Ryazan State Agrotechnological University named after P.A. Kostychev
Author list of organization
List of articles written by the authors of the organization
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TECHNOLOGIES AND INSTALLATION TO CLEAN PARTS OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES AT STATEMENT OF FOR STORAGE
DescriptionAt the present time there is a problem in storage of agriculture machine-tractor park, because when operating of agricultural machinery parts thereof are covered by contamination. The most heavily becomes dirty machinery working in the toughest conditions. Pollution promotes decrease the operational reliability, accelerating of corrosion and aging, reduce the quality of maintenance service and performance technique. One of the number of important factors when setting technique for storage is the clearing of by of various types pollution, because the during storage of cleaned surfaces, components and parts are subjected still greater destruction and corrosion. Removal of various kinds of pollution is an important technological process which has a significant impact on the preservation of appliances, performance of work, the quality of the repair and maintenance of cars, culture, production and human health. The article contains a classification of contamination depending on the difficulty of their removal and density, basic information on techniques and devices for purification of units and parts of agricultural machines, as well as on substances used for this. We have reviewed bombardment of surfaces with contaminated carbon dioxide ice particles that leads to its full destruction. We have improved technology and created a universal device and the experimental plant for cleaning parts and assemblies prior to storage, which are not only inferior, but also in the majority superior to technical and economic performance of existing analogues
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Description
In agriculture the issue of enhancing the efficiency of operation of internal combustion engines (ICE), reducing the costs of maintenance (TO) and repairing (TP) fuel supply apparatus (TA) using the improvement of methods and means of diagnosis is a topical in connection with the aging rolling stock farming and lack of investment. Analysis of the known TA diesel engine vehicles systems showed that the most widespread system is the divided type with multiplunger high pressure fuel pump (fuel pump), while the methods of its diagnosing are laborious, they require partial disassembly and have insufficient accuracy. The mathematical models that characterize the work of a high-pressure fuel pump (fuel pump) use a large number of parameters that significantly affect the quality of dynamics of the change of pressure values of diesel fuel. However, in the materials of previously published articles there were no issues considered assessing the extent of the quantitative impact, performance and features change in the sensitivity settings of the mathematical models on the simulation results, there are no recommendations on the degree of sensitivity and importance of each of the parameters. For a more accurate diagnosis of the fuel supply apparatus of a diesel engine it is advisable to use several methods of diagnosing. The article substantiates development of a mathematical model of a high-pressure fuel pump based on the analysis of modern methods of diagnosing of fuel equipment for autotractor diesel engines
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Description
The article presents a technical diagnostics of a car as a complex of goals and tasks connected with trouble-shooting of mechanisms and systems in order to eliminate them. We have considered the stages of computer diagnostics of different automobile systems such as diagnosing the engine, the brake system, steering and suspension. We have analyzed their components, the ways of troubleshooting and elimination recommendations. The article presents the main troubles transferred from the electronic control unit. The article also presents the stages of diagnosing the engine including external examination, listening to abnormal noises, checking the operating fluids and the engine management system, diagnosing the basic engine systems and checking the cylinders being filled. The article contains the list of main troubles and their reasons. One can also see diagnosing the brake system, its defects and remedies. The article presents diagnostics and repair of the suspender and graphics describing the check of the dismantled shock strut at the stand and tests of the shock strut without being dismantled. We have analyzed computer diagnostics and the problems it solves
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RESULTS OF EXPERIMENTAL STUDIES OF THE DEVICE FOR ENERGY SATURATION OF A FUEL ON DIESEL D-243
DescriptionIn the article we have analyzed the results of measurements of pressure of gases in the combustion chamber and the fuel pressure at the inlet injector diesel D-243 at a processing frequency (acoustic and electromagnetic) fuel 17 kHz
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LABORATORY-FIELD TESTS OF EXPERIMENTAL DIGGER WITH MODERNIZED DIGGING THE WORKING BODIES
DescriptionPotatoes in our country are one of the most cultivated cultures in agriculture. The most time-consuming process in the production of potatoes is harvesting. Currently for potato harvesting potato harvesters or diggers are used. Existing machines are not sufficiently well-behaved in adverse operating conditions such as the high and low humidity. Quality of work of the units and devices of potato harvesters depends on the digging working parts. In the process of potato harvesting up to 1000 tons of heaps from 1 hectare go through the units of the machine, which includes plant residues and dense soil out of row spacing. To eliminate or reduce the impact of this lack, on either side of the coulter we set cutting discs which prevent ingress of heaps out of row spacing. However, due to the imperfections of the design they are slipping during operation what causes accumulation and enhancing traction resistance. Based on these facts, the work on improving the digging working parts in the actual and future challenges for the country's agriculture
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WAYS OF FURTHER MODERNIZATION OF VEHICLES FOR AN AGROINDUSTRIAL COMPLEX
DescriptionThe role of transport in agricultural production is considerable. It is a connecting link in a single technological chain of the agroindustrial complex of the country (RF AIC). In intraeconomic transportation in the RF AIC, along with cars, we widely use tractors. Rational application of wheeled tractors in intraeconomic carriage substantiates the possibility of their movements both on asphalted and dirt roads. A specific share of tractor transport in domestic agriculture amounts 22-27% of the total transport transportations and 50-60% of intraeconomic carriage. There is a high level of the usage of tractor transport in Western European countries and in the United States. In farms of leading Western European countries (Germany, Italy, France and others.) there is about 70-90% of intraeconomic carriage performed by tractor transport. One of the most substantial and difficult tasks is to fight with damage and losses of agricultural production, in which a very responsible role has been assigned to automobile and tractor transport as an important link in the AIC. According to the analysis of materials for the preparation and use of potatoes and apples, more than 15-20% of the products do not reach the consumer. Low quality of the use of vehicles during transportation is a problem. Transport costs in the prime cost of produced products in rural areas reach 30-40% or more. Lowering them will further influence the development of the agroindustrial complex. Thus, the creation of new of scientifically grounded decisions in designs of vehicles for intraeconomic carriage that enhance preservation and performance of potato harvesting and apples in the conditions of Russia's AIC is the actual scientific and technical task. Its solution makes a significant contribution to the development of the country, as well as it contributes to the implementation of breakeven, competitive manufacture
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Description
The results of theoretical studies presented in this article is intended to familiarize with perspective direction of improving quality of work potato harvesters by improving the working bodies of separation
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THEORETICAL INVESTIGATIONS OF STRAW PARTICLES MOTION WHEN LEVELING HAY ROLLS
DescriptionOne can see some density irregularity within the roll in the baler with a chamber of constant volume. We have found out that the maximum density of hay roll width (the baler width) is observed in the middle part. This is due to the shape of the hay roll entering the baler. To even the hay rolls they have mounted some rotating disks having some inclined spring pins above the baler. To improve the roller distribution the disks above the baler have been pushed forward forming a tapering gap. The evening discs rotating above the moving roll will cause some relative motion of hay particles. The interaction of the evening disks with the hay roll in the vertical plane will be determined by the elasticity of the hay roll and the weight of the frame with the disks. We have studied the trajectories of hay particles motion with the help of MathCad program. We have had the following initial parameters: the degree of compaction (decrease of the roll height when evening), the friction coefficient, the angle rate of the evening disks, the number of pins and the speed of the hay roll. As a result we have got the trajectories of the hay particles motion when the evening disks functioning. The analysis of the trajectories has allowed to establish some basic parameters of the evening device such as the distance of 0.15…0.2 m between the pins; the degree of compression while evening 20...25 %, the angle rate of the evening discs 23...30 rad / s and the diameter of the evening disc 0.74 m. The application of the evening device in the form of the disks with pins provides a uniform distribution of hay particles edgewise of the baler ensuring preliminary hay roll seal press before passing to the baler pressure chamber that contributes to getting the rolls with larger mass and a uniform distribution of hay density inside the roll
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DEFINITION OF THE MAIN REGIONAL PARTICIPANTS OF THE EDUCATIONAL PROCESS
DescriptionEngagement of educational services consumers in assessment of educational system activities through development of mechanisms for independent assessment of education quality is an important and urgent issue. The article provides review of methods for assessment of consumer satisfaction with educational programs
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Description
An integral part of technological process for the cultivation of agricultural crop is the transportation. It requires significant energy and labor costs. The statistics show that the proportion of expenses for transportation of goods in agriculture reaches 25-40% of the total costs for the production made, when the proportion of farm tractor transportations reaches 60% of the total. Thus there are considerable losses of production, reaching in separate cases up to 50%. They are especially high in the harvesting and post-harvest cycles of crop production which is connected with crop damage during transportation. The quality of fruits and vegetables during the harvest depends on the technology of its collection and transportation. Due to the rapid deterioration of most agricultural products, agricultural producers have the task in careful transportation of the fruit. A huge role in the preservation of the product is its harvesting and packing into containers. In Russia we use wooden boxes, and foreign farmers use containers, whereby they have higher productivity and preservation of fruits. The type of vehicle, the time of a day and the air temperature also have a large impact on crop damage. In Soviet times, various technologies have been developed for harvesting and transportation of the harvest to consumers using various types of forklifts, harvesters and vehicles. In our time, it requires the development of new technologies for harvesting and transportation of agricultural products to achieve a higher level of automation and high profitability of agricultural production