№ 116(2), February, 2016
Public date: 29.02.2016
Archive of journal: Articles count 106, 245 kb
-
RESEARCH OF WORK OF THE DESIGN ELEMENTS OF A HYDROSEEDER FOR CROPS OF VEGETABLE CULTURES
Description
The analysis, choice and justification of the device intended for management of a stream of working liquid at hydroseeding, and also the results of the laboratory researches of its uniform expiration are presented in this article
-
ANALYSIS OF METHODS AND MEANS OF DIAGNOSTICS OF BRAKE SYSTEMS OF VEHICLES
Description
The article presents native and foreign bench-top and board methods to test the automobile break systems. One can find information about some native trailer-break stands. We have analyzed their advantages and drawbacks such as low information capacity, high diagnostics processing time, low quality of regulation and maintenance operations due to big influence of the operator’s experience, his knowledge and individual characteristics, and great instability of manual test modes on the results of the investigations. To remove these shortcomings they have had some experiments at MADI in order to develop the module to the brake qualities stand. When using it one can have automatic diagnoses and flow chart is presented in the article. Due to the existing vehicles’ state inspection mode and diagnostic means in our country there appeared new stands for brakes control. One can attribute to these devices a range of brake qualities stands developed and produced at Novgorod plant GARO. These are STS-3, STS-10 and STO series stands for cars, trucks, buses and micro-buses. The article also presents some foreign stands used in Russia such as universal brake stands STM by META firm, the break stand IW7 Eurosystem by MAHARUSSIA firm. We have presented in the article the results of the analysis of simple and complicated board means of diagnosis as “Eftor-2”, “Effect”
-
Description
The article discusses the application of automated system-cognitive analysis (ASC-analysis), its mathematical model is a system of information theory and implements, its software tools – intellectual system called "Eidos" for solving one of the important tasks of ampelography: to quantify the similarities and differences of different clones of grapes using contours of the leaves. To solve this task we perform the following steps: 1) digitization of scanned images of the leaves and creation their mathematical models; 2) formation mathematical models of specific leaves with the application of information theory; 3) modeling the generalized images of leaves of different clones on the basis of specific leaves (multiparameter typing); 4) verification of the model by identifying specific leaf images with generic clones, i.e., classes (system identification); 5) quantification of the similarities and differences of the clones, i.e. cluster-constructive analysis of generalized images of leaves of various clones. The specific shape of the contour of the leaf is regarded as noise information on the clone to which it relates, including information about the true shape of a leaf of this clone (clean signal) and noise, which distort the real shape, due to the random influence of the environment. Software tools of ASA-analysis which is intellectual "Eidos" system provides the noise suppression and the detection of a signal about the true shape of a leaf of each clone on the basis of a number of noisy concrete examples of the leaves of this clone. This creates a single image of the shape of the leaf of each clone, independent of their specific implementations, i.e. "Eidos" of these images (in the sense of Plato) - the prototype or archetype (in the Jungian sense) of the images
-
PRINCIPLES OF ASSESSMENT AND RANKING OF UNIVERSITY’S STRUCTURAL DEPARTMENTS
Description
Main principles of ranking of objects, which are evaluated by numeric parameters, are considered in the article. Undoubtedly, the technique for internal assessment of University’s department should be harmonized with techniques of external assessments. It means that during setting of internal indicators, key indicators of external ratings must be taken into account. However, the system of rating’s composition by force of indexes’ aggregation, setting of weighting coefficients, using of various mathematic methods for reduction of an estimate to integral value, could differ from systems currently in use. The choice of methods is validated, which are appropriate for the procedure of ranking of University’s structural departments. For selection of alternatives based on specified criteria, Analytic hierarchy process by Saaty and Cogger and Yu method are proposed. The technique for internal rating of structural departments have been developed, which allows to estimate evolution of positions of faculties and departments in rating, as well as to recommend possible improvements. Recommendations for carrying out of University departments’ effectiveness monitoring are formulated. Techniques under development are being led to practical implementation, and could be introduced into self-assessment processes of Higher educational institutions. Complex technique combines all proposed techniques, and is a tool for carrying out of internal assessment of effectiveness of Higher educational institutions’ activities on base of uniform computation procedure with using of the set of approved indicators. The advantage of proposed technique is its flexibility, which consists in the possibility to adopt the calculation of indicators of activities’ effectiveness in accord with changes in the register and contents of primary data. Results of internal assessments of the University and its’ structural departments should favor the improvement of management system as well as creating of terms for dynamic development of the University, grounded on maximum effective using of available resources and potential of University’s research personnel
-
IT SABOTAGE IN THE CORPORATE SPHERE
Description
Nine out of ten acts of sabotage are committed by people one way or another associated with information technologies. According to experts at InfoWatch, developer of systems to protect confidential information from insiders, the reason for this profession lies in the psychological characteristics of these employees. Reading more will allow understanding the problem with a couple of examples from the life that most powerfully illustrate typical traits of professionals in the information environment. And, although the first teller did not hide his name, the second one decided to remain anonymous. Deep psychological background of the act of sabotage often leads to the fact that a disgruntled employee threatens boss or colleagues, for example, by e-mail. Sometimes he even shares his thoughts with someone from colleagues. In other words, not only the attacker knows the information about the upcoming sabotage. Analysts estimate that other people know 31% of information about the plans of a saboteur. Of these, 64% are colleagues, 21% with friends 14% — family members and another 14% were accomplices. It was also determined that 62% of corporate saboteurs think through their actions beforehand. In 47% of cases, they commit preparatory acts (e.g., theft of confidential data backups). 27% — design and test of the future mechanism of the attack (preparing a logic bomb on the corporate network, additional hidden system entries, etc). In 37% of cases the activity of employees can be noted: of this amount, 67% of preparatory actions visible online 11% offline and 22% both
-
THE ASYMPTOTIC INFORMATION CRITERION OF NOISE QUALITY
Description
Intuitively everyone understands that noise is a signal in which there no information is, or which in practice fails to reveal the information. More precisely, it is clear that a certain sequence of elements (the number) the more is the noise, the less information is contained in the values of some elements on the values of others. It is even stranger, that noone has suggested the way, but even the idea of measuring the amount of information in some fragments of signal of other fragments and its use as a criterion for assessing the degree of closeness of the signal to the noise. The authors propose the asymptotic information criterion of the quality of noise, and the method, technology and methodology of its application in practice. As a method of application of the asymptotic information criterion of noise quality, we offer, in practice, the automated systemcognitive analysis (ASC-analysis), and as a technology and software tools of ASC-analysis we offer the universal cognitive analytical system called "Eidos". As a method, we propose a technique of creating applications in the system, as well as their use for solving problems of identification, prediction, decision making and research the subject area by examining its model. We present an illustrative numerical example showing the ideas presented and demonstrating the efficiency of the proposed asymptotic information criterion of the quality of the noise, and the method, technology and methodology of its application in practice
-
TO THE RESEARCHES OF A MACHINE FOR EARTHING UP RATOON SHOOTS OF VEGETATIVE PROPAGATED APPLE STOCKS
Description
Stable obtaining in high quality fruits in the required volumes for Russia is possible in the transfer of industrial gardening to intensive cultivation system. Planting of this type provide a high early appearance and productivity, high quality fruits and quick payback on investment in their creation means. All of this is formed in the nursery garden. Under these conditions, the development and introduction of innovative machine technologies for industrial production of sticks is an urgent task. The problem of mechanization of the technological operation for earthing up ratoon shoots of vegetative propagated stocks has been considered in this work. A perspective scheme of machine comprising two milling rotors which have a flanked line with axis of rotation parallel line plants proposed consequently analytic research constructions of technical means for earthing up ratoon shoots. The program of the research for parametrics milling barrel for earthing up ratoon of vegetative propagated apple stocks include defining the dependence impact of the kinematics indicators (forward and circumferential speed of labor body) and the constructive indicators (quantity of blade and angle of their setting) to qualitative criterion: structure of soil provide optimal establishment stocks, and form of swath. Attainment of agrotechnical demands for earthing up ratoon shoots of vegetative propagated stocks is provided by the given aggregate under circumferential speed of labor body υ=3,9 m/c, quantity of blades – 4 pieces and angle of setting blades on rotor γ = 10° …20° . The use of a universal complex for the work in queen cell with technological module for earthing up ratoon shoots will allow not only labor-saving, but also mark up leaving of qualitative ratoon
-
06.00.00 Agricultural sciences
Description
The process of the presowing seed treatment with alternating electromagnet field of the commercial frequency (EMF CF) 50 Hz is economically efficient. The use of the EMF CF 50 Hz in the unit with ring pole pieces allows increasing the germinating energy and power. The electromagnet seed treatment in the units with ring pole pieces is the perspective process of the presowing treatment which does not make unhealthy influence on the operating personnel. At the presowing treatment one has to take into account three factors; they are the arrangement of seeds in the working chamber, the time of treatment and the seed humidity. In this article the authors recommend to promote the unit consisting of a magnetic circuit with ring pole pieces of the rectangular cross-section, a magnetizing coil and an embedding of the nonmagnetic material in the working chamber which allows to increase the germinating energy of spring barley by 10% and the germination by 6,5%. The addition to crop capacity has run to 7% as a result of the spring barley treatment. We analyzed the parameters of the working chamber of the alternating electromagnetic field source of industrial frequency of 50 Hz, we established the dependence of the rate of treatment on the parameters and modes of installation, which are confirmed by laboratory tests. Long-term field studies revealed that the field germination rate of the seeds of spring barley treated with EMF IF, even under adverse weather conditions, exceeds by more than 8% of the field germination rate of control samples
-
06.00.00 Agricultural sciences
Description
The article presents the material of forecasting for grape yield of next year and establishing the optimal loading if cutting of bushes. The material includes 14 varieties of grapes, 11 of them are technical and 3 are table ones. For each year of stable high yield of grapes, it is necessary to pre-set the optimum length of fruit cutting of shoots and optimum load on the bush healthy eyes. To do this for each variety on the eve of trimming bushes we perform optimum productivity analysis of wintering buds of fruit along the length of shoots, i.e. we implement forecasting of grape yield for next year. We have a plan of forecasting for yields of vineyards by microscopy of wintering buds on one-year shoots of fruit ripened grapes in order to establish the potential of embryonic establishment of inflorescences in the central holes of buds. Based on the analysis of buds, the indices were calculated for wintering fruiting buds and their degree of damage during the growing season. It was revealed, that the majority of grape varieties under study shows high tab embryonic inflorescences in central buds in overwintering buds for next year yield. Higher rates at a rate of fruiting buds were wintering in the varieties: Moldova (section 27). - 1.66; Bianca (section 6). - 1.83; Kunlean (section 15). - 1.71; Merlot (section 14). - 1.64; Saperavi (section 56). - 1.76. The lowest rates of fructification - the varieties Muscat Hamburg (section 21) and Augustine (section 11) and were respectively 1.20 and 1.24. As a planned productivity, we offered the optimal loading model of cutting bushes buds. As a result of productivity analyzes of buds along the length of the fruit shoots in 2016 we recommended to carry out pruning of fruit annual shoots 3-4 buds of the form of AZOS-1 and the form of cordon - 5-6 buds
-
PROBLEMS AND PROSPECTS OF TRITICALE IN FEEDING
06.00.00 Agricultural sciences
Description
In the decision to establish solid fodder resources in the arid parts of Southern Russia triticale should take its rightful place. It must be introduced instead of winter wheat, inferior to the yield, quality and output of nutrients per unit of area. It is necessary to maximize the potential of new varieties of winter triticale, as the productivity of animals largely depends on the varietal characteristics of the culture. Triticale has attracted special attention by its ability to exceed the parental forms on productivity and quality, and resistance to adverse soil and climatic conditions and the most dangerous disease is not inferior to rye. The generalized data of most researchers characterize triticale as a factor in increasing the productivity of animals and reducing the cost of feed per unit of output, although in some cases there is a negative trend in reduction of productivity by the replacement of cereal grain components for winter triticale. Due to the enrichment of compound feed with triticale grain by enzyme preparations and enzyme-probiotic supplements we can greatly increase productivity, digestibility of main nutrients, improve meat quality and reduce the cost of feed per unit of output. We can increase the productive effect of triticale grain by extrusion. In physiological metabolic experiments, it is found that by extruding of triticale grain the digestibility of the main nutrients is increased by 1.3-1.8%. Extruding of triticale before feeding promotes slaughter yield and increases the levels of protein in the muscle. The use of triticale in rations instead of wheat reduces the cost of the diet, the cost of the manufactured products and increases profitability. The study of achievements of scientists from various scientific organizations necessitates the further breeding work with the culture of triticale and requires the development of innovative technological methods that can help reduce the concentration of pentosans and beta-glucans in the grain
pdf 972.741kb
doc 972.741kb