for the provision of the population with safe and qualitative pharmaceuticals. Measures to resist adulterated pharmaceuticals (APh) circulation of legal, economic and right-protective character have been proposed. The proposed mechanism of economic and legal resistance to the APh circulation is based on the interaction of both market and the state monitoring of APh circulation, correspondence of the system of laws to the real state of things and basic tendencies in the consumers` market, neutralization of APh circulation as a measure of priority, search, of the methods of resistance as well as an increase of the interested parties attention to the above mentioned problem. Analysis of import statistics is one of the most widespread, reliable and popular tool for assessing the state of the market and analysis of supplies of imported products. Due to the high import dependence on Russian drug pharmacological market we must take series of measures aimed at improving the system of state regulation of import of medicines
-
REACTION OF APPLE-TREE VARIETIES AND STOCKS ON CHANGE OF pH OF SOIL
DescriptionThe researches are devoted to the determination of physiological parameters of grafted apple-trees joining with the level of their resistance to the change of soil рН. The experiments were carried out in the conditions of lysimetric experience with the soils use characterizing by different value of рН. The scheme of experience included the following variants of soil medium reaction: neutral (рН 7,3), typical for black soils of plain part of the region (control); weak-acid (рН 6,2) existing in soils of foothill zone of the region (grey and brown forest); strong-acid (5.1) typical for brown forest soils; weak-alkaline(рН 8.3) occurring in black soils of south and sod-carbonate soils, strong-alkaline ( рН 8.8) typical for maternal types of many black soils. There were studied the varieties of apple-trees Prima, Florina and Renet Simirenko grafted on stocks M9 and MM106 and as well as corresponding the non-grafted stocks. The reaction of grafted apple-trees on change of рН of soil is specific and depends on adaptive possibilities of grafting components: varieties and stocks. At the stock M9 we can see the active growth of shoots and roots in the meaning of pH values from 5,1 (strong-acid reaction) to 7,3 (neutral). Plants MM106 prefer neutral (pH 7,3) and weak-alkaline (pH 8,3) soils. Independently from stocks for the variety Florina the most favorable weak-acid soils and the variety Prima – mainly neutral. The variety Renet Simirenko possesses enough high and stable functional activity in the conditions of wide range of the medium reaction: from very acid to alkaline one