№ 118(4), April, 2016
Public date: 29.04.2016
Archive of journal: Articles count 111, 300 kb
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06.00.00 Agricultural sciences
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF OILSEEDS PROCESSED PRODUCTS
06.00.00 Agricultural sciences
DescriptionCurrently, we are constantly improving the recipes of fish feeds, this reduces the cost of feed per gain, and it overall decreases cost of fish. We search for alternative cheaper sources of nutrients. Leftovers of vegetable oil and oil extraction industry such as oil cakes and meals have been used as high-protein feed additives for a long time. This requires a strict scientific control, precluding the possibility of their harmful effects on animal health. In this regard, there was a comparative analysis of the chemical and amino acid composition traditionally used in compound feeds for sturgeons of sunflower cake and feed concentrate from "Sarepta" vegetable raw materials. During the research it was found that "Sarepta" is better than sunflower meal considering protein and essential amino acids content
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USING "SAREPTA" FEED CONCENTRATE FROM VEGETABLE RAW MATERIALS IN COMPOUND FEEDS FOR STURGEONS
06.00.00 Agricultural sciences
DescriptionModern commodity sturgeon breeding is one of the profitable and dynamically developing directions of fish farming in the Russian Federation. Only the system of Rosrybhoz has more than 40 enterprises of different ownership forms for the cultivation of sturgeons. In 2012, in agricultural farming of the Russian Federation we had grown more than 2.0 thousand tons of sturgeon. Crucial role to maintain normal functioning of the body of the fish when grown in closed recirculation systems plays complete and balanced nutrition. Proper organization of biologically full feeding of fish helps to maximize expression of their genetic potential. The article presents the results of the researches of the efficiency of using feed concentrate from vegetable raw materials called "Sarepta" in the composition of feed additives for 2-year old Russian sturgeons
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ROBOTIC MEANS IN PLANT GROWING
06.00.00 Agricultural sciences
DescriptionThe article considers tendencies of development of the agroindustrial complex based on intellectualization of technical means, development and implementation of robotic machines in different manufacturing operations. We have analyzed design features and practical application of robots with vision systems in crop production. We have identified the feasibility and effectiveness of the introduction of new physical methods of processing plants by means of robotic tools that will automate technological processes of processing plants. The article describes the analysis of the mobility of the model of robots developed in the WIM based on mathematical simulation at different operating conditions. To check the model, we present calculations of the dynamic behavior of the robot body at different driving modes. The study shows the graphs of movement parameters obtained from the results of simulation and dynamics of dispersal. The analysis identified the advantages of technological application of the robot on the example of gardening
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06.00.00 Agricultural sciences
DescriptionThis article presents the results of the use of feed concentrate from vegetable raw materials called "Sarepta" in the amount of 5, 7.5% and 10% by weight of the feed, instead of sunflower meal in the feeding of Russian sturgeons. Studies have been conducted among 3 year old Russian sturgeons in the conditions of PRIBOY company in the Bykovsky district of the Volgograd region. The experiment lasted 24 weeks. Replacing sunflower meal with a product of processing of oilseeds - feed concentrate Sarepta, made from vegetable raw materials, in the composition of feed for sturgeons had a positive effect on live weight, absolute, average daily and relative gains and costs of feed. The use of "Sarepta" feed concentrate, made from vegetable raw materials in the feeding of Russian sturgeon contributes to the increase of live weight of 3.1-6.0 per cent, an absolute increase of live weight by 5.07-9.82 percent, and average daily and relative body weight increase. It was also found, that we had a decrease in feed consumption during the period of experience in the experimental groups. Morphological and biochemical parameters in experimental fish in all groups were within the physiological norm, which indicates a normally occurring redox processes in the body
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RESISTANCE OF THE SOIL UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF HORIZONTAL DISK WORKING BODY
DescriptionTillage plays an important role in the production of cereal and grains. The issues of improving the methods applied for soil treatment aimed at improving its quality significantly influencing crop yield have been considered. Reducing of all types of costs: energy, labor, money was also taken into consideration. In this article, based on numerous studies we have proposed to use the effect of oscillatory motion in the working body of tillage, improving the design of tillage machines, reducing the metal consumption of the machine, the intensity of the process while increasing quality of work. The article reveals issues related to embedding of the new tillage of the working body running in a horizontal plane and having special tabs (blade), allowing it to make a reciprocating rotational motion. This working body provides the undercutting of a soil layer and root system of weeds, the crumbling of the soil layer and its interaction with the working surfaces of the blades. The conditions of the sliding soil layer on the surface of the working body and reducing the pressure of the reservoir to the working body are proposed. It decreases the compression of the reservoir and the tractive resistance. We have substantiated the conditions for reciprocating rotational motion of the proposed disk of the working body in the working plane close to the horizontal, when interacting with a layer of the soil
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IMPROVING THE QUALITY OF FINE SOIL TREATMENT OF HORIZONTAL DISK WORKING ORGANS
DescriptionThe creation of machines and tools of new generation, which represent high-efficiency, highperformance and take less energy and metal is a global challenge for the modern science. In this article, based on numerous studies, it is proposed to use the effect of oscillatory motion in the working body of tillage, improving the design of tillage machines that aims to reduce metal consumption, energy intensity and improve quality of work. A new tillage working body, running in a horizontal plane and having special tabs (blades) allowing it to make a reciprocating rotational motion has been presented. The application of this working body provides agronomic, environmental, energetic and economic efficiency by trimming the layer of the soil and root system of weeds, crumbling soil layer during its interaction with the working surfaces of the blades. Due to the reciprocating rotational motion, the cleaning of the working body is observed. The constructive and technological scheme of the working body and the scheme of forces acting on the proposed working body at the moment of penetration and the rotation of the working body at a certain angle are offered. The conditions for the reciprocating rotational motion of the working body are obtained as well as differential equations allowing considering the process of movement of the working body. The article also reveals expressions for the elementary forces acting on the surface of the blade from the moving layer of soil
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Description
Fracture geometry depends on stresses and rock properties in hydraulic fracturing operation. Poisson’s ratio imports directly in the calculations related to formation stresses. The most important reason for limiting fracture height is the natural stresses contrast resulting from the differences with Poisson ratios. Without this difference, fracture would have largely uncontrolled height. The goal of this study is mathematical investigation of the effect of Poisson’s ratio on the formation stresses that is necessary to select value of breakdown pressure in hydraulic fracturing operation. In this article, a mathematical model has been coded using “MATLAB” software for prediction of stresses in the various layers. This designed program is able to present both digital and graphical output results for different values of Poisson’s ratio. At the end, stresses exerted on the different layers of the several real oil reservoirs have simulated and breakdown pressures have determined
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ORGANIZATION OF A CONCEPT DICTIONARY FOR IDENTIFICATION SYSTEM OF DATA WITH LIMITED DISTRIBUTION
DescriptionThe article deals with the problem of efficiency increase of the control of the information with limited distribution, which circulates in general purpose information networks, by means of working out an automated identification system of data with limited distribution. The purpose of working out the system is timely identification and prevention of leakage of information with limited distribution. There is a technique to construct a dictionary as a phase of working out an automated identification system of data with limited distribution suggested. It describes: 1) an order of association of the word forms having one semantic value in concepts which are designated by simple numbers; 2) the order of association of concepts in the data designated by natural numbers, thus the data identifier is a product of concept identifiers; 3) an order of representation of word forms their graphic bases; 4) designation of intraphrase connectors in concepts presented by word-combinations; 5) an order of representation of word forms in the form of abstract type of data - prefix tree; 6) an order of association of concepts of the formalizable document in the general prefix tree of graphic bases of word forms; 7) an order of identification of graphic bases in the tree. It defines: 1) restrictions on the size of the dictionary at the use of 64-digit processors, in a case if the operational system does not support arithmetics of repeated accuracy; 2) a maximum quantity of concepts of an analyzed fragment of the text; 3) the maximum value of the identifier of concepts and a maximum quantity of concepts of the dictionary. There is a table presented, illustrating the correlation between these three values
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ROTOR AND SCREW TECHNOLOGICAL SYSTEMS FOR PREPARATION OF SOLUTIONS AND CONCRETE
DescriptionWe have provided technical solutions to improve performance of technological systems for the preparation of solutions and concrete based on the use of screw rotors in the form of drums with helix lines formed on the perimeter as interconnect lines of his spiral surfaces. We discuss the six varieties of devices and installations for mixing, including concrete mixers, reels which are of a complicated geometric body formed by helical surfaces with variable or constant pitch and which creates screw lines in the places of their connection. In the form of screw drums, they may be conical, concave, convex, cylindrical. The experimental test was conducted on the concrete mixer drums, which are arranged one in the other. The implementation of the mixer in the form of coaxially edited two barrels provides not only a reduction in size in length, but a significant reduction in energy consumption due to the use of heat, released during the activation process of inert heating of the concrete mix as when re-mixing and concrete mix when mixing it with water and transportation. The drums of such systems is made of flat elements with the formation of the helical lines discretely spaced around the perimeter of different pitch and with different numbers directed towards each other helical surfaces. In the process of transporting the components of concrete in the internal screw drum there is active mixture of sand, gravel and cement. Thus, there is not only the destruction of lumpy, sticky components of the raw materials, but also active uniform distribution of particles of cement, sand and gravel into a homogenous mass. The implementation of the proposed technology and equipment ensures not only reduction of the dimensions of the mixer length, but also improving the quality of finished products, as well as potential cement savings of 3-5%
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THE YIELD AND COMPOSITION OF ESSENTIAL OIL FROM SPLIT CORIANDER FRUITS
DescriptionThe article studies dynamics of losses and the change of composition of essential oil from split coriander fruits. It is found, that in the fractions of split fruits, extracted from long-stored commercial lots of raw materials, mass fraction of essential oil is two or three times lower than in whole fruits. In the composition of essential oil from split fruits the content of valuable components - linalool, geraniol, geranyl acetate is slightly higher, and the content of undesirable hydrocarbons and camphor is lower. It is shown that from freshly split fruits, which were stored in a thin layer in the open air, the oil was intensively lost in the first three days, the losses reached 86 %. At the same time, the composition of the oil changed: the content of most volatile components - hydrocarbons decreased several times and the content of high-boiling linalool, geraniol, geranyl acetate significantly increased, which increased the quality of the oil smell. The change of composition is determined not only by the ratio of components volatility. The content of relatively high boiling camphor almost half decreased. This could be associated with less ability of fruit tissue to sorb and the ability of camphor to be easily sublimated. The content of volatile n-cymene over time increased with a simultaneous decrease in the content of γ– terpinene, which confirmed predominantly chemical way of n-cymene accumulation in coriander essential oil in conditions conducive to oxidation. It is recommended to separate the split fruits as soon as the raw materials come to the plant and to process immediately. Essential oil from split fruits can be used to adjust the composition of individual lots of oil in order to improve their quality, and to provide extraction of valuable components – linalool and geraniol by vacuum rectification method