№ 133(9), November, 2017
Public date: 30.11.2017
Archive of journal: Articles count 94, 254 kb
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EFFICIENCY OF THE FERTILIZER SYSTEM IN THE TECHNOLOGY OF EMPOWERMENT OF WINTER WHEAT
06.00.00 Agricultural sciences
DescriptionWinter wheat is very demanding on the nutrient regime of the soil. Like many winter crops, it consumes the nutrients unevenly distributed during the vegetation period, which must be considered when making them. Modern varieties of winter wheat are very demanding to soil fertility. For the formation of 4,0-4,5 t/ha requires about 140 kg of nitrogen, 50 kg phosphorus and 120 kg potassium. Therefore, without the use of fertilizers, it is not possible to obtain such a crop with high grain quality. In addition, in the cultivation of winter wheat in the high and intensive technologies simply need using large amounts of fertilizer to compensate for the removal of nutrients. This is especially important when having partial or complete reduction of application of organic fertilizers. Therefore, we consider the possibility and the results of studies using different doses, combinations and types of fertilizers in technology of winter wheat cultivation. Experimental studies were carried out in the conditions of insufficient and unstable moistening of southern zone of Rostov region, on experimental fields of the federal state scientific institution «ASС «Donskoy». For research, we have chosen the most common varieties of winter wheat (Tanais, Granite, Axinite, Terra, Donskoy prostor, Motto) and various combinations and combinations of mineral and organic fertilizers. The experiments were conducted on two predecessors: couples and peas. As the controllable parameters we had the productivity and quality of winter wheat. We have found a positive impact of the in-change of fertilizer on the studied parameters with a share of the variance of 96% and a high degree of correlation of 0,98. The marked increase in the productivity of winter wheat is up to 22% when using different versions of the experiment. We have identified rational combination doses of mineral and organic nutrition for predecessors: peas N40P60K40+2N30 and vapor – manure 40t/ha+2Р60+2N30
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22.00.00 Sociological sciences
DescriptionThe article examines the ethical aspects of online communications in modern social networks. In the course of the study, the function "pumping an avatar", first proposed to users of the social network "VKontakte" on April 1, 2017 as a comic and innovative version of the congratulations on the Day of Laughter of their friends on the Internet, was studied. Some of the ethical aspects of the network innovation under consideration have been identified. The results of a questionnaire survey of students of Kuban State Technical University about the perception of the new online format of the April Fool's Day are given. The factors limiting in 2017 the diffusion of this innovation function among Internet users are considered. The results of the analysis of the reasons for both negative and positive attitude of Kuban State Technical University students to the possibility of making comic visual changes to the account of other users without their knowledge are presented. In the course of the study it was revealed that the individual model of behavior of the respondents on the Day of Laughter in many respects correlated with the model of their friends' behavior on the social network «Vkontakte». There is a hypothesis that if technical barriers to communication are eliminated, the next year may be seen viral effects both in distributing information about the avatar-pumping function itself in the social network, and in distributing content created with it
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SUPPLYING THE GREENHOUSES WITH POWER BY THE USE OF ASYNCHRONOUS GENERATORS
DescriptionDue to the recommendation of the World Health Organization, the standard rate of vegetables consumption for a person per year is 130-150 kg, including up to 15 kg of fresh production during the off-season. To meet these standards in Russia, the construction of greenhouses and greenhouse complexes was sped up. To cultivate the bulk of vegetables in the conditions of protected soil we have mostly used winter greenhouses. At the same time, in terms of the climatic conditions, the main production costs are accounted for energy carriers (up to 60 – 70%). The main consumers of energy in greenhouses are plants’ lighting and creation of the required temperature conditions for plants and soil. Annual increase of rates for energy carriers affects the cost of the greenhouses’ production. To increase the energy efficiency and independence in greenhouse complexes, it is proposed to use installations based on gas reciprocating units (GRU) for the production of two types of energy – electric and thermal. Such installations can run on the natural gas and other types of fuel. The drawback of existing installations is that they are mainly produced abroad or consist of the foreign components. As an alternative, we offer new technical solutions, which were developed and patented in the Russian Federation. What makes these solutions original is that asynchronous generators in the installations are used with various control schemes
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Description
The problem of TNCs expansion as an objective factor of globalization is urgent for the Russian economy at the present stage. The process of TNCs expansion has gone through several stages, and has its positive and negative consequences. The contradictory nature of TNCs introduction and operation on Russian consumer market affected its boundaries, structure and volumes. A number of the transnationalization indicators in the sectors of Russian economy reached their ultimate values. This involves assessing the consequences of transnationalization in the context of country's economic security, identifying measures of state policy to protect the borders and economic potential of the consumer market. The aggregate of state measures in industrial and structural policy should be aimed at accelerating domestic production growth, formation of stable borders and volumes of the consumer market, and ensuring the effectiveness of its functioning
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ECONOMIC ASPECTS OF INCREASING EFFECTIVENESS DEVELOPMENT IN GRAIN BUSINESS
DescriptionThe article highlights high level of agricultural production and promising export potential of the Krasnodar region. The authors provide analysis of market segments of export growth in grain business, consider opportunities of increasing competitiveness by improving production of grain, import substitution, and focusing on export. It is noted, that the cost of imported food in value chain terms in our country had reached an enormous rate, and that government had realized the need of strengthening food security and transferring production of traditional produce, which are forming the basis of consumption of the local population, to the domestic market. The authors point out that we need temporary moderate state protectionism and protection of the domestic market with the aim of modernizing the economy, attracting investors in the important fields of production with high risks. The main problems and solutions that will help to further successful implementation of this strategy in the sectors of grain economy are also defined. The article shows that the Krasnodar region has the most effective rural industrial structure, the best climate in the country, enlarged crop rotation, cheap labor resources, extensive experience in agricultural business. The authors propose adopting a set of measures of reducing systemic risks and enhancing competition in grain business; to reduce lending rates to 3-5 % to revive the lost ground in livestock breeding, particularly in pig and cattle, the basis of which is the production of grain, and also improve the scheme of distribution of state support
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THE FUNCTIONS OF PROPER NAMES IN LANGUAGE FOR SPECIAL PURPOSES (LSP)
10.00.00 Philological sciences
DescriptionIn any language there are such lexico-grammatical categories of nouns as proper names and common names. This fact is explained with the speaker’s desire to differentiate homogeneous subjects to individual and unique subjects. Both has their own purpose. Functions and aims. Being one of the subsystem of national language, language for special purposes provides the professional communication of people in scientific, production and technical spheres. But compare with a common language, language for special purposes is more laconic and is limited with lexis of researched scientific part. A common language in a process of communication transfer intellectual and emotional information; in fiction there is also esthetic information, but language for special purposes transfer only intellectual information. So synonyms, homonyms and tropes are strange for language for special purposes. Naturally, the forms of Proper names and their role are restricted. The emotional sphere depends on the approval of the author (denotate). So, the emotions and estimation depend on the content not a form of the language
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ETHNIC BUSINESS REGULATION FORMS: UDNP/ GEF PROJECTS AS AN INFORMATION SOURCE
DescriptionEthnic minorities’ traditional forms of economy and business are the object of a research. The common law norms in the sphere of traditional environmental management has included in researches subject domain. The list of the representative and verified sources of ethnological examinations and regional ethnological monitoring definition was the purpose of the conducted research. Assessment of information importance of the working documentation and printed materials, which had formed at United Nations Development Program (UDNP) implementation in the territory of the Russian Federation is carried out. Experience of implementation of the PROON/GEF project "Preservation of a biodiversity in the Russian part of the Altai-Sayansk ecoregion" (2006-2012)" is given as an example. The program covered six territorial subjects of the Russian Federation, all “native’s societies, referred to category "indigenous ethnic groups of the North, Siberia and the Far East", tens of national public associations and research groups. The attention is focused on the projects directed on ethnological monitoring organization and on the interaction system between the autochthonic population, municipal authorities, wildlife refuge and national parks management. The problems of rural settlement population connected with alternative (traditional) employment forms development have been lifted also. The plots connected with the common law norms place in the sphere of ethnic business definition have been considered on the basis of office work sources analysis. Common law norms were considered as the traditional communication systems and as the social regulato
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THE FORMATION AND QUALITY OF MEAT OF CATTLE BREEDING AND POULTRY FARMING
06.00.00 Agricultural sciences
DescriptionIn order to ensure import substitution and threshold values of meat production, it is necessary to stabilize the livestock of animals and introduce intensive technologies. In conditions of arid steppes, the animals of Kalmyk, Hereford and Aberdeen-Angus breeds are best suited to stall-pasture technology. Before weaning from mothers at 7-8 months of age, their offspring is grown without additional feeding, just mothers’ milk. Therefore, the growth rate of suckling young animals rarely exceeds 850 grams of daily growth, while the live weight reaches 400-450 kilograms at the age of 18 months, with some advantage in favor of the young generation of Hereford breed. Using the intensive 9- months growing at the fattening complex with feeding from the self-feeders ensured the average daily gain in the Kalmyk bull-calves at the level of 1398 grams, and for the Aberdeen-Angus and Hereford breeds the growth is 1533 grams. The highest growth energy, live weight (661 kilograms), was with Hereford bulls. From bulls of the native Kalmyk breed with intensive technology of growing, a heavy body weight increase of 331 kilograms at 18 months of age was obtained. All tested samples of meat according to microbiological indicators comply with the requirements of the Technical Regulations
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Description
The article considers some issues of organizing the recording of production costs by their location based on the specific features of industries with integrated use of raw materials on the example of the milling industry. In the authors’ view, the main disadvantage of accounting production costs and determining the cost of production with integrated use of raw materials is tackling the problems of delineation of costs between the products received, but not the problems of organizing accounting and isolating costs by their location and by cost drivers, which leads to the application of the simple (proportional) method of accounting for production costs and determining the cost of production. The authors set out a theoretical basis for the allocation of responsibility centers and the classification of production costs in accordance with the content and objectives of Management Accounting, which makes it possible to determine their composition and structure for enterprises of the milling industry. It was suggested that the method of accounting production costs depending on the wholesale price of products could be applied, which would enable flourmilling enterprises of Krasnodar Territory to increase the profitability of the goods produced, increase profits and reduce production costs
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UTILIZATION OF RICE STRAW BY CHOPPING AND SPLITTING WITH A POST-BLADE CYLINDER
DescriptionThe article focuses on the utilization of rice straw by chopping and splitting with a post-blade cylinder. The amount of rice production and rice straw in the Krasnodar region are specified in the article, as well as methods of utilization of non-grain part of rice harvest of rice, namely, burning in the field and use of rice straw as an organic fertilizer. The article describes a research on determination of the degree of rice straw humification under natural conditions at different parameters of its crushing and patching. According to the experimental results there was constructed a graph of the degree of rice straw humification by variants of the experiment. There was offered the projected constructive scheme of mobile trailer rice straw crusher from rolls in the article. The main results which were obtained to the present moment were shown in conclusions