Krasnodar Cooperative Institute
Author list of organization
List of articles written by the authors of the organization
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WAYS TO PROVIDE STABILITY OF RAW MATERIAL DURING STORAGE
DescriptionThe article analyzes the ways of ensuring a stable quality of fruit in the process of storage. The patented methods of storage, realization of which allows increasing of storage life of agricultural products by means of using low temperatures, regulating the content of gaseous medium in the storage, creating hermetic storing conditions, treating with chemical substances, using biopreparations, were systematized. The analysis of literature sources and patent information has show that the development of methods for storing plant raw materials with using biopreparations is up-to-date
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Description
Long-term storage of fruits can be achieved by means of their special preparation by pre-treatment before storage by electromagnetic fields of extremely low frequency (ELF EMF). In the current study patterns of influence of ELF EMF pre-treatment of fruits on the effectiveness of reducing microbial contamination during storage for the development of effective technological modes of preparation of fruits before storage are revealed. Qualitative and quantitative characteristics of microbial contamination of the fruits’ surface were studied. Effective modes of fruits (apples and pears) treatment by ELF EMF were established - for apples: frequency - 22 Hz, current - 10 A for 40 minutes, and for pears: frequency - 26 Hz, current - 5 A for 50 minutes, allowing to reduce to the maximum extent the microbial contamination of their surface, and also to reduce the loss of their weight from microbial spoilage during storage. The terms of storage of processed by ELF EMF fruits under refrigeration were established - for apple varieties Idared and Golden Delicious - within 8 months, for pear variety Conference - for 7 months
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Description
The situation which has developed in the Russian economy concerning investment activity taking into account the operating investment policy of the state is considered in the article. Today in the country the new aspect of the international relations demanding sharper and cardinal intervention of the state in the improvement of structure of investment resources develops. The purpose of this article is disclosure of the main characteristics of formation in dynamics of structural elements of investment resources and the offer of the directions of activization of the investment policy in Russia. Indexes of the main indicators of the investment activity in the Russian Federation are considered, the structure of investments into fixed capital by financing sources is analyzed. The main structural shifts in formation of the investment resources during the post-crisis period taking into account change of investment potential of institutional sectors and financial conditions of the investment activity in Russia are investigated. It is revealed that negative change of a situation with attraction of foreign investments into the Russian economy had significant effect on dynamics of investment resources. The situation, which developed in the economy of Russia quite precisely, lets to know that it is impossible to rely only on the self-regulating market. For more effective attraction of the investment resources strengthening of a role of the state support of investments, development and improvement of investment policy, searches of the most optimum cooperation of domestic enterprises with the foreign companies are offered
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WAYS TO PROVIDE STABILITY OF RAW MATERIAL DURING STORAGE
DescriptionAn analysis of patented in Russia and abroad methods for providing preservation of plant products, particularly apples and pears, was carried out in the article. The patent search was made for the period from 1995 to 2015 in the databases of patent offices of the United States of America, Japan and European patent organization. The patented methods, realization of which allows increasing of storage life of agricultural products by means of using different kinds of electromagnetic radiation, regulating the content of gaseous medium in the storage, treating with chemical substances, inhibiting the microbiological processes, creating hermetic storing conditions, were systematized. The realized research allowed drawing a conclusion on the relevance of work in the field of search for new methods for providing stable quality of fruits in the process of storing, particularly with the use of electromagnetic fields of very low frequency
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Description
The system of indicators characterizing the financial condition of a commercial organization, the major thing is profitability of its operations as the ratio of profit on sales and revenues, the ratio of profit before tax and the average annual value of total assets, the ratio of net profit and the average value of all assets, net income and average equity. Great practical importance for the efficient management of resources economic entity is marginal analysis, but it requires, in our opinion, improvement. In the academic literature on management analysis it is recommended to determine the relative value of the stock of financial strength ratio of the absolute value of the stock of financial strength and actual revenue; financial headroom suggested determined by the difference between the actual value of revenue and earnings, the corresponding break-even point. The relative value of the stock of financial strength should be determined, in our opinion, the ratio of the absolute value of the stock of financial strength and the amount of revenue in the break-even point. Recommended in textbooks relative value of the stock of financial strength is a share of stock of financial strength in the actual revenue. The method of rating the financial condition of commercial organizations (credit scoring of the American economist D. Durant) return on total assets is also a priority index, largely determining the solvency and liquidity of the balance sheet, the financial stability of the business entity. However, in practice the profitability of the invested capital is not always characterized by an optimal investment
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PROBLEMS OF RATING OF FINANCIAL ACTIVITY OF MANAGING SUBJECTS OF AGRARIAN SPHERE
DescriptionIn the article we have given a critical assessment of credit scoring by American economist D. Duran, we have grounded the developing of his method for the domestic economic conditions. The unacceptability of D. Duran’s method for the analysis of financial condition of domestic economic entities is explained by the following reasons: 1) the imperfection of the hierarchy of indicators of credit scoring, and 2) the imperfection of differentiation of scoring for the actual value of the indicators, forming the credit scoring by groups of firms. In the methodology of D. Duran the main indicator is a level of credit scoring profitability of total assets - for the first class of firms, that are the most financially stable, the authors have given a rating of "50 points" for the actual value of the profitability of 30%; the second most important indicator by the author’s choice is the ratio of current liquidity - for the actual value of the coefficient "of 2.0 and higher," are given 30 points to a first-class firms; the third indicator of the financial condition of firms author has defined as the ratio of the financial independence - for the first group of firms the actual value of the coefficient "of 0.7 and higher," are assessed 20 points. In the fifth, the last group of firms, numerical score is 0 (for the actual return on total assets "of less than 1%", as the value of the current liquidity ratio "of 1.0 or less," for the coefficient of financial independence "less than 0.2"). For assessment of the financial condition of the domestic agricultural producers, a priority in the hierarchy of indicators, in our opinion, has the ratio of financial independence, which is formed mainly by retained earnings. Our researches have shown that the numerical score of the coefficient value "of 0.8 and above" should be 50 points. The second most important in the assessment of the financial condition of the organization, in our opinion, is the profitability of total assets; its actual value "of 5% and above" should correspond to score 30 points. The third in the system of indicators, characterizing the financial condition, is the ratio of current liquidity of the assets. Its actual value "of 3.2 and above" should be evaluated in 20 points for the agricultural organizations of the first, most financially stable, group
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Description
The article presents data characterizing the composition of macro and micronutrients from secondary resources of pumpkin processing – pumpkin pomace. We have found that extracts of pumpkin are valuable raw materials for the production of food additives, as they contain proteins, dietary fiber, including pectin and protopectin, minerals, as well as such biologically active substances as vitamin C, β- carotene and P-active substances using nuclear magnetic relaxation, it is shown that pretreatment of pomace pumpkin in the microwave electromagnetic field of certain parameters before IR drying allows to transfer part of the bound moisture free moisture, that allows to intensify the subsequent process IR drying. We have developed an innovative technology of production of food supplements from pumpkin extracts, which is protected by Russian patent for the invention and having the “know-how” status. The article presents data describing the organoleptic and physical and chemical indicators of quality nutritional supplements, formulated according to the developed technological regimes
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Description
Technologies of fruits storing known at the present time, solving actual problems – slowing down biochemical processes, inhibiting ethylene synthesis, do not provide fully the preservation of quality of fruits due to not taking into consideration the peculiarities of microflora of fruits and microbiological processes, taking place during storage. Purpose of the research: investigation of influence of complex treatment of fruits with electromagnetic fields of extremely low frequency (ELF EMF) and the biopreparation “Vitaplan” on changing of losses of biologically active substances in the process of longterm storage. Objects of the research: apples of the Idared variety and pears of the Conference variety, regionalized in the Krasnodar region. Mass shares of the vitamin C and P-active substances were measured in the process of storing. ELF EMF treatment was conducted on an experimental installation. Fruits were exposed to the action of electromagnetic fields with specified parameters. Complex treatment of fruits (apples and pears) with ELF EMF and the biopreparation “Vitaplan” before dispatching for storage allows preserving the biologically active substances – the vitamin C and P-active substances – to the maximum degree. Synergetic effect, appearing due to the complex action of electromagnetic field and the bio-preparation, allows decreasing the processing time in the electromagnetic field
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FOOD AND BIOLOGICALLY ACTIVE ADDITIVES FROM SECONDARY PLANT RESOURCE
DescriptionThe article analyzes technologies and production methods of food and biologically active additives from secondary plant resources developed in Russia and abroad. We have studied a classification of secondary resources resulting from the processing of vegetable raw materials. It is found, that the most interesting (in terms of macro and micronutrients) are secondary resources resulting from the processing of fruit, vegetables and grapes, in the manufacturing process of vegetable oil, flour and cereals industry. It is concluded that, despite a significant number of currently developed and implemented technologies, the development of relevant ones provides complex processing of vegetable raw materials, with the release of a wide range of food and dietary supplements, resulting in a number of physiologically and technologically functional properties
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MODERN WAYS OF INULIN PRODUCTION FROM PLANT MATERIALS
DescriptionThe article presents the results of the patent research in the field of modern production technologies of Inulin from plant material. It has been established that the differences of the currently known methods of production of inulin are concluded in selecting raw materials pretreatment inulin-containing modes type extractant and extraction methods, methods of purification inulincontaining extract and methods for producing the final product. A significant amount of Inulin production methods is based on use of freshly feedstock. A number of methods have been patented involving the extraction Inulin from plant raw materials previously stabilized by drying. In most of the methods, inulin extraction is carried out at elevated temperatures with water or aqueous salt solutions. Several technologies involve extraction with organic solvents at low temperatures. Have been patented several processes in which the extraction is replaced by a separation process using inulincontaining juice and physical and mechanical methods. Some of the known processes provide for the extraction process to further operations, such as blanching vegetable raw materials, sonication, vibration impact, processing enzymes. The most promising direction to improve manufacturing technology of inulin from fresh plant raw materials is to conduct research on the use of electromagnetic fields at microwave frequencies, the inactivating effects of which on enzyme systems is an established fact that, in turn, would eliminate the use of chemical agents for inactivation of oxidative enzymes. In addition, considering that more effective are the methods for the preparation of inulin from freshly harvested plant material, are relevant researches on development of innovative technologies to prepare it for storage and its storage, which will provide inhibition of unwanted biochemical and microbiological processes that occur during storage and lead to a loss of inulin