№ 106(2), February, 2015
Public date: 28.02.2015
Archive of journal: Articles count 78, 173 kb
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06.00.00 Agricultural sciences
STATISTICAL STUDY ON WORLD PRODUCTION OF BARLEY GRAIN
06.00.00 Agricultural sciences
Description
The article presents an analysis of the statistical data on use of barley in the world agriculture. The dynamics of changes in acreage under crop has been studied over the past decade in the global community. The structure of indicators in barley’s area was reduced and the main regions of production have been described. As the world as some countries barley productivity was studied. The article presents the data on world production of barley for lust four years. The structure of production of the main producing counties for 2014 is presented graphically. On the basis of the material revealed, more than half of the total harvest of barley in the world has been produced by three regions: The European Union, the Russian Federation and Canada. The article presents a comparative analysis in the above productivity of barley by the world leaders in the production of this crop. A direct influence of environmental factors on final grain yield has noted. Also the issue of national economic importance of culture has been revealed. We have noted the areas of the culture use such as food, brewing industry, as well as livestock (as it is known, barley is one of the most valuable forage crops)
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CONDITION OF BARLEY PRODUCTION IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION
06.00.00 Agricultural sciences
Description
The article presents an overview and in-depth analysis in the area of barley grain production. The statistical data and comparative analysis of total yield of barley in the Russian Federation with respect to other cultures, widely cultivated in our country, such as sunflowers, oats and wheat has been presented. The structure of sown areas occupied by the culture of barley in the Russian Federation for the period from 1990 to 2013 has been presented graphically; we have analyzed the trend of their increases and decreases over the years. The article presents and visually shows a comparative analysis of crops like winter and spring barley. At the same time, due to a significant warming, distinct advantages of winter crops to spring crops in the cultivation of them in the southern regions of the country have been noted. The recommendations on the feasibility of increasing the cultivated area were made. Indicated by the national economic significance of culture, we show the examples of its use in industrial processing. In addition, long-term analysis of statistical data on the yield of major crops grown in the Russian Federation, such as wheat, barley, maize, millet, oats, rice, legumes, sunflower, soybean has been performed
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06.00.00 Agricultural sciences
Description
The article reveals issues concerning the experiments on application of complex water-soluble fertilizer and straw mulching of row-spacing in sweet corn hybrid named Krasnodarskiy 280 CV growing management and the yield of milky ripeness. We have discovered that straw mulching in combination with complex water-soluble fertilizer named Vermisol used in 5-6 leaves, reduced evaporation and tended to moisture accumulation in soil what increased yield of ears for 0,6-1,7 t/ha. The lowest water-absorbing capacity in root-inhabited layer of soil (0-0,6 m) were 28,5 % from dry weight of soil in years of experiment. Registration of sum of precipitations in critical for corn period (in third decade of June and first decade of July) was in tolerable level. The best conditions of precipitation were in 2013, when in June and July the sum was 143 mm, and humidity of the air was in optimum level – 70 %. The temperature of the soil in 0-0,1 m layer in the day of mulching was the same as in the layer 0-0,05 m, tin increase for 5 0C in variants without mulching. The lower amplitude of temperature of the soil in vegetation period since the phase of 10-11 leaves had good influence for yield of milk maturity ears
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06.00.00 Agricultural sciences
Description
The article contains the results of the study of mechanical composition of grapes and biochemical characteristics of white wine grapes for the production of juice of direct extraction and blending. Thus, the yield of studied grapes ranged from 7.5 to 13.2 t / ha: highest yielding varieties and hybrids of Pervenets Magaracha and Tsitronnyy Magaracha, and the lowest - Chardonnay and Pinot blanc. At an average weight of clusters of varieties were divided into three groups - large clusters (230-243 g) in varieties Pervenets Magaracha and Tsitronnyy Magaracha, medium (181-184 g) - the varieties Chardonnay and Pinot blanc, small (112-116 g) - the varieties Bianca and Viorica. By weight of the 100 berries were divided into four groups - Bianca and Viorica (I), Pervenets Magaracha (II), Chardonnay (III), Pinot blanc and Tsitronnyy Magaracha (IV). Weight of 100 seeds from the largest varieties Pinot blanc and Bianca, and the lowest - in the varieties of Tsitronnyy Magaracha and Chardonnay. The solids content in the juices of these varieties ranged from 19.4 to 21.8%, which corresponded to branded products and higher of commodity varieties. Mass concentration of sugars ranged from 18.4 to 21.3 g / 100 cm3. Titratable acid content in the juice was varied from 0.65 to 0.78 g / 100 cm3. Sugar-acid ratio, defined as the ratio of concentration of sugars and titratable acids ranged from 23.6 to 30. The recommended values for this indicator were within 22-30. According to the results of the tasting, we rated "excellent" the juices from the varieties of Tsitronnyy Magaracha, Viorica (19 points) and Bianca (17 points); "good" marks were given to the juices from Pinot blanc, Chardonnay, Pervenets Magaracha: this means that we can get juices of excellent quality from the grape varieties under study with the title of ampelographic variety; in addition, the juice of the grape of varieties Chardonnay, Pinot blanc, Bianca, Pervenets Magaracha due to their potassium content will be functional to improve the cardiovascular system. On the basis of the tasting we have conducted mixing of the juices from the varieties of Viorica and citron Magaracha with other juice varieties 50:50 and 70:30. Sensory evaluation showed that blending juices from the varieties of Viorika and citron juice Tsitronnyy Magaracha other varieties improves product quality and 50:50 increases by one the total score, and 70:30 - two units. Blend of the varieties of Viorica and Tsitronnyy Magaracha does not increase the total score, but gives the product a special flavor and aroma. Hence, using the grape varieties under study we can produce varietal juices with the name of their ampelographic type and blended juices to extend the assortment
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06.00.00 Agricultural sciences
Description
In January 2015, at the Vineyard and ZAO "Pobeda" in Temryuk District of the Krasnodar region, the thermometer dropped to minus 21,6 C, which resulted in significant damage to the central wintering buds. The article presents a method of determining the degree of damage of wintering buds. Based on the results of inspection of variety by sections divided into 3 groups. Group 1: saved between 40 and 72% central. This group includes the following 7 varieties : Pervenets Magaracha (uch. 64) Gibernal (uch. 74/3), Viorica (uch. 77), Riton (uch. 66), Riesling (uch. 82), Traminer (uch. 73/2), Chardonnay (uch. 73/3). Cutting of bushes should be carried out by the usual way. The task of cutting - compensate the loss of crops due to leaving the greater load. Group 2: Central buds was damaged nearly 70-85%, saved from 20 to 35% of replacement buds. This group includes Merlot (uch. 83), Tsitronyy Magaracha (uch. 69), Augustine (uch. 66), Saperavi (uch. 79), Chardonnay (uch. 74/1), Muscat white (uch. 73) Cabernet Sauvignon (uch. 80). During cutting should be left as much as possible of annual shoots and well-developed secondary shoots. Group 3: damaged more than 85% of central buds, replacement buds significantly damaged . To this group assigned Saperavi (uch. 80), Pinot blanc (uch. 74), Merlot (uch. 80/2), Moldova (uch. 70), Chardonnay (uch. 68), Moldova (uch. 22) Kaberne- Sauvignon (uch. 68), Moldova (uch. 38), Arkadia (uch. 78), Tsimlyansky black (uch. 68). Pre-cutting consists in removing all clearly dead and unusable parts of the bush (dried vines, stumps, annual shoots) that will accelerate the development of shoots from the angular buds and resting buds. Considering the high plasticity of grape plants, can not only in accelerated way to restore the crown of bushes damaged by frost, but also get a crop in the current year, using special methods of agricultural technology
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ANALYSIS OF HUNTING STRATEGY OF UPPER PALEOLITHIC IN THE NORTHERN BLACK SEA COAST
Description
This article is devoted to the studying of one of the most important aspects of learning of life-support and wildlife management systems of hunting of ancient inhabitants of the Northern Black Sea Coast. Such researches are one of the main directions in sphere of studying prehistory of humankind in our country and abroad. The main aim of the research was to create the hunting pattern and to learn the chronological changes, by studying same time materials of Kamennaya Balka II, Tretij Mys, Anetolka II and Amvrosievka. During this research, the complex analysis of faunistic remainders was conducted with the help of new methods, which were developed by Russian and foreign authors. This led to a number of new high-quality results. The article shows the meaning of data which can be learnt by studying faunistic remainders and importance of such type of sources. The continuation of such research can extend our conception of life of our ancient ancestors
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ANALYSIS OF BUSINESS RISKS BASED ON A LIMITED RANGE OF CRITERIA
Description
Business risk is an integral part of the economic activities of any organization. Currently, compulsory and one of the main criteria of normal and stable operation of the economic entity is timely risk assessment of entrepreneurial activity in order to prevent further negative consequences. Issues of economic risk analysis of business are becoming more relevant, especially in the context of the global financial crisis. This article discusses the methods of analysis of business risks on the basis of a limited range of criteria. Studies have shown the example of a particular Agriculture Organization. We consider the evaluation of the structure of the balance sheet and analysis system by W. Beaver, evaluation according to the method of calculating the financial condition of agricultural producers. On the example of the organization under study we have given an assessment of business risks with the use of a limited range of criteria. In the context of each block there are specific indicators characterizing the increase or decrease the risks of entrepreneurship. Figures for the study were analyzed for the organization, and compared to the theoretical value is sufficient. For each of the aspects of the assessment of business risks on the basis of a limited range of criteria there are valid conclusions. Based on the study, we have stated the advantages and disadvantages of the test approach to risk assessment of entrepreneurial activity of the economic entity
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MULTI-OBJECTIVE APPROACH TO THE ANALYSIS OF BUSINESS RISKS
Description
Business risk is an integral part of the economic activities of any organization. Currently, compulsory and one of the main criteria of normal and stable operation of the economic entity is timely risk assessment of entrepreneurial activity in order to prevent further negative consequences. In this article, we present a technique of multi-criteria approach to the analysis of business risks. The basic signs of increasing risks of entrepreneurship are formulated. On the example of the organization under study, we have given an assessment of business risks with the use of multi-criteria approach. Within the article, we identify potential business risks as an analysis of the solvency and liquidity assessment, analysis of financial stability, comparative analysis of the calculations, the analysis of the business activity of the economic entity, assessment of cost-effectiveness study of the organization. In the context of each block, there are specific indicators characterizing the increase or decrease the risks of entrepreneurship. Data for the study was analyzed for the organization and compared to the theoretical value. For each of the aspects of multi-criteria assessment of business risks there are substantiated conclusions. Based on the study, we have stated the advantages and disadvantages of multi-criteria approach to risk assessment of entrepreneurial activity of the economic entity
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Description
In a competitive environment an effective measure of successful business management is diversification. This article discusses issues related to the expansion of the production activity of JSC "Slavprom" in the Slavic area. JSC "Slavprom" is a modern Vineyard and winery with a processing capacity of 6,500 tons of grapes per year. In the production activity of JSC "Slavprom" there is a number of problems: the low profitability of production; high levels of debt capital; insecurity own wine materials. As a way out of the crisis, the article examines the issues related to the expansion of industrial activity - the introduction of the production line of children's grape juice. This event will provide annually about 119.4 thousand. Liters of juice, and the five-year period - 597.0 thousand. L. Economic valuation of the project shows that the project is economically and socially effective, profitability is on average 23.3%. Discounted payback period at a discount rate of 14% is 20 months. Implementation of this project contributes entering new markets for JSC "Slavprom" with high quality and highly liquid products at an affordable price, replenishment at all levels and creating new vacancies
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Description
The article discusses approaches to differentiation of agricultural enterprises of the Krasnodar region on the production potential. As the object of study we have selected 640 agricultural enterprises of the Krasnodar region for 2013. Cluster analysis allows visually differentiate organizations in economic parameters. The advantage of this approach is evident when analyzed a large number of organizations and performance. It is preferred that clustering is made using hierarchical cluster analysis and k-means. The results of clustering agribusiness enterprises of the Krasnodar region on the main economic indicators were given. During the analysis, we revealed that the AIC enterprises of the Krasnodar region generally form five clusters. Cluster 1 is characterized by a very high level of development of the productive capacity of agribusiness enterprises, consists of 12 organizations and is defined as "extra large" organization. 2nd cluster is characterized as "large", it includes 25 agricultural enterprises. 3rd and 4th clusters - as "average", they account for 60% of the acreage, 52.6% of fixed assets for agricultural purposes. 5th cluster is represented as "small", is a leader in the number of organizations - 371 units and contains a minimum number of employees - 30 people. It is assumed that these approaches can be used for analysis of agricultural organizations of the Krasnodar region with different levels of specialization and in other studies
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