№ 108(4), April, 2015
Public date: 30.04.2015
Archive of journal: Articles count 91, 194 kb
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Description
Protective forest plantations, shelter belts and plantings along the highways of Central - Black Earth region and southern Russia are badly damaged, and in some areas destroyed. Therefore, they can not perform their functions and require major reconstruction or restoration. The most resistant and applicable trees and shrubs to create protective forest plantings are: maple, ash, elm species and three-thorned acacia, honey-locust, white and yellow acacia, and other legumes breeds with high drought tolerance, disease resistance, technogenic pollution and pest damage. For the creation and restoration of protective forest plantations we require seeds of these species containing pericarp. In Voronezh State Forestry Academy we have carried out a scientific research for creation of a machine for extracting seeds from the legumes. Analysis of the results of scientific research of prototyping machines showed that they were made without considered technological and mechanical properties of the legumes theoretical researches workflow machines for extracting seeds from the legumes and scientific basis of design parameters and operating modes. In this article we have a presentation of the experimental sample of the machine for extracting seeds from the legumes and theoretical investigation of the workflow in the batch hopper. According to the results of the study, we have obtained a mathematical expression, which allows you to define the parameters and modes of operation of a brush-grater device
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Description
The scientific article: "The crimes committed by legal persons in foreign countries and penalties applied to them (a systematic review of international practice)" encompasses a statement of practices in sentencing in foreign countries for crimes committed by legal entities. The article reflected the author's consistent position on the feasibility of the introduction of the Russian criminal law liability of legal persons, which is justified by reference to the experience of the institution of criminal liability of legal entities in several foreign countries, and forsake not the position of the Investigative Committee of the country, nominated in 2011, the idea of criminal liability companies. The content of the article is aimed at an exchange of views on the problems of introducing criminal liability of legal persons in the Russian criminal law. Analyzed experience in combating crime entities reasoned position as the leading experts in this area and materials jurisprudence allows fully justified to assume a legal entity as a full subject of criminal activities in Russia. In addition, the chronological period law enforcement and pluralistic views of members of the judiciary of England and the United States, determine the inevitable process of globalization of the world legal community in which Russia now occupies a prominent place
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ENERGY-LOADING OF DISKS IN “DISC-PAD” FRICTION PAIRS OF BRAKING DEVICES IN VEHICLES (part one)
Description
We’ve illustrated assessment of energy-loading of disk-pad brakes of the bus A172 in the preliminary stages of tests type I and II according to regulated standards of UNECE and we’ve established regularities of heat exchange processes in the interaction surfaces of solid and self-ventilated brake discs with high-speed currents of washing air
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LIMIT THEOREMS FOR KERNEL DENSITY ESTIMATORS IN SPACES OF ARBITRARY NATURE
01.00.00 Physical-mathematical sciences
Description
Some estimators of the probability density function in spaces of arbitrary nature are used for various tasks in statistics of non-numerical data. Systematic exposition of the theory of such estimators had a start in our work [2]. This article is a direct continuation of the article [2]. We will regularly use references to conditions and theorems of the article [2], in which we introduced several types of nonparametric estimators of the probability density. We studied more linear estimators. In this article we consider particular cases - kernel density estimates in spaces of arbitrary nature. When estimating the density of the one-dimensional random variable, kernel estimators become the Parzen-Rosenblatt estimators. Asymptotic behavior of kernel density estimators in the general case of an arbitrary nature spaces are devoted to Theorem 1 - 8. Under different conditions we prove the consistency and asymptotic normality of kernel density estimators. We have studied uniform convergence. We have introduced the concept of "preferred rate differences" and studied nuclear density estimators based on it. We have also introduced and studied natural affinity measures which are used in the analysis of the asymptotic behavior of kernel density estimators. We have found the asymptotic behavior of dispersions of kernel density estimators and considered the examples including kernel density estimators in finite-dimensional spaces and in the space of square-integrable functions
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AREAS OF RUSSIAN CONSUMER MARKET TRANSNATIONALIZATION UNDER GLOBALIZATION
Description
In the article, transnationalization is considered as an objective factor of development in the context of globalization and the main areas of transnational corporations’ penetration in the Russian consumer market are identified. The Russian market is significantly attractive for commodity and food transnational corporations. The main objective of the majority of TNCs is the introduction and expansion to the markets in order to trade goods, produced in the third countries. Investment is primarily made in the sphere of circulation. Transnational corporations are gradually capturing not only foreign, but domestic wholesale and retail trade. Consumer market globalization is confirmed by the world trade growth, the volume of foreign capital investment, and the international labor intensification. At present, considering the domestic consumer market attractiveness, in the majority of the Russian food market sub-sectors, the large share of investments belongs to the foreign corporations. A significant part of the Russian food industry is concentrated in the hands of transnational corporations, which can control the retail food prices and purchasing prices for agricultural commodities. Despite the contradictory effects of transnational activity, TNCs determine the dynamics and structure of the consumer market promote goods and services conforming to the international standards, stimulate the competitiveness of domestic manufacturers
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PROSPECTS AND FEATURES OF BIOGASOLINE STATIONS
Description
The article deals with one of the promising areas belonging to energy-saving technologies; it is the introduction of biogasoline stations into agricultural production. The analysis of the application in the world has been shown. To determine the cost-effectiveness of biogasoline stations we have shown the data for the calculation of the potential of biomass: organic waste settlements; animal waste; waste of poultry; crop residues; waste processing industry. We have obtained graphic dependences of electricity generated in the day from livestock and poultry, as well as the number of sunflower, rice, and sugar beets. The table also shows the thermal properties of organic agricultural wastes, allowing increasing the efficiency of calculations to determine the biomass resources. We have considered the schemes of biogasoline stations, a gas turbine power plant and a steam turbine power plant and disclosed the features of their work. To improve the operating and technical specifications of the stations intended for power generation we have proposed using non-contact generators and stabilization of parameters of electric power in their designs to carry out direct frequency converter. We have disclosed the advantages and disadvantages of biogas, as well as the direction of its effective use. It is shown that the use of all the possibilities in the complex of biogasoline stationns (production of fertilizers and motor oil, production of heat and electricity) would improve the efficiency and the payback of investment would be from 3 to 5 years, which is mainly determined by the volumes of biomass
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DEVELOPING LOW TEMPERATURE SOURCE LOCAL HEATING FOR PIGLETS
06.00.00 Agricultural sciences
Description
During the research, we have developed a low-temperature zonal heating panels with an infrared emitter to create a local microclimate for piglets in the suckling period. This heater is lightweight and durable frame in the form of an inverted box size 400 mm x 1800 mm, attached to the wall of the building swivel. Top frame mounted thermostat is connected to a temperature sensor mounted directly on a metal plate with a thickness of 1 mm, painted in black color. In the upper part of the inner carcass layer is a light insulating material, which is located directly under the low-temperature heat source is electric. Study of the optimal size of the heating panel revealed that in view of the limitations associated with the area of the machine and biological characteristics of the optimum size of the sow for 11 piglets are: width – 400 mm; length – 1500 mm (at ventral position) and 1800 mm (lateral position). Comparison of different heating sources for piglets revealed that the use of infrared lamps enables newborn piglets seating area by 55.6%, while in 28 days – by 88.9%. Infrared lamps can not completely meet the recommended specifications as to ensure a more intense heat lamp to be lowered towards the floor surface, which leads to a reduction in the useful area heated. Using as a source of local heating mats and low-temperature panels satisfies pigs in the area of the den in the early suckling period at 138.9 and 200.0%, to weaning, respectively – by 48.5 and 65.5%. Thus, we have developed a low-temperature heating panels contributed to a more uniform distribution of heat in a recreation area of suckling piglets and to provide a comfortable environment at temperatures of 2-3 C lower in comparison with other methods of heating
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THE METHODS OF REPRODACTION OF LAVANDULA ANGUSTIFOLIA MILL.
Description
The article presents results of the study of lavender reproduction (Lavandula angustifolia Mill) with methods of generative reproduction (seeds), vegetative reproduction (cutting, layening, divide of buch), clonal microreproduction using the culture in vitro. The method of cloned microreproduction based on the culture of the isolated meristems which provides genetic identity of regenerated plants to initial forms and high coefficients of reproduction, improvement of landing material from fungal and bacterial infection, and also release from viruses at a combination with methods of thermotherapy and a chemotherapy is the most effective for the solution of objectives of seed farming of a lavender. As a material for carrying out researches we had plants of lavender (Lavandula angustifolia Mill), Sineva sorts, Stepnaya and perspective selection samples 337-9 and 310-17. Apical meristems 0,2-1,0 mm high isolated from top and axilary buds of a stalk of annual plants have been used as explant. Murasige and Skuga (MS) used as a basic nutrient medium for cultivation of the isolated meristems. Explants have been cultivated in the cultural room with 25-26 0C - temperature, lighting – 2-3 lx, relative humidity – 60-70%. It has been established that both April and October are the best month for isolation of meristems correspond calendar to phases of spring and autumn growth at the lavender donor plants and that optimum is an agar nutrient medium of MS, added with kinetin (1,0 mg/l) and GC (1,0 mg/l); frequency of regeneration of all studied genotypes was 90,0-100,0 %. Feature of morphogenesis of lavender meristems in vitro culture was already at the first stage of clonal microreproduction as there was a multiple shoot formation. Studying of features of development of lavender microplants during ten passages also was carried out, as the level of stability of regeneration processes throughout several cycles of a miсrograftage is one of important factors on which efficiency of microreproduction depends. We have also shown, that the efficiency of reproduction remains at the stable level of the sort named Sineva and sample #337-9 to the 8th passage (1:7,77-12,45 and 1:7,60-11,85 respectively), at the variety called Stepnaya - to the 7th passage (1:6,10-11,81), at the sample #310-17 - to the 6th passage (1:6,17-8,37)
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Description
The article deals with the study of the theoretical and methodological approaches of the creation of competitive strategies in the retail market of banking products and services; of specific features of competition in this market; of essence, nature, objects and factors of competition, the bank’s competitiveness at macro and micro levels. There were found structural and logical relationships that reflect the interaction of the main elements and parameters of micro and macro environment in determining the competitiveness of a commercial bank in the article. On the basis of different interpretations on the concept of «strategy», analysis theory and methodology of banking strategic management of B. Karloff, M. Porter, G. Hamel, classification strategies the authors argue that the development of competitive strategy of bank with the aim of forming its financial behavior promotes the formation of a favorable institutional environment and business climate. The authors of this article have concluded, that banks need to developing their competitive strategy in the context of the institutional trend in accordance with their social mission. The mission of the bank is a role in the society, philosophy, promising estimated model, orientation of the activities which is corresponding with objectives. Financial behavior of banks regardless of their strategy, concept of development, which is determined by the degree of competition in the market of banking products and services
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ON SOME APPROACHES TO ECONOMICMATHEMATICAL MODELING OF SMALL BUSINESS
01.00.00 Physical-mathematical sciences
Description
Small business is an important part of modern Russian economy. We give a wide panorama developed by us of possible approaches to the construction of economic-mathematical models that may be useful to describe the dynamics of small businesses, as well as management. As for the description of certain problems of small business can use a variety of types of economic-mathematical and econometric models, we found it useful to consider a fairly wide range of such models, which resulted in quite a short description of the specific models. In this description of the models brought to such a level that an experienced professional in the field of economic-mathematical modeling could, if necessary, to develop their own specific model to the stage of design formulas and numerical results. Particular attention is paid to the use of statistical methods of non-numeric data, the most pressing at the moment. Are considered the problems of economic-mathematical modeling in solving problems of small business marketing. We have accumulated some experience in application of the methodology of economic-mathematical modeling in solving practical problems in small business marketing, in particular in the field of consumer goods and industrial purposes, educational services, as well as in the analysis and modeling of inflation, taxation and others. In marketing models of decision making theory we apply rankings and ratings. Is considered the problem of comparing averages. We present some models of the life cycle of small businesses - flow model projects, model of capture niches, and model of niche selection. We discuss the development of research on economic-mathematical modeling of small businesses
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