№ 130(6), June, 2017
Public date: 30.06.2017
Archive of journal: Articles count 87, 224 kb
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06.00.00 Agricultural sciences
BIOENERGETICS ESTIMATION OF LONGTIME FERTILIZERS’ APPLICATION IN THE CROP ROTATION
06.00.00 Agricultural sciences
DescriptionThe influence of the crop rotation type, predecessor and different doses of mineral fertilizers on the yield of winter wheat varieties was investigated and bioenergetics estimation was given. Investigations were carried out in the North-Kuban Agricultural Experiment Station in two ten field crop rotation: grain tillage and grain - grass tillage rotation of prolonged stationary experience. The soil is the black soil, low in humus, powerful, with humus content (0-30sm), depending on the power of nutrition backgrounds in the arable soil layer. It was found that the selection of predecessors and the differentiated application of mineral fertilizers ensure stable high yields of grain and they exceed the varieties without fertilizers by 40-79%. Winter wheat yield depends on the crop rotation of 8-15%; from its predecessor - 15-18% and 27-31% of the fertilizer. A strong correlation between yield and agronomic methods was determined. The most effective predecessor for the wheat cultivation by the turnover of furrow slice is sainfoin, peas and wheat. More labor intensive and energy-consuming predecessors are grain maize and sugar beet
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06.00.00 Agricultural sciences
DescriptionThe trials were conducted in 2013-2015. Research objects: apple trees cv. Zhigulevskoye/62-396, year of planting – 2007, at 4,5x1m. Place of research – experimental orchard of ”I.V. Michurin Federal scientific centre " in Tambov region. The goal of research: to study the effect of fertigation and foliar nutrition in an intensive apple orchard. During the research there were done yield records, was determined the content of nutrients in leaves and soil. In the soil there was also determined humus content and acidity, fruits were analyzed on vitamin C, saccharides and organic acids contents. Nitrogen in leaves and soil was determined by Kjeldahl method, phosphorus by photocalorimeter KFK-3, potassium and calcium by flame photometer Jenway PFP-7. We have established the optimal average application rate for fertigation in conditions of the Central Chernozem zone of Russia, which could be used to calculate specific application rates with data of soil-leaf diagnostics. In our research, it is shown that the use of this application rate had no significant negative impact on the studied parameters of soil. It is shown that the biochemical composition of fruits is largely determined by weather conditions of the year of vegetation and foliar nutrition. Maximum efficiency of measures for mineral supply optimizing is achieved only with the good combination of fertigation and foliar nutrition
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THE PATH FOR IMPORT- SUBSTITUTION OF THE USE OF FOREIGN BREED PIGS
06.00.00 Agricultural sciences
DescriptionThe extensive path for development in the country in the twentieth century caused low competitiveness of Russian pig production. The productivity of domestic pig production was significantly lower than in Europe, US, Canada and China. Feed costs per 1 kg of gain were 2-3 times higher with a low yield of piglets from a sow per year: 14-16 with an average European 25-27 heads. The country did not have enough meat; as a result, a significant amount of meat products was imported to Russia. Restrictions on imports in connection to the imposition of embargoes contributed to the increase in demand for domestic products and opened new opportunities for Russian producers. One way to increase the production of pork is to use pigs with a high genetic potential for productivity, imported for breeding from Canada and Europe. Based on the conducted studies, it has been established that pigs of foreign breeding have high reproductive qualities, which proves the expediency of their application in commercial pig production to increase the efficiency of the industry development and reduce the import of pedigree youngsters from abroad. The implementation of two breed gilts will help increase productivity in the industrial pig production
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06.00.00 Agricultural sciences
DescriptionThe article reviews the results of studying the influence of mineral fertilizers on the qualitative indices of the Merlot grape variety in the Anapo-Taman zone of the Krasnodar region. The technology of cultivation of grapes on the experimental plot was in accordance with the accepted for the given zone and culture. Agrobiological work was carried out at the optimal time and had a high quality of execution. Grape bushes are laid in a 3.0 x 2.0 m pattern. Formation - a twoshoulder horizontal cordon. On the bushes we formed the same load of shoots and bunches. Scheme of the experiment: option 1 – no fertilizers (control); option 2-superphosphate with a mixture of potassium salt (P90K90) from the autumn; option 3 –nitroammofoska (N120P120K120) from autumn; option 4 – ammonium nitrate (N60) in early spring. Analysis of the results of studies on the study of biological features of growth, fruiting, yield and quality of Merlot grape varieties on the background of the use of mineral fertilizers shows their high efficiency in the conditions of the AnapoTamanskaya zone of the Krasnodar region and can be recommended for use in production conditions. Mineral fertilizers ensures the receipt of dry bulk wine of superior quality control sample (without fertilizers) the concentration of tartaric acid 17.3 25.1 percent, phenolic compounds 17.1 – 40.0 %, and alcohol content of 7.2 and 9.3 %, titratable acids 11.8 and 13.7 %, given extract by 17.4 %, with a decrease of the mass concentration of total sulfur dioxide and pH. The most effective is the introduction of NPK (N120P120K120)
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Description
There are three main growth points of modern information technologies: global network and mobile communication, advanced human-machine interfaces, intelligent technologies. As it is known, the system (synergistic) effect is usually observed in multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary researches. This means that an interesting direction of research and development is located at the overlap of these three promising areas, namely: advanced interfaces in the global mobile networks, advanced intelligent interfaces and the application of artificial intelligence technologies in the Internet and mobile communications. In addition, a particularly high relevance goes to the development and application prospective of intelligent interfaces to the Internet and mobile communications. The Internet intellectualities gradually, it turns from non-local storage of large data (big data) in information space that contains meaningful big data, i.e. "great information" (great info), and then in the space of knowledge or "cognitive space" in which most information is actively used to achieve goals (management) and turns into the "great knowledge" (great knowledge). There are more sites devoted to artificial intelligence, free databases for machine learning (UCI, Kaggle, and others) and even on-line intelligent applications, and interfaces used in the Internet are improving. Recently, there was an acquisition of company Oculus, which is the world's leading developer and manufacturer of ammunition of virtual reality by the developer of one of the first global social networking Facebook - Mark Zuckerberg. However, students and scientists still do not notice that open, scalable, interactive, intelligent on-line environment for learning and researches already exists and operates, based on automated system-cognitive analysis (ASC-analysis) and its programmatic Toolkit – intellectual "Eidos" and the author's website. This article is an original presentation and it is designed to familiarize potential users with the capabilities of this environment
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INFORMATION SYSTEM FOR THE ACCOUNTING OF FEED CONSUMPTION IN A DAIRY FARM
DescriptionA computer program, as an information system, is designed to fill in the daily form that simulates the form of SP 20. This document indicates the number of livestock, the feed consumption limit by species and sex and age groups per head and the total limit for a month for all livestock. The computer program is created on the basis of an Excel spreadsheet, which is easily mastered by the user (accountant, accountant, manager). The computer program is developed using the VBA language, which allows you to automate all computing operations for data processing. The user enters only known initial data (cattle groups, species and number of feeds)
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Description
Modern conditions of production and business activities dictate the requirements for compliance and environmental protection and natural resource management. To fulfill this requirement, enterprises related to I-III category, are obliged to carry out industrial environmental control. This article covers theoretical bases of the organization of production control for the enterprise category III; we have also reviewed the sequence of actions of the enterprises to the organization for this type of control. The object of study is a car service enterprise. This article provides approximate content of the main sections of the documentation on organization of industrial environmental control and provides recommendations on creation of environmental car service enterprises. The approach for organization of production environmental control and offered samples of the documentation can be widely used in various industries
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POWER SUPPLY UNITS OF OZONE GENERATORS USED IN AGRICULTURAL MANUFACTURING
DescriptionNumerous studies confirming the effectiveness of the use of the ozone-air mixture in various fields of agricultural production lead to an increase in demand for devices that generate ozone. With the increase in demand, the requirements for these devices also increase. Requirements from customers can be combined in the following series: mobility, ease of operation, ability to smoothly control performance. The solution of these tasks is an important scientific and technical task. This article describes possible options for power supplies for ozone generators, and offers a power supply circuit with the ability to adjust the frequency, the duty cycle and the amplitude of the signal arriving at the discharge gap of the ozonizer. Using this scheme will reduce the mass-size indicators of the ozonizer, thereby increasing its mobility, in addition, it will be possible to accurately regulate its performance and improve efficiency. If necessary, with the help of the proposed scheme, it is possible to introduce the ozone generator into the electric resonance mode, which will allow obtaining the maximum productivity of the ozonator. Thus, the ozonizer, equipped with the proposed power scheme, can be used in various technological processes of the same enterprise
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BUILDING AN EMPIRICAL DEPENDENCE OF THE GRANULOMETRIC COMPOSITION OF FOUNDRY DUST
DescriptionThe article considers the model of granulometric composition of foundry dust. We used the method of particle size analysis, which is based on the dependence between the size and the velocity of a body under the action of gravitational or centrifugal forces. Determination of granulometric composition of the given sample of powder was made using the laser diffraction method, implemented on a laser particle analyzer, Fritsch NanoTec “ANALISETTE 22”. A model of dust particle size distribution has been obtained
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PROCESS MODEL OF MANAGEMENT SYSTEM OF LABOR SAFETY OF A MACHINEBUILDING ENTERPRISE
DescriptionThis article is devoted to the implementation of the process approach in the OSH at a machine building enterprises. The approaches to the construction of process system have been considered, taking into account the open nature of certain system and methodological recommendations developed for QMS processes. Processes of OSH are a part of the general processes system of the machine-building enterprise. However, there is no clear a division of the necessary processes into managerial and main production, in any existing standards, supporting and auxiliary processes. In the article, known schemes of OSH processes are considered and a variant of the scheme is developed which meets all the requirements of the interested parties, influence of the external and internal environment of the enterprise, risks and opportunities. A variant of the decomposition of the process of system functioning with the allocation of subprocesses of the first, second and third levels