№ 124(10), December, 2016
Public date: 30.12.2016
Archive of journal: Articles count 99, 268 kb
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06.00.00 Agricultural sciences
06.00.00 Agricultural sciences
DescriptionThe article presents the data of 40-year-old variety-trial cultivation of hybrid black poplar and balsamic sections, as a result of which addressed issues of selection range of appropriate varieties, their cultivation technology, aspects of agrotechnology and protection against pests. At the same time, it absorbed and non-forest land reclamation funds, in particular sandy and shell, lowhumus, floodplain soils. As a result, the five-year variety trials found that under the conditions of the Eastern Azov on humus shell rock underlain by low-mineralized groundwater on accessible depth for roots (up to 150 cm), the most highly productive and are stable clones of Euro-American poplar: Brabantika-175, Sanrau-59, a Moshnyi-236 and 195 , Bahel, ZS-33 Vernirubens, 60001/1, Caroline-162. In terms of growth, they are superior to the local Canadian poplar and other varieties of poplars. Resistance to environmental and biological factors of the environment most highly productive species and varieties of poplars are much higher than the low productivity. Culture of poplar planting might create unrooted plants directly on the silvicultural area, which reduces the cost of rooting plants at the nursery, their digging and transportation and provides a high survival rate. Culture of poplar are used for the afforestation of poor sandy forest-steppe zone arrays, often introduced as the main breed at shelterbelt afforestation
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THE SYSTEM OF PROTECTIVE FOREST PLANTATIONS IN THE CONDITIONS OF CENTRAL CHERNOZEM REGION IN RUSSIA
06.00.00 Agricultural sciences
DescriptionThe article presents the indicators of the protective afforestation of the Central black earth region, biometric growth index, agricultural and environmental impact of forest belts, efficiency of agroterritories
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STARTING MATERIAL FOR BREEDING COLD TOLERANT RICE VARIETIES
06.00.00 Agricultural sciences
Description27 introduced variety samples of rice from 8 countries were studied by the complex of biological, morphological, agronomic traits to select the most valuable genotypes for including them into breeding programs on development of cold tolerant rice varieties. It was found that the studied introduced varietal samples were characterized by variation in duration which varied from 120 to 182 days. Variety samples from Bhutan ATTEY, PARO DUMBJA (White) had shown response to photoperiod and the panicles didn’t appear in conditions of Krasnodar region. During the study there were selected high productive forms Obongbueo and Tinbubueo from S. Korea with grain weight 81.67 g / vessel and 74.43 g / vessel, respectively. According to results of research there were selected five cold tolerant samples Tong Jing 29 (China), Giza 178 (Egypt), Istigbol and Mustagillik (Uzbekistan), ZAKHA (Bhutan), evaluation result of which were on the same level with those of standard check variety Kuban 3, as well as those of samples with increased resistance IR83222- F8-14 and IR83222-F8-156 (Philippines), PARO DUMBJA (White) and THIMPHU DUMBJA (Bhutan). As a result of research there were selected three introduced rice variety samples Tong Jing 29 (China), Tinbubueo (S. Korea) and SR 30084-F8-156 (Philippines) which by duration, morphotype and agronomic traits are considered as candidates for further hybridization and breeding as sources of useful traits and properties
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DEVELOPMENT OF EARLY-RIPENING WHITE CABBAGE VARIETIES IN THE SOUTH OF RUSSIA
06.00.00 Agricultural sciences
DescriptionEarly-ripening white cabbage has a special place among the vegetables cultivated in Kuban region. It opens the pipeline of vegetables from the open ground and is supplied to other regions at a time when shortage of vegetables of domestic production is felt the most. Modern producer requirements to domestic hybrids are the highest - product quality, uniformity and productivity should not concede to foreign analogues. Ways to improve the quality of early ripening hybrids: development of lines based on modern foreign hybrids, high uniformity of lines by morphological and economic traits. Development of male sterile lines and dihaploid lines in culture in vitro can more successfully solve the problem of quality of early ripening hybrids. The use of the above methods and approaches helped develop series of inbred lines - gene sources for complex agronomic traits. On the vase of obtained lines promising earlyripening hybrids were developed. One of the hybrids, Ritsa F1, entered the State register of breeding achievements. Advantages of the hybrid: earliness, uniformity and high marketability of heads, high productivity. According to results of contest trial new hybrid Milana F1 is passed for State trial, this hybrid has high productivity potential for growing in sale cropping. Both hybrids were produced with the participation of male sterile line Dt46f, resistant to fusarium. High quality seeds of these hybrids were produced in a greenhouse in direct crop for a wide industrial and environmental testing
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06.00.00 Agricultural sciences
DescriptionNumerous studies have found a different quality of the buds along the length of the fruit arms, which expressed various degrees establishing embryonic inflorescences in the central buds. It is revealed that many of the grapes have more fruit-bearing eyes formed on average (4-6 knots) and upper (7 to 10 knots) levels of fruit escape, compared to the lower (1-3 nodes) layer. In connection with the different quality of the buds along the length of fruit vines should be used and different ways of cutting them. It is necessary to consider the biological characteristics of varieties, ways of doing and shaping the bushes, the weather conditions of the area during the growing season and relative calm. To receive annually a stable high yield of grapes, we must first set the optimal length of pruning fruit shoots and optimal load on the Bush healthy eyes. This requires for each class on the eve of trimming bushes to carry out the analysis of the wintering holes along the length of the fruit shoots and to identify the embryonic fruitfulness of Central buds, i.e. to carry out the prediction of grape yield next year. The article presents data on the formation of the embryonic fruitfulness of Central buds of wintering buds at the Taman group of grapes – Arcadia, Viorica, Hibernal, Cabernet Sauvignon, Merlot, Moldova, Pinot white, Riesling, Saperavi, Traminer pink, Tsimlyansky black, Chardonnay. Found higher rates of embryonic fruitfulness of Central buds buds in the studied grape varieties - Chardonnay, Riesling, Viorica, Hibernal, Merlot, Moldova, where the coefficients of fruiting ranged from 1.40 m from Riesling to 1.69 from Merlot; factor productivity of 1.58 from the Chardonnay to 1.77 from Merlo. The high percentage of fruitful buds from 80,8 from Cabernet Sauvignon to 95.6 in the cultivars Merlot and Chardonnay. A higher percentage of eyes with 2 embryonic buds in the cultivars Merlot and Viorica who have this indicator amounted to, respectively: 75,6 and 70.6%. Forecasting a crop of grapes next year to trim the bushes on the proposed method will provide a full crop of grapes
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THE POLITICAL CRISIS IN THE KALMYK KHANATE AT THE BEGINNING OF THE 18TH CENTURY
DescriptionThe article deals with a political crisis in the Kalmyk khanate and the departure of the part of the Volga Kalmyks from South Russia to the borders of the Jungar khanate at the beginning of the XVIII century. The dramatic events of 1701–1702 which were caused by a race for power in a khanʼs family or by an attempt of «palace revolution» are considered in chronological sequence. This conflict was used by the representatives of the Kalmyk ruling elite who were dissatisfied with the khan Ayukaʼs policy and interested in the change of the political power. But the support of the tsarist government given to the Kalmyk khan ruined the plans of the conspirators and some part of them embracing 15 thousand of nomad tents moved on to the territory of Jungaria. This event which cardinally influenced on the alignment of forces in the Oirat society considerably weakened the Kalmyk khanate and correspondingly increased the population size in the Jungar khanate
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STATE POWER VERTICAL IN KALMYK ASSR ACCORDING TO THE CONSTITUTION OF 1937
DescriptionIn order to describe the state of the power vertical in Kalmykia an analytical review of the Constitution of the RSFSR in 1937 and the Constitution of the Kalmyk ASSR in 1937 was made in this paper. The study reveals features of construction of the vertical of the supreme bodies of state power. The conclusion is that the system of construction of the vertical of higher authorities, establishes a sign of a unitary form of state-territorial structure
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Description
The article investigates the activities of public-political organizations of the Donetsk region, defended the idea of federalization of Ukraine and integration with Russia. A review was done for similar organizations operating in the region since the early 1990-ies to 2014. Based on the research activities of these organizations, the authors come to the conclusion about the regularity of the split of Ukraine in 2014, however, they believe that the separation of Donbass was not only due to the activities of separatist organizations, but first and foremost, because of the policy of the Ukrainian government
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Description
The article deals with the problem of assessing the quality of land settlements of Krestetsky uyezd in Novgorod province since the time of cadaster descriptions of Novgorod land to fieldworks of Russian soil scientists. The comparative aspect studies information of cadastres in the middle of the XVI century, Economic notes to the General landsurveying of the Russian Empire in the second half of the XVIII century and "Soil and Geological essay of Krestetsky uyezd" at the beginning of the XX century. Due to this research a database included information about the settlements having existed in the territory for centuries, with the description of land quality and fertility was compiled. The analysis revealed that according to field studies, mechanical and physical composition of soils in Krestetsky uyezd within the same soil type was very diverse. General land surveying described soil based on the predominance of muddy substances, sand or clay, but at the same time the characteristic of grain yields played an important role. In the XVI century the categories of good, medium and poor lands could have the lands with the same composition of the soil, and the probability of it was especially strengthened by the prevalence of certain soils in the region. However, at the micro level of individual settlements of graveyards certain regularities in land assessment shown in the objective signs that can be identified on the country are traced. The graveyards of Derevskaya pyatina included in Krestezkiy uyezd deals with such objective indicators as worsening assessment of the quality of land including the availability of various types of clay which are subsoils of many local soils
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ABOUT SOME CONTROVERSIAL ASPECTS OF CIVIL WAR AND INTERVENTION IN RUSSIA
DescriptionThe authors have devoted some of its controversial aspects, which have been going on for decades in the scientific community, namely, the time-frame of the Civil War, its causes and about the time of its beginning. In addition to these issues, the article is considered the relationship between the socialist parties and their participation in the civil war, the role of foreign intervention in the case of incitement to war and, finally, the reasons of the defeat of the White movement. The authors did not set out to elaborate on all four stages of the civil war, and focused on the examination of its first phase, covering the period from the end of May to November 1918. The main object of consideration the question arose about the beginning of the Civil War. The authors dwell on the various points of view expressed in this historical science, argues with those of them who, in their opinion, do not withstand scientific scrutiny. They speculate about details of alternative embodiments of the historical process, try to consider the option that could have been avoided civil war, if there was a coalition of socialist parties and come to the conclusion that such a coalition was impossible and it looks ephemeral. The authors dwell on the consideration of the role that is played in the raging civil fratricidal war, foreign intervention. They rightly point out that it is military intervention exacerbated and intensified civil war, has extended its time frame, the number of dead and wounded, even more glowing civil and class hatred