02.00.00 Chemical sciences
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Description
Studying natural phenomena in all their diversity, humanity worked experienced in every field of science the model of perceiving the world and methods of obtaining information. The development of science currently cannot be imagined without research on the intersection of its regions. This article presents the results of the automated systemcognitive analysis of the size of atoms from the main characteristics that are of research at the interface of General chemistry elements and intelligent systems. Dependence of nuclear radius, mass and of the atom and the charge number are identical in shape and size, which is probably connected with the linear increase of these parameters in the Periodic system of chemical elements. There is also a similar form of the dependences of radii of atoms from the factors ex and x, because these factors are interrelated. The obtained results of the ask analysis have confirmed the theoretical assumptions and the formulae of the dependence of main characteristics of the atom
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INVESTIGATION OF ASCORBIC ACID ADSORPTION ON KSMG SILICA GEL
DescriptionThe article studies adsorption of ascorbic acid on KSMG silicagel. The experimental results, the basic thermodynamic characteristics of ascorbic acid adsorption on oxide silicon have been used for treatment of adsorption mechanism of ascorbic acid on silica KSMG. Results of the study ascorbic acid adsorption on silica gel KSMG may be used for further identification of it in the various objects
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DEVELOPMENT OF A METHOD FOR FIXING PERFTORSULFOPOLIMER MF-4SK ON A HETEROGENEOUS MEMBRANE-SUBSTRATE
DescriptionThe article illustrates the results of the research dedicated to finding a method of combining two polymeric materials - ion-exchange membranes having different chemical nature. It shows a method of applying a homogenous film MF 4SK on the surface of the heterogeneous membrane substrate to produce a chemically and mechanically stable asymmetric bipolar membrane. We have selected membrane substrate ensuring the best electrochemical performance
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Description
The article is devoted to the study of enzymesantioxidants contained in horseradish root. The article provides a detailed analysis of the sources of information, aimed at clarifying the content of enzymesantioxidants contained in horseradish root, grown in the Astrakhan region in the autumn and summer. During the analysis of the literature, it was found that the content of enzyme-antioxidants in the root of the horseradish is not constant and depends on climatic conditions, planting time and harvest time. The content of antioxidants in the root of horseradish grown in the Astrakhan region in the summer-autumn period was studied using by the method of A.N. Bach and A.I. Oparin. 2 g of horseradish roots contains the number of enzymes - antioxidants able to expand for 30 min (1,547 • 100) / (20 • 1) = 77.35 mg of hydrogen peroxide in 1 min - 2.56 mg. 1mkmol As hydrogen peroxide is 0.034 mg, in 2 g horseradish contains 76 E enzyme - antioxidants (or E 38 1 g horseradish). The results of this work will form the basis for the creation and study of new enterosorbent with antioxidant functions. Enterosorbent prepared by adsorption on starch antioxidants such as peroxidase, catalase, and ascorbic acid, from aqueous extracts of plant material
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STUDY OF THE INTERACTION OF POLYSTYRENE-AZO-O-PHENOL-AZO-RHODANINE WITH ZINC IONS AND CADMIUM
DescriptionSince the industrial revolution a huge amount of pollutants emitted annually into the water most of which is occupied by toxic metals. These metals widely distributed in the environment and of accumulation of a threat to human health. It is known, that cadmium and zinc at high concentrations have a negative impact on nature. In modern wastewater treatment technology we widely use polymeric sorbents with chelating properties. The use of polymeric chelating sorbents (PCS) usage allows separating individual or group trace elements from large volumes of solutions of complex composition, lowering the limit of detection, eliminating or reducing significantly the impact of macrocomponents which increases the cleaning efficiency. The article presents the results of a study of conditions of interaction of zinc (II) ions and cadmium (II) with PCT - polystyrene-azo-o-phenol-azo-rhodanine. We found the optimal values of the conditions for zinc (II) ions and cadmium (II) sorption. We investigated the effect of interfering of the macro- and micro- water components with the sorption of the ions studied. Maximum desorption of metal ions is achieved by washing the concentrate with 10 ml of 2M hydrochloric acid. The data indicate availability of the investigated sorbent for concentration and separation of zinc (II) ions and cadmium (II)
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Description
Theoretically and experimentally, we investigated the process of adjusting the pH of natural water of hydrocarbonate class electrodialyzer with bipolar membranes with channel length of 40 cm. We experimentally measured concentration of components, pH of the solutions in alkaline and acid channels of electrodeposition depending on the current density. The article describes a mathematical model for long channels; to scale the mass transfer characteristics of the process there was applied and verified a method of compartmentalization, which gave the possibility to calculate the dependence of the component along the channel length at different velocities of flow of the solution. Numerical calculations were compared with experimental data on electrodialyser of 10 cm and 40 cm length
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ELECTRICAL CONDUCTIVITY OF IONEXCHANGE MEMBRANES IN SOLUTIONS CONTAINING CARBOXYLIC ACIDS
DescriptionThe article presents the experimental results of the study of the concentration dependence of the electrical conductivity of heterogeneous ion-exchange membranes that are in contact with solutions of weak electrolytes - carboxylic acids. It is shown that in this case the membrane conductivity is higher than the conductivity of the solution, wherein the conductivity of cation exchange membranes substantially greater (by an order of magnitude) than the conductivity of anion exchange membranes. This fact must be considered when designing the actual electrodialysis processes of processing solutions containing organic ions. The work identified the need to develop modern ideas about transport and the structural organization of ion-exchange materials, to describe the structure of the ion-exchange membranes that are in contact with weak electrolytes solutions
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ALTERNATIVE MODEL OF CALCULATIONS OF VALUES OF ATOMIC RADIUS
DescriptionThe article presents the results of the development of an alternative model for calculating the values of atomic radius. A formula was derived for calculating the atomic radius of the elements of the Periodic System of DI Mendeleev. The optimal calculation conditions for the proposed model are found. It is shown that the curve of the dependence of the value of the correction coefficient x on the atomic number of the element in form coincides with the dependence of the ionization energy on the charge number
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SYNTHESIS OF SUBSTITUTED ISOXAZOLO[5,4-b]PYRIDINE AND THEIR ANTIDOTE ACTIVITY
DescriptionTo develop the novel herbicide antidotes for the sunflower vegetative plants, the group of chemical compounds, belonging to the derivatives of isoxalopyrazolopyridines was synthesized and their antidote activity both in the laboratory and field experiments was studied. The compounds with a high antidote effect were found
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INTERRELATION OF THE MODEL OF CALCULATIONS OF ATOMIC RADIUS AND VARIOUS SYSTEM CHARACTERISTICS
DescriptionIn this article, we discuss the relationship between the previously obtained model for calculating atomic radii with electrodynamics, the hydrodynamic model of the planets of the Solar System, and the R-function of the structural organization of electronic systems. It is shown that the curve of the dependence of the value of the correction coefficient e x on the atomic number of the element in form coincides with the dependence of the ionization energy on the mass of the atom and the R-function on the nuclear charge. The concept of the "atomic nucleus potential", which takes into account the energy of the nucleus and the charge of the nucleus of the atom, is introduced. It is shown that the radius of an atom is the product of the nuclear potential by a factor kx , taking into account the characteristics of electronic levels; the energy of the nuclear reaction is the work of the forces of the field (potential) of the atomic nucleus along the displacement of the atomic charge. The dependence of the potential of the nucleus on the charge number in the Mendeleev’s Periodic Table is shown. It is shown that any system of satellites (or atomic shells) has a constant ratio of its Kepler number to the mass of the central body around which they rotate. It is shown that in the Table of Mendeleev's chemical elements and in the solar system, the fundamental value is the mass of the center (the nucleus of the atom or the center of the orbit). The ratio of the Kepler number to the mass of the central body is a constant, within the accuracy of construction and calculations