The All-Russia scientific research institute of tobacco, makhorka and tobacco products
Author list of organization
List of articles written by the authors of the organization
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ENVIRONMENTAL TESTS OF FAST-RIPENING TOBACCO GRADES
06.00.00 Agricultural sciences
DescriptionAn important stage of breeding work on the development of new varieties is to test these varieties in the regions for which they are created. Optimum growing season is one of the adaptive properties of varieties, needed to cultivate them in certain circumstances
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FORMATION OF TOBACCO BUSINESS IN THE INDUSTRY OF RUSSIA: BACKGROUND AND TRENDS
DescriptionThe article discusses the scientific aspects of the development of the economy of tobacco industry in Russia. We have presented the results of research of corporation researches in the tobacco industry; we have justified the solutions of improvement of the effectiveness of the tobacco production
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TRIBOLOGICAL RESEARCH ON INTERACTION OF TOBACCO LEAVES WITH THE WORKING BODIES OF MACHINES
DescriptionThe results of tribological researches on influence of friction on contact interaction of tobacco leaves with working bodies of the machines for their harvesting and further green leaf processing are presented. Coefficients of static and sliding friction are measured
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THEORETICAL PROVING THE PARAMETERS OF A UNIT FOR SEEDLING FEEDING TO TRANSPLANTING DEVICE
05.20.00 Processes and machines of agroengineering systems
DescriptionTransplanting seedling into the field is an extremely important period for all seedling crops, as the plant passes through basic vegetation stages. After carried analysis of seedling transplantation machines utilization it became obvious that they all have low technical and exploitation parameters. The purpose of the research was elaboration of theoretical bases for calculating parameters of a unit for seedling feeding to transplanting device, which implementation will lead to increase efficiency of transplanting. The article presents the results of theoretical researches for proving parameters of a unit for seedling feeding to transplanting device. A system of equations for acting at seedling forces during its transportation from collecting drum to feeding drum is arranged. We have also calculated nomograms for defining drum rotating frequency depending on seedling friction coefficient on surfaces of collecting and feeding drums. Parameters of pneumatic feeding drum were technologically proved. Its principle is equality of capacities of feeding unit and transplanting device. We have elaborated a nomogram for defining feeding drum rotating frequency depending on plant spacing and velocity of transplanting machine
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05.20.01 Technologies and means of mechanization of agriculture (technical sciences)
DescriptionThe article presents results of theoretical and experimental studies on the justification and experimental confirmation of the influence of hydraulic seeding process modes on the parameters of row seeding technology for seedling crops. It is hypothesized that it is possible to ensure a uniform depth of seeding within 0.5...1.5 mm by feeding seeds into the soil by hydraulic means using a liquid. We have compiled a nomogram of the influence of the height of the initial level of the liquid and its density on the amount of pressure exerted by it on the soil. It was found that the pressure of the polydisperse system on the soil increases with both the density of the liquid and the height of the initial liquid level. Experimental studies have been conducted to study the effect of the pressure exerted by the liquid on the soil and the speed of the drill on the depth of furrow formation and the depth of wetting the soil. The article determines empirical dependences of furrow depth on the pressure exerted on it for different types of soils. It is found that the depth of soil wetting decreases with increasing speed of the drill
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CHEMICAL COMPOSITION COMPARISON OF DRIED TOBACCOS OBTAINED FROM DIFFERENT HYBRIDS, SORTS AND LINES
06.00.00 Agricultural sciences
DescriptionTasting and smoking properties of tobacco products depend on chemical composition of dried tobacco. The most important are nicotine, carbohydrates, and proteins. Their content is controlled when new sorts are bred. In the article data on chemical composition and their analysis for some hybrids, new and zoned sorts are presented. Most of studied samples had medium nicotine content in dried tobacco. Hybrid of Jubileiniy noviy 142 and Ostrolist 46, sorts: Trapezond 159, 359, 115 and Ostrolist 46 were characterized as low nicotine tobaccos. Jubileiniy (standard) and Oktiabrskii were characterized as high nicotine tobaccos. This indicator depends on rain quantity during vegetation period. During drought seasons this indicator is higher. Total soluble carbohydrates content affects smoke taste. The more water soluble carbohydrates content the better smoking properties tobacco has. Unlike nicotine, carbohydrates content when rainy season increases. Best results were for Krupnolistniy 9M and Oktiabrskii. Proteins have negative effect on smoke taste as it becomes bitter and with smell of burned feathers. Most of studied hybrids have quite high protein content. For cured tobacco quality assessment, not total contents of proteins and carbohydrates are important but their ratio (carbohydrates/proteins) called Shmuk ratio. Best results were for Krupnolistniy 9M and Oktiabrskii
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DEVELOPING SET OF EQUIPMENT FOR GREEN LEAF PROCESSING OF TOBACCO
DescriptionThe set of equipment for green leaf processing of tobacco, which begins from placement the tobacco leaves and finishes with tobacco packing in bales, is described in the article. Prototypes of equipment are developed at the level of the invention and pass tests in VNIITT
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NEW TOBACCO SORTS POTENTIAL FOR TOBACCO INDUSTRY DEVELOPMENT
06.00.00 Agricultural sciences
DescriptionThe review of the latest tobacco selection researches is given in the article. The basic aim of these researches is creation of new sort material, which is ecologically stable, and corresponding to energy conservation demands. New tobacco sorts are presented
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05.20.00 Processes and machines of agroengineering systems
DescriptionWe present results on proving parameters of the device for maintaining uniform flow of liquid in hydraulic row sowing machine for seedling plants. Main difference between row sowing in greenhouse and in field is 10 to 20 times less width between rows. Existing sowing machines (because of little width between rows) can only perform scattered sowing. A method and a scheme of the device for maintaining uniform flow of polydispersed system (working liquid – seeds of seedling plants) are theoretically proved. Parameters of the device for maintaining uniform flow of polydispersed system (working liquid – seeds of seedling plants) are experimentally proved. We have also defined the effect of pipe’s position in the tank on flow of polydispersed system out of it and the effect of polydispersed system parameters (working liquid – seeds of seedling plants) on peculiarities of hydraulic sowing technological process. Testing the experimental row sowing machine for seedling plants determined that this machine adequately performs sowing process and increases productivity 8.3 times compared to manual sowing