06.02.10 Private animal husbandry, technology of production of animal products (agricultural sciences)
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HEMATOLOGICAL STATUS OF DOGS USING A BIOSTIMULATOR DEP
DescriptionIn veterinary practice, feed biologically active additives of plant and animal origin are widely used to improve digestion and absorption of nutrients, as well as to correct the normalization of metabolism. One of these biologically active drugs is denatured emulsified placenta (DEP) which has antiviral, anti-inflammatory, and immunomodulating properties. Therefore, the purpose of our research was to study the effect of DEP on the morphological composition of dog blood. During the research, it was found that the number of red blood cells in dogs of the control group was 1.57% or 0.12 x 1012/l more than in the experimental group. Erythrocytes of dogs in the control group had 0.37% more volume than the same indicator in the experimental group. However, each red blood cell of animals in the experimental groups was characterized by a high content of hemoglobin in it by 1.6%. Before the start of the experiment, the number of lymphocytes in the blood of dogs in the control and experimental groups was 4.07 and 2.34%, respectively, below the minimum reference value. The number of monocytes and granulocytes in the peripheral blood of dogs in the control group was 0.23 and 1.49% higher, respectively, than in the control group. The platelet content was higher in the control group than in the experimental group by 49.38 x 109/l or 27.3%. Changes that occur in the body of dogs under the action of a biostimulator indicate an increase in the production of antibodies to protect the body from infections and ensure the animal's immunity. They completely regulate the immune system
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Description
The article discusses the relevance of the use of protected amino acids (lysine and methionine) in animal husbandry of the Krasnodar region, using the example of the farm "Krasnodar". The highest milk yield was obtained from cows with the combined addition of lysine and methionine in their diet. In relation to control (CR), the average daily milk yield in the group with combined additives (CR+L+M) was 38.4 kg/day. In addition, there was a positive effect of lysine and the combined additive (CR+L+M) on protein and fat in milk. Protected methionine (CRM) had no effect on the yield of fat and protein in milk. It was noted that additives of protected amino acids in groups with lysine and combined amino acids reduced the cost of dry matter (DM) and metabolizable energy (ME) per kg of milk. The results of our studies have shown that the productive milk response and its components are affected by the amount of the first limiting amino acid in the diet. Also, the supply of protected lysine changed the plasma concentration of animals and improved the availability of amino acids for milk protein synthesis
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Description
One of the urgent directions of finding promising raw ingredients in the feeding of farm animals and birds is the use of larvae of flies as a source of alternative protein. In Russia, LLC «New Biotechnology» is engaged in the processing of organic waste using the larvae of the flies of the population Lucilia Caesar under a project accredited at the Skolkovo Innovation Center, which, after a global reconstruction, started its production. The use of flour from larvae of flies in feeding poultry, including turkeys, is a new direction that is becoming more widespread among leading world producers. The authors established the high efficiency of using protein-lipid concentrate (PLC) from the larvae of flies of the population Lucilia Caesar in the production of cross BIG-6 turkey meat. It is proved that the use of the studied additives in the amount of 5.0 and 7.5% in the diets of turkey-poults for fattening can increase the live weight of females and males of the experimental groups. By the end of the feeding, the excess in live weight of the females of the experimental groups relative to the control was 858 (8.67%) and 1211g (12.24%), males - 980 (6.17%) and 1362g (8.58%), respectively. The average daily gain in live weight of females of the experimental groups during the feeding period exceeded the control by 6.7 and 9.8 g, males - by 8.8 and 12.2 g, and feed costs per 1 kg of growth decreased: in females - by 0.06 and 0, 17 kg, for males - 0.09 and 0.18 kg. The protein level in the average meat sample increased in the I experimental group by 1.26, in the II experimental group - by 1.57%, and the cholesterol level decreased by 7.21 and 10.95%. The results of the study allowed us to conclude that the protein-lipid concentrate (PLC) from the larvae of flies of the Lucilia Caesar population contributes to an increase in the growth and development of turkey poultry, lower feed costs and improve the quality of meat
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THE USE OF FEED COMPLEX PALUTENA P-2 IN THE DIET OF THE AFRICAN BLACK OSTRICH
DescriptionThe article presents a research on the influence of Felucene P-2 on the growth of black African ostriches, as well as on the hematological parameters of the blood of ostriches. For the experiment, two groups of ostriches, aged 2 months, were formed: the first one received a standard diet, the second - the Felucene p-2 feed complex was added to the standard diet. As a result of the conducted research, it was found that Felucene P-2 is an effective feed complex of domestic production, allowing under equal conditions of feeding and maintenance to increase the growth and development of young ostriches. From the age of 120 days, an increase in the average daily increase in the live weight of black African ostriches was recorded, and high growth energy of the bird was observed up to the age of 240 days
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MORPHOLOGICAL AND CHEMICAL PARAMETERS OF OSTRICH EGGS
DescriptionThe article carries out an analysis of morpho-chemical parameters of ostrich eggs when l-carnitine is included in the diet. Studies were conducted on two groups of ostriches: I-received a standard diet, II-to the standard diet received L-carnitine at a rate of 300 mg per 1 kg of feed. From April to August we were studying the ostrich egg production, morphological composition of eggs, chemical composition of albumen and yolk, the amino acid composition of egg yolk, the level of cholesterol, fatty acids including saturated, unsaturated and polyunsaturated. It has been determined, that L-carnitine increases the egg production of ostriches by 24%. The weight of protein in the groups was 56.9-56.2%; yolk-27.6-26.7%; shell-16.4 -16.2%. The amount of cholesterol in the egg yolk of the 1st group ostriches was 12.2 mg, in the 2nd one it decreased by 7.4% (P>0.95) and amounted to 11.3 mg per gram of yolk. The level of amino acids in the egg yolk of the 1st and 2nd groups was approximately equal. The number of fatty acids in the 1st and 2nd groups was: saturated 39.5 and 39.7%, monounsaturated 49.99 and 49.80%, polyunsaturated 10.37 and 10.47% respectively. The sum of unsaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids in ostrich eggs was 60.36 - 60.27%. The sum of ω3 and ω6 fatty acids is 10.18 and 10.25%. Ratio ω3: ω6-1: 3,3. The ratio of polyunsaturated to saturated acids was approximately 1:3, and polyunsaturated + monounsaturated to saturated-1.52 units (approximately 1.5 : 1).
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MEAT PRODUCTIVITY OF BULL CALVES UNDER INTENSIVE REARING
DescriptionThe article presents a comparative assessment of the meat productivity of young cattle of the two most common intensive meat breeds in the Russian Federation (Aberdeen Angus and Hereford) in comparison with the most numerous native in the South of the country domestic breed, which is Kalmyk. Intensive rearing from 9 to 18 months of age was carried out in the conditions of industrial fattening complex on rations not containing juicy forages. In the process of 273-day intensive rearing, in bulls of the tested breeds average daily live weight gains from 1455 to 1526 grams were achieved. During this period, an absolute increase was obtained in Aberdeen-Angus bulls-416.6 kg, in peers of Hereford and Kalmyk breeds-413.6 and 397.2 kg. The highest pre-slaughter live weight and slaughter rates were noted in Aberdeen-Angus bulls, having a yield of a pair carcass of 59.4 % and a slaughter yield of 62.8 %. The meat of Aberdeen-Angus bulls has the highest content of fat and dry matter, but they have less protein, lower pH and moisture binding capacity and a higher loss of meat juice during cooking, compared with the bulls of the Kalmyk breed. It was confirmed that the coefficients of transformation of protein and energy into products are closely related to the intensity of growth and weight of the carcass. The most effective of these indicators were in bulls of Aberdeen-Angus, then Hereford and Kalmyk breeds. A similar pattern between the breeds was manifested in terms of profitability and cost recovery
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MEAT QUALITY OF DUCKS GROWN ON DIETS WITH DIFFERENT CONCENTRATIONS OF BENTO-CLAY
DescriptionObtaining maximum productivity and reducing production costs are the main challenges facing livestock producers in modern conditions. To achieve the effectiveness of the poultry industry, we carried out a research in the utilities sector of the Rostov Region, the purpose of which was to study the effectiveness of the use of a feed additive – bento-clay in the diet of ducklings grown for meat. In the research, we study the influence of various doses of the feed on the diet and growth of ducklings. Experimental research data showed that the introduction of bento-clay into the diet of ducklings as a feed additive allowed to increase live weight, average daily gain, the safety of ducklings, the mass of half-gutted and gutted carcasses, the yield of edible parts, and meat quality compared to the control group. Thus, bento-clay influenced the increase in the water-holding ability of ducklings meat, which contributed to the improvement of its technological properties. Therefore, at three weeks of age, the live weight of ducklings was 11.5% -18.2% more than ducklings of the control group, and at seven weeks of age this difference was 8.4-12%, respectively, and the average daily increase was 7.2 -14.1% with high safety
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THE EFFECT OF FEED RATIONS ON THE PRODUCTIVITY OF HOLSTEIN-FRIESIAN BREED BULL CALVES
DescriptionThe article presents the results of scientific and industrial experience in identifying the effect of feed additives on the productivity and biochemical parameters of bull calves’ blood in fattening. The calves of Holstein-Friesian breed at the age of 30 days were selected as objects of research. In the diet of the bull calves of the experimental groups, we used feed additives in the main diet: probiotic feed additive “Cellobacterin+”, feed vitamin-mineral concentrate “Tetra+”, complex feed concentrate. We found that the most active weight gain is observed in the group of calves that received complex feed concentrate. In all experimental groups of bull calves, we observed a decrease in the activity of hepato-indicator enzymes and a thymol sample. Based on the data obtained, it can be concluded that the use of the complex feed concentrate containing biologically active substances and the additive “Cellobacterin+” (in comparison with the control and other experimental groups) leads to maximizing the increase in the average mass of bull calves, which is associated with the synergistic effect of biologically active substances and living microorganisms Enterococcus faecium 1 - 35. The same tendency is observed with respect to the activity of hepato-indicator enzymes - AST and ALT, which, compared with the control group, decreases by 35.6% and 28.2%, respectively
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EXCHANGE PROCESSES IN THE BODY OF BROILER CHICKENS WHEN USING THE FEED ADDITIVE INNOVIT E 60
DescriptionVitamin E, having an antioxidant effect, also has a versatile effect on metabolism. It is proved that vitamin E is necessary for the integrity and optimal function of the reproductive, muscle, circulatory, nervous and immune systems. The feed additive Innovit E 60 was produced in the Russian Federation by the MEGAMIX company using innovative technology, which has no analogues in the world. The article presents the test results of the Innovit E 60 feed additive as a part of premixes for the purpose of enriching compound feeds for broiler chickens with vitamin E. The authors have found that the studied feed additive activated metabolic processes in the body of broiler chickens of ROSS 308 cross. Chickens of the experimental group better digested nutrients feed in comparison with analogues of the control group. A significant increase in the digestibility of crude protein by chickens of the experimental groups was found to be 1.11 and 0.92%, crude fat - by 2.11 and 1.85%, BEV - by 2.53 and 2.24%. The deposition of nitrogen in the body of the chickens of the experimental groups is higher than in the control group by 5.73 and 5.05%, and its use from the accepted - by 2.94 and 2.56%. By the end of the feeding, the difference in live weight was 90.3 (4.25%) and 68.5 g (3.22%), and feed costs per 1 kg of live weight gain decreased by 0.06 and 0.04 kg. The control slaughter of broiler chickens showed that the slaughter yield in the experimental groups increased: males by 0.6 and 0.4%, chickens by 0.8 and 0.5%; the mass of pectoral muscles of males - by 46.0 and 41.0g, chickens - by 43.0 and 36.0g. The feed additive Innovit E 60 in the diets of broiler chickens helps to improve the digestibility of the main nutrients of the feed, increase live weight, slaughter exit and exit of the pectoral muscles
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FEATURES OF LINEAR GROWTH OF HOLSTEIN HEIFERS OF DIFFERENT LINES
DescriptionThe article presents the results of studying the growth and development of repair heifers of Holstein cattle belonging to the lines Vis Back Ideal and Reflection Sovering. The feeding and maintenance conditions in both groups were the same. In accordance with the generally accepted scheme of drinking during the milk period, the heifers received 180 kg of whole milk and 400 kg of its substitution. Starting from the age of 10-15 days, the heifers were grouped into groups of 15 heads each. The live weight and average daily increments of test heifers varied differently. Linear growth and average daily gains in the experimental group were higher than in the control group. Studies have found that heifers from the experimental group in all the studied periods were superior to heifers from the control group and for the entire period, the average daily increase was 16.5 g more. The average daily increments were at the level of 747.5 and 764.0 g, the live weight by the age of the first insemination was 373.5 kg in the control group and 381.8 kg in the experimental group. Linear indicators have significant differences in height at the withers at the age of 1 insemination; depth of chest behind shoulders in 6-month age and at 1-tion insemination; oblique body length (tape) in the age of the 1st insemination; the chest girth at 12 months of age and at 1-tion insemination. The results of the study show that the cultivation of repair heifers of the Vis Back Idial and Reflection Sovering lines of the Holstein breed further contributes to an increase in the growth of dairy productivity in farms and an increase in gross milk production