05.00.00 Technical science
-
TECHNOLOGY AND APPLICATION OF POWDERED FOOD ADDITIVES FROM VEGETABLE RAW MATERIALS
DescriptionThe market for functional food products is continuously increasing and, according to analysts, by 2020 its share will reach 40% of all food products. The development of the healthy food has been gathering momentum in recent years, the search for non-traditional types of raw materials is constantly being conducted, and new recipes for products enriched with natural food additives are being created. In this regard, special attention is paid to the production and use of powdered food additives from plant raw materials. Theoretical significance and practical applicability of powder technologies in different years was substantiated by such famous scientists as Deryagin B.V., Donchenko L.V., Zimon A.D., Zubchenko A.V., Kasyanov G.I., Magomedov G.О., Paschenko L.P., Rebinder P.A., Tilesnik M.A., Yankhin E.D. In their opinion, using natural food additives, it is possible to obtain functional food products with specified chemical composition and properties. The objects of our research were apricot, grape seeds, pumpkin flesh, black currant and seabuckthorn berries, spinach, apples and flour from lowfat barley. In the course of the study, the effect of dispersity of the obtained powders on their antioxidant activity and frictional properties was studied. The expediency of introducing powders into the composition of multicomponent food products for enriching them with carbohydrates, vitamins and microelements is shown. The organoleptic evaluation of the produced powders showed that they have high taste values. The study of organoleptic and microbiological indices of products enriched with such powders indicates prolongation of their shelf life. As the main results of the study, we note the assessment of the chemical composition of the powders from the investigated objects, as well as the improvement of the technology of drying of plant raw materials with sparing technological regimes of its implementation
-
COMBINATORIAL DIAGNOSIS MODEL OF A POWER OBJECT
DescriptionThe present level of development of power systems, the need to increase their resources and increased competition have caused especially true problem of increasing the efficiency of their operation. The work is devoted to the justification of the selection and development of a technique of construction of the diagnostic model to search for failures in power objects
-
SOURCES OF ELECTRICAL ENERGY OF AIRCRAFT ELECTRIC POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS: CONDITION AND PERSPECTIVES
DescriptionAccording to its operating principles, generators of aircraft electric power supply systems do not differ from the similar generators of transporting and stationary systems, but have range of peculiarities: low weight and dimensions, high density of armature current, compulsory cooling (air and liquid), high frequency of rotor spinning. The article considers main requirements, imposed to generators of flight vehicle and the construction peculiarities and main physical and operational characteristics of generators applied in modern flight vehicles. It is suggested to use noncontact electrical machines as sources of electrical energy in the aircraft electric power supply systems: synchronous generators with impulses from permanent magnets and asynchronous generators with capacitive impulse. To improve physical and operational characteristics of generators and aircraft electric power supply systems it is suggested to refuse from permanent frequency spinning drivers which have low converters as stabilizer of voltage and frequency current of electrical energy source. The peculiarities of its operation are considered, its advantages and disadvantages. It is possible to improve characteristics of aircraft electric power supply systems by means of study of the electromagnetic compatibility of the main functional system elements and by means of application of non-contact electrical devices, applied in the guard and control systems, made on the basis of power and electronic devices
-
FEATURES OF MODELING OF TECHNOLOGICAL OPERATIONS OF AGRICULTURAL RAW MATERIALS PROCESSING
DescriptionThe ways of improving the work of food enterprises during processing of agricultural raw materials on the basis of a system analysis of the durations of technological operations are considered. The basic mathematical models of technological processes have been analyzed and the possibility of using unified technological operations to predict the time of completion of work has been shown for processing various pairs of raw materials. It is established that the construction of mathematical models of technological processes of processing of agricultural raw materials should be based on using the potential of transfer of the target component between isopotential surfaces. This allows not only to unify the created models of technological processes, but also to significantly increase their extrapolating ability to estimate the durations of technological operations
-
Description
An overview of various ways of preparing roses for industrial processing with the aim of obtaining rose essential oil is presented. Based on the patent and information retrieval data, features of new, scientific developments in this field, which have not yet found wide application in industrial processing, their advantages and disadvantages are discussed. The conclusion is made about the need to search for new, modern, environmentally safe ways of preparing raw essential oil for industrial processing
-
Description
To reduce the development of additional settlement strip foundations of the existing building on the effect of pressure transmitted to a ground base located near the new slab foundation is considered the work of the geotechnical barrier in various ground conditions. In the first variant of soil, conditions (variant 1) made geotechnical barrier structure in a homogeneous thickness of the weak clay soil. In the second variant of soil conditions (variant 2), a separating barrier is performed in a two-layer base. The upper base layer (carrying) is shown a weak water-saturated clay soil, and the second (underlying) - low compressible soil (sandy loam plastic). According to the results of the calculations and modeling found that, the greatest positive effect on the separating barrier structure (geotechnical barrier) is achieved in the case when the base is a two-layer. The lower part of the geotechnical barrier must be recessed into the soil of low compressibility. Additional settlement strip foundation of the existing building in a uniform basis (variant 1) in the absence of geotechnical barrier is approximately 8 cm. In the case of a two-layer base (variant 2), the additional settlement strip foundation building is reduced by 80-85% (6.6 cm) and will make about 1.4 cm
-
Description
The power plant being investigated is Novocherkassk State District Power Plant located in the settlement of Donskoy, Rostov region. The power object is included in the list of objects of the fuel and energy complex subject to categorization and is defined as critically important. The analyzed site is the "subsidiary farm", which includes a chemical reagent warehouse and a site for chemical water purification, where hazardous substances are treated: sulfuric acid and technical sodium hydroxide. The analysis of the main causes of accidents at thermal power stations occurred during processing, storage and transportation of hazardous substances, and typical scenarios of possible accidents at the chemical water treatment plant of thermal power plants were considered
-
Description
The competitiveness of any company engaged in the wholesale or retail sale of goods and services is substantially determined by the level of quality of the services provided. For the accompanying business of vertically integrated oil companies, the criterion of quality service is not an exception. Currently, cafes and shops at the refueling complex are not only a convenient service for customers, but also a solid source of additional revenues for the largest oil companies, each of which seeks to make the retail network attractive to customers by offering a wide range of goods in stores, ready meals in a cafe, and related services. To satisfy the needs of the client, it is necessary to offer a wide, but rational assortment of goods at the refueling complexes. The claimed goods must always be at the refueling complexes. The lack of goods necessary for the customer on the shelf means the loss of sales and profits, the order and location of goods that are not in demand - the formation of surpluses, returns to the supplier and write-offs. This also affects the overall economic performance of the company. In this regard, the increase of logistics service is one of the priority tasks of the accompanying business of vertically integrated oil companies
-
MODELING THREADS AND THREADED CONNECTIONS IN THE SYSTEM OF THE AUTOMATED DESIGNING
DescriptionThe work was carried out not only in the scientific, but also in practical directions, the key part of which was the modeling of the system. Consideration of the presented modeling processes occurred on the basis of the delivered pedagogical experiment associated with the introduction in the discipline "Engineering Graphics" of a new tool for the military educational institution to obtain the final graphic design document. The purpose of the experiment included a comparative analysis of modeling tools (manual and machine) and their impact on the production of the final product (drawing). As a tool, the computer-aided design system Кompas-3D was used. The presented research was worked out in practical classes of the specified discipline, the theme of one of them was "Image of thread and threaded connections". With the help of the graphic editor Compass-3D, a model of the shaft and bushing with the specified thread profile was obtained, as well as the assembly unit based on them. The entire way of obtaining the above objects for convenience and ease of perception has been broken down into certain stages. The results of the pedagogical experiment were very satisfactory; the goal of the practical training was fully achieved
-
Description
Results of the research on ecological safety of utilizing high clearance tractors for cultivation and harvesting of high stalk plants are presented. Purpose of the research was to decrease damaging of high stalk plants during multi-pass harvesting by tractor parts. For increasing efficiency and competitiveness of high stalk plants decreasing prime cost of production, increasing profitability and labor productivity are required. This can be achieved by introducing complex factors, which together with other factors as complex technological and technical modernization are required. Basic direction of modernization is utilizing completely new technologies and renewal of machines. Modern tractors utilized for tobacco growing have been analyzed. Basic demands for high clearance tractor which can be used for tobacco, grape and fruit trees growing have been developed. Researches on studying the tobacco plant folding during harvesting have been carried. Scheme of high clearance tractor MTZ-80 which can be assembled with machines for multi-pass harvesting of high stalk plants without their damaging has been developed. New scheme for modernization tractor MTZ-80 into high clearance model has been proposed. It can be done by changing speed reducers and forward wheels with size 11,2x20 on size 11,2x28. This will increase clearance from 470 to 840 mm