№ 134(10), December, 2017
Public date: 29.12.2017
Archive of journal: Articles count 112, 287 kb
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ISSUE OF DEVELOPMENT OF NONWEEDING TECHNOLOGY OF GROWING RICE SEEDS
06.00.00 Agricultural sciences
DescriptionAn analysis of the state of contamination of rice crops with red-grained forms was carried out, as well as impurity was found both in the seed material and in the soil. It was shown that there is a need to switch to non-weeding seed growing technology when conducting elite and reproductive seed production. Various variants of soil cultivation in combating the red rice forms are considered, both in the main and in the pre-sowing treatment. It has been found that after harvesting rice on heavily foul areas, it is better to burn straw, and not to carry out autumn tillage of the soil, the seeds of red-grained forms die mostly when wintering on the soil surface. The most effective method of soil cultivation for controlling of red rice forms in seed crops has been identified, in which the yield is increased, and the contamination of crops and the resulting rice grain is significantly reduced. The work carried out will allow reducing manual labor costs in the production of seeds, improving their quality and assortment, speed up variety changing and variety updating
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STATE AND STRUCTURE OF THE STREET PLANTINGS OF THE CENTRAL PART OF EKATERINBURG
06.00.00 Agricultural sciences
DescriptionUrban trees can provide multiple environmental benefits. The study of the state of the street tree and shrubby vegetation from the analysis of inventory data and environmental conditions is purpose the article. The structure of 11 types of street roadside vegetation, which determines about 93% of the greenery composition of the city of Ekaterinburg is considered. The structure of the examined tree-shrub vegetation and all vegetation, which is part of the greening of Ekaterinburg, is compared. For each tree (shrub) was measured: species, number of stems, diameter of stem at 1,3 m, tree height, height to base of live crown, crown width, percent of branch dieback in crown, percent of canopy volume devoid of leaves, number of sides of the tree receiving sunlight from above, distance and direction to building, distance to road. As a result, homogeneity of illumination of various plant species is received. Ash ordinary has the largest of all plants values of the percent of the missing crown (61.3%) and closest distance to the road. The effect on the plants (by average distance) of urban buildings (7- 30 meters) and the proximity of the roadway (3-7 meters) was observed
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THE EXPERIENCE OF CREATING A POPULATION OF MEAT-WOOL SHEEP
06.00.00 Agricultural sciences
DescriptionThe study of the productive qualities of crossbred offspring from different breeding combinations and identifying the most effective ones providing the maximum increase in the production of high quality lamb while reducing its cost is an important problem and is essential for further development of methods of creating a new type of precocious meat and wool sheep. In the Rostov region in the result of the establishment of populations of meat-wool sheep there are several groups of animals with different characteristics and hereditary inclinations. As the base of the work there is a method of mating and breeding of sheep of the desired type. The article presents the results of one of the fragments of a large complex work in which the possibility of using three-pedigree hybrids, created with the involvement of potential salskaya, edilbaevskaya and intense meat-wool breed, which is severokavkazskaya, to improve productive quality in the breeding of sheep. We have evaluated productivity and biological features of hybrids and proved the economic efficiency of their use in the production of mutton. We have given the results of the control slaughter and assessment of qualitative indicators of the meat of young sheep. The set of indicators characterizing meat productivity and meat quality revealed that the superiority of the studied indicators remained for two - and three-bred cross cattle. Hybrids have a higher rate of growth and quality parameters of meat productivity. These options are simple and complex industrial crossing are promising and can be implemented and used on the farms of the zone of breeding Merino sheep. Thus, the use of crossbreeding gives an opportunity to convert a flock of sheep in the desired direction quickly. At the same time, three-pedigree hybrids better combine the valuable qualities of the used species
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SOIL PRODUCTIVITY OF DRAIN AGROLANDSCAPES DEPENDING ON THEIR MELIORATIVE CONDITION
06.00.00 Agricultural sciences
DescriptionIn the soils of rice fields, eluvial gley processes develop, which are manifested in redistribution of silty particles along the profile, water-soluble humus, mobile compounds of iron and phosphorus. Most intensively, these processes are developed in meadowbog soils, confined to closed depressions of the plains plain. Meadow-black soils lying on elevated relief elements have more favorable physical, physicochemical and oxidation-reduction properties for cultivating rice and accompanying crops in crop rotation. The highest yield of rice is formed on high checks and higher at 12,4 c/ha than on low ones
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06.00.00 Agricultural sciences
DescriptionThe steady development of modern pig farming dictates the need for new priorities, opportunities and requirements, such as reducing harmful environmental impacts, more efficient use of resources, and provision of comfortable conditions for the pig housing. The creation of an appropriate ITS BAT in the branch will optimize the activity of agricultural pig breeding enterprises due to the transition to performance of requirements based on BAT technological parameters, to solve the problem of energy efficiency, import substitution and increase of competitiveness. Their integration will have an effect not only on improving the ecological state of the environment, but also on the economy of agricultural enterprises providing a new approach to agricultural activity
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06.00.00 Agricultural sciences
DescriptionThe article contains data on results of calving and blood tests of heifers moved from the Astrakhan region in the Temryuk district of the Krasnodar region in the condition of early pregnancy. According to the accompanying documents, cell blood count, hemoglobin and biochemical parameters were consistent with species and age normal. Calving took place without complications and did not require delivery; received 36 of 36 calves from cows. The quality of the calves found to be satisfactory. On the 45th day of service period, clinical signs of impaired health status were present in 2 animals, however biochemical markers of liver disease, inflammation, and anemia was identified in 7 heifers. In the context of work on creation of livestock combined milk and meat productivity of inseminated heifers and heifers of the Simmental breed the Simmental semen (25 cows) and Aberdeen Angus (34 cows) breeds. Fruitfully inseminated 55 out of 60 animals; indicator of severity of calving was 8 % for Simmental cows. Calves of Simmental breed and Simmental-Aberdeen Angus cross-breeds meet the requirements for live weight at birth and the exterior. Farming on the formation of herds of milk and meat direction of productivity are found to be effective
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06.00.00 Agricultural sciences
DescriptionIn breeding programs, evaluation of initial material is made on all the stages of developing the variety. Great difficulties for the breeding process are made by absence of modern mechanisms for storing, retrieving, manipulating the relevant data, and using the information previously obtained for use in solving the set breeding task. In order to organize the management of breeding process for development of high-quality rice varieties, based on the urgency of problem of intellectual analysis of data, the Database "Rice Quality" was designed as a set of structured data - the rice quality characteristics identified in the stages of the process of developing variety belonging to the "Rice". In the domain model, the infologic model, a set of parameters for evaluating rice quality in terms of out-of-program components is defined. The program is written in the Microsoft Access database environment using built-in query building tools, forms, reports. The structure of the developed tables includes static and refreshed directories in which the necessary information is stored, the tables are combined into one-to-many relationships, while ensuring data integrity, cascading updates and deletion of fields
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ETHNIC BUSINESS IN THE ETHNOLOGICAL EXPERTISE SUBJECT FIELD
DescriptionEthnic minorities’ traditional economy and business forms are the research object. The algorithm specification of the traditional economy forms research in the structure of ethnological examinations and regional ethnological monitoring act as the purpose of the article. The list of research subjects in programs of field researches is offered: a) latent forms of the social relations regulation and their traditional outlook conditionality; b) The cause and effect relationships of the ethnic minorities traditional economic specialization transformation in rural enclaves; c) an order of formation of network (system) of the ethnic enterprises in the urban environment which are focused on services the offer: the migrants facilitating integration; preservation of political, social and economic and cultural ties with regions of "outcome"; creation of conditions for preservation of ethnic self-identification; d) problem "points" of cross-cultural communications identification. The research is conducted within the project "the South of Russia: ethnic businessmen of "house" and beyond his limits (experience of social and economic adaptation)" with financial support of the Russian humanitarian scientific fund (RGNF. Project 1701-00407)
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Description
Currently, there are two opposing tendencies in the world economy: globalization and regionalization, which are refracted in one of the tendencies of modern development, as participation of regions of different levels in international cooperation. In the conditions of slowing the registered rates of economic growth, decisions on investment activation are topical. It is important for Russian megaregions to develop their own investment incentive trajectory. The national economy of any country cannot develop effectively without involving it in foreign economic relations. Foreign economic activity is becoming an increasingly important factor in the development of the national economy and economic stabilization. The development of foreign economic activity plays a special role in modern conditions, when the process of integration of the economy into the world economy is taking place. Small and medium business is one of the most important sectors of the economy of the Rostov region, the dynamic development of which has a positive impact on reducing social tensions in the society (including by creating new jobs), increasing the investment attractiveness of the region, and also contributing to the positive economic growth rates of Don. At the same time, in the current economic conditions, small and medium-sized businesses need to strengthen state support to overcome certain emerging negative trends, unlike a large business with an adequate margin of safety. Priority spheres of investment activity in the south of Russia are: the Russian foreign trade specialization (foreign trade transit), improving the dynamics of the sectoral structure of the economy with import substitution (livestock), improving the quality of business environment management and investment, marketing investment potential in southern Russia (foreign and domestic investors)
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STUDYING PROBLEMS OF SPATIALECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT OF THE REGIONS OF RUSSIA
DescriptionConceptual provisions of regional economic science and also experience of many countries with mature market and developing economy demonstrate that long-term sustainable development of the country and its regions substantially is defined by productive use of modern forms of the spatial organization of economy. The essence of spatial potential is shown in total the regional economic potential or resources, innovative, integration and information processes of their development and also enterprise activity and the interests of business community in their use including on the basis of intersubject integration. For more evident illustration of level of differentiation between regions by leaders and regions by outsiders the author gives the results of researches of NIU "Higher School of Economics" conducted by Center of Development Institute stated in the form of the summary index of the regional economic activity (REA) of sectors of economy and federal districts. For achievement of the goal and the solution of problems of spatial development of Russia the author predetermines the choice of the priority directions of public policy of spatial and economic development of the country. The specified progressive directions have to be result of purposeful activities of the state for improvement of the organization of resettlement of inhabitants, placement in the territory of objects of economy, the social sphere, transport, power and other infrastructures, etc.