06.02.00 Veterinary and Husbandry
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BIOLOGICAL PECULIARITIES OF GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT OF GOLSHTINSKY YOUTH OF AUSTRALIAN SELECTION
06.02.00 Veterinary and Husbandry
DescriptionThe article presents results of a comparative study of the experimental groups of Holstein animals belonging to the Reflection Sovering line: four groups of repair calves and four groups of bull-calves. The peculiarities of their growth and development were studied at higher daily rates of drinking milk and early training of experimental animals to plant feeds with a probiotic supplement of cellobacterins in the milk period. The technology of growing the animals of the experimental groups had differences: I-control group - up to 6 months of age was grown according to the traditional technology for farming: 200 kg of milk (for 50 days) and 400 kg of return (from 50 to 110 days), concentrated feeds consisted of starter feed (50%) and (50%) maize, the same amount of concentrated feed and the same composition was obtained by calves from experimental groups; II-test group - up to 6 months of age received an increased amount of milk (for 25 days) - 200 kg and 400 kg of return (from 25 to 60 days); animals of the III-rd experimental group - up to 6-month-old age received an increased rate of milk drinking (for 50 days) - 450 kg and return (from 50 to 110 days): heifers - 600, bulls -800kg. Animals of the IV-experimental group-up to 6 months of agereceived an increased rate of milking (for 60 days) - 450 kg and return (from 60 to 120 days): heifers - 600, bulls -800 kg. The calves of all experimental groups were fed a probiotic preparation of cellobacterin in an amount of 3 g for each animal up to 18 months of age. The live weight changed significantly depending on the age and the level of feeding of the experimental animals. The use in the feeding of calves of experimental groups of increased daily average milk yields and the addition of a probiotic to cellobacterin in the diet positively influenced the growth and development of experimental young animals, promoted a more intensive increase in live weight
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PLUMAGE COLOR GENE INTERACTION IN CHICKENS (REVIEW)
06.02.00 Veterinary and Husbandry
DescriptionColoring the plumage of chickens is a complex genetically determined sign. The study of the interactions of the main genes of chicken pigmentation was started by A.S. Serebrovsky. The most complete information on the genes of coloring plumage of chickens and down of chickens is given by Z.M. Kogan, indicating the clutch groups and the arrangement of these genes on the chromosome map. In the 1990s, the interaction of color genes, pen pattern and modifier genes affecting the intensity of the main color and pattern of the pen was described in detail. It was found that in pigs the pigmentation is regulated by the MC1-R melanocortin receptor associated with the locus E. Due to molecular studies, loci of dominant white color (I), recessive white color (c / c), striped pen pattern (B) adherent to the floor , and spotted spot locus (mo). The final phenotype depends not only on individual genes, but also on their interactions and the genetic environment as a whole. The same genes can produce different patterns and shades of the main plumage, and different genes determine the same phenotypes. Despite the fact that there was significant progress in determining the molecular causes of the appearance of a particular type of color in chickens, much remains to be learned
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06.02.00 Veterinary and Husbandry
DescriptionIn the diagnosis of subclinical, serous and catarral mastitis of cows a wide range of microorganisms has been isolated, including the genera Streptococcus (Str. disgalactiae, Str. agalactiae, Str. pyogenes), Staphylococcus (St. aureus, St. epidermidis) и E. coli. When treating cows with mastitis with argovit, the average duration of treatment for animals was2.9 +0.1, 3.3 + 0.3, 4.1 +0,2 days, which is 1.6, 1.9, 1.8 times less compared with the drug spectromast in the control group. The effect of argovit containing silver nanoparticles on antibiotic sensitivity in selected microflora in the treatment of subclinical, serous and catarrhal mastitis of cows was studied. Studies conducted to determine the antibiotic sensitivity of isolated microorganisms after the treatment of mastitis of cows showed the dependence of the results, both on the drug used and on the clinical form of the disease. It has been established that the use of spectromast causes a pronounced decrease in19 (76%) preparations with subclinical, 24 (96%) serous and 23 (92%) catarrhal mastitis. It was also noted that with the development of the pathological process, an increase in the appearance of previously absent resistance to antibacterial drugs was observed with subclinical6 (24%), serous 7 (28%), catarrhal 8 (32%) mastitis of the cows. While using argovit, an increase in antibiotic sensitivity to 21 drugs (84%) in subclinical, 24(96%) in serous and 23 (92%) catarrhal mastitis was revealed. In the treatment of subclinical mastitis in the experimental group, a slight decrease was observed for 4 (16%) drugs
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06.02.00 Veterinary and Husbandry
DescriptionThe article discusses the impact of color lighting on changes in productivity and environmental safety of poultry products. We have given recommendations to optimize the cost of electricity for lighting the house
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HORMONAL INDUCTION OF THE STAGE OF EXCITATION OF THE SEXUAL CYCLE IN COWS AND HEIFERS
06.02.00 Veterinary and Husbandry
DescriptionThe article gives mechanisms of the influence of the main sex hormones on the sexual cycle of cows and heifers and the effectiveness of their insemination. The effectiveness of gonadotropin preparations releasing hormone, prostaglandin and progesterone, used to induce sexual hunting, was studied. The use of combined use of hormones and prostaglandins is effective for synchronizing sexual hunting, regardless of the stage of the sexual cycle on which healthy animals can be at the time of their administration. The reasons for the retention of the yellow body in the ovary are very diverse. The results of the studies indicate that a particularly close relationship exists between the yellow body and the uterus
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DYNAMICS OF EGG PRODUCTION IN CHICKENS OF VARIOUS BREEDS OF BIORESOURCE COLLECTIONS
06.02.00 Veterinary and Husbandry
DescriptionThe production of eggs is one of the most important indicators of the productivity of poultry, including chickens The main purpose of breeding chickens in the collections of genetic resources - conservation of genetic diversity. The chickens from the collection of genetic resources it is also possible to receive products, for example, in the form of eggs. The account of the egg productivity of the chickens showed that the intensity of egg production varies among representatives of different directions of productivity. The most stable egg-laying was possessed by chickens of breeds New Hampshire, Black Australian, Dutch white. These breeds are bred as breeds of egg direction of productivity. But they are characterized by long downturns in egg production, lasting more than 7 days. Chickens of meat direction by stable, but low intensity of egg production. All the chickens had a short period For all chickens a short period is characteristic, when the egg-laying is kept at a certain level. It is 30-40 days, after which there is a gradual decrease in this indicator. Such a high level of genetic diversity in egg production in gene pool makes it possible to use this bird as a model object for studying its features
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INTERIOR FEATURES OF THE REPAIR YOUNG OF HOLSTEIN BREED
06.02.00 Veterinary and Husbandry
DescriptionThe results of a comparative study of the experimental groups of Holstein animals belonging to the Vis Bey Eidial line are given: four groups of repair calves and four groups of gobies. Their hematological indices were studied at higher daily rates of milk drinking and early training of experimental animals to plant feeds with a probiotic supplement of cellobacterins in the milk period. The difference between the groups was the technology of their cultivation: I-control group - up to 6 months of the age was grown according to the traditional technology adopted in the farm: 200 kg of milk (for 50 days) and 400 kg of return (from 50 to 110 days), and concentrated feeds consisting of pre-fodder (50%) and corn (50%), the same calves received experimental calves; II-test group - up to 6 months increased norm of milk drinking (for 25 days) - 200 kg and 400 kg of return (from 25 to 60 days); III-test group - up to 6 months the increased norm of drinking milk (for 50 days) - 450 kg and return (from 50 to 110 days): heifers - 600, bulls -800kg; IV-test group - up to 6 months an increased rate of milk drinking (for 60 days) - 450 kg and return (from 60 to 120 days): heifers - 600, bulls -800 kg. The calves of all experimental groups were fed a probiotic preparation of cellobacterin in an amount of 3 g for each animal up to 18 months of age. When the experimental animals reach 12-, 15-, 18-months age, hematologic examinations were carried out. It has been established that with the age of experimental animals, metabolic processes are intensified, the change of which was influenced by the use of different norms of drinking milk during the milking period, using a probiotic
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06.02.00 Veterinary and Husbandry
DescriptionThis prospective study was conducted on 10 commercial dairy herds, over one year on milk urea monitoring, determination of diets characteristics effects on MU concentration and on assessment of MU concentrations as a predictor of N utilization and urinary N excretion. Milk samples were collected twice every month and analyzed for urea concentration using a colorimetric procedure. Representative feed samples were also collected on the same day of milk collection. Feed samples were characterized and their concentrations of protein digestible in the intestine and net energy for lactation were calculated according to the French system as well as PDI requirements. Average of milk urea concentrations range is 25.0 - 32.0 mg/dl. A significant positive association (p
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COGNITIVE VETERINARY – DIGITAL SOCIETY VETERINARY: THE DEFINITION OF BASIC CONCEPTS
06.02.00 Veterinary and Husbandry
DescriptionThere are many opinions on the question of what kind of society we live in at the beginning of the XXI century. Previously, it was believed that this is a post-industrial society. There was even an opinion that it would be a society of developed socialism or even a communist society. After that, the opinion on this has changed. First, modern society was called the information society, and then the society based on knowledge. The latest news in this area is that it seems that modern society is a digital society, that is, a society, based on digital technologies, digital communications, digital information processing and transmission technologies, as well as digital artificial intelligence technologies. In a digital society and science people must move to digital intelligent research technologies. In particular, the question arises as to whether veterinary medicine in a digital society should not also become cognitive veterinary medicine. This work is devoted to a detailed and reasoned (according to the authors) answer to this question. The methodology and terminology in this new field is not yet established and is not generally accepted. Therefore, in this work a lot of attention is paid to the logic and methodology of scientific knowledge, terminological issues and definitions of concepts
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06.02.00 Veterinary and Husbandry
DescriptionA number of authors (Milaeva I. V., Zaitsev S. Yu., Dovzhenko N. A., Tsarkov D. V., Tsarkova M. S., 2015) have proposed a regression model and a method for indirect measurement of fat and protein content in cow's milk by its dynamic surface tension, which has a number of advantages over the traditional approach. The model reflects the objectively existing relations between the content of fat and protein in cow's milk and parameters of centigrams of dynamic surface tension at the interface of the milk/air. These relationships are revealed by the authors of the method wit mathematical processing of 112 empirical samples. For this purpose, they have applied regression and correlation analysis (in MS Excel). Since the content of fat and proteins in milk largely determines its quality, this problem refers to the problems of qualimetry. However, this problem of qualimetry also refers to typical problems of pattern recognition (multi-parameter typing and system identification), and therefore it is possible that the quality of its solution can be improved by the use of artificial intelligence methods, in particular cognitive and information technologies. Moreover, these relationships are quite complex. The use of intelligent technologies also creates additional opportunities for the study of the simulated subject area by studying its model. All this is of great scientific and practical interest for both researchers and practitioners. To solve all these problems in the work we have applied Automated System-Cognitive analysis (ASC-analysis) and its software tool which is an intelligent system called "Eidos". A numerical example based on real data has been considered in detail as well