Krasnodar Research Institute of Agricultural Products Storage and Processing
Author list of organization
List of articles written by the authors of the organization
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CHARACTERISTIC OF EXISTING TECHNOLOGIES AND WAYS OF STORING OF TOPINAMBUR TUBERS
DescriptionThe article analyzes the existing technologies and methods of storage of tubers of topinambur. We have analyzed the traditional methods of storage of tubers of topinambur - in containers, boxes or bags in storage or in the ground clamps. Russian and foreign topinambur tubers storage technologies in modified atmosphere, with use of easily removable wax coating, with plant extracts treatment, at different storage temperatures are studied. We have also carried out analysis of scientific and patent sources led to the conclusion that existing technologies and methods of storing topinambur tubers, which do not allow reducing to the maximum extent the weight loss and the inulin hydrolysis during storage. A reasonable conclusion was made about the advisability of further studies in the field of innovative technologies and methods of preparation for storage and storage of topinambur tubers, ensuring minimal weight loss, as well as maximum preservation in their structure of inulin, vitamin C and other biologically active substances during storage
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RUSSIAN AND FOREIGN EXPERIENCE OF THE APPLICATION OF BIOPREPARATIONS IN STORAGE OF FRUITS
DescriptionThe article analyzes the ways of ensuring a stable quality and use of biopreparations patented in Russia and abroad. The most famous biopreparations developed by Russian scientists. The analysis of literature sources and patent information has show that the development of methods for storing plant raw materials with using biological protection means is actual. Research in the field of the use of biopreparations for the processing of agricultural products is of high practical importance, since they allow a significant reduction in losses during storage. The application of biological protection treatment technologies is the most effective, environmentally safe and economical way of preparing for storage of plant raw materials
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Description
Long-term storage of fruits can be achieved by means of decreasing microbial contamination of their surface as a result of fruits pre-treatment by biopreparations before dispatching for storage. In the current study patterns of influence of fruits pre-treatment with the “Ekstrasol” biopreparation in a number of concentrations of bioagent on the microbial contamination of their surface during storage are revealed. The “Ekstrasol” preparation is a biofungicide, containing the Ch-13 strain of Bacillus subtilis bacteria and their metabolites. As research objects there were chosen apples of a zoned in the Krasnodar region variety called Idared and pears of a zoned in the Krasnodar region variety called Conference, harvested in 2016. The apples and the pears were stored over a period of 6 months in the low temperature conditions. Samples were withdrawn every month over the period of storing. The species composition and quantity of the most prevalent microorganisms, potentially causing the spoilage of apples and pears during storing, were identified. The optimal concentration of the bioagent, which provides the maximal decreasing of microbial contamination of fruits’ (apples and pears) surface, is established – 106 CFU/g, dosage of solution – 1 ml per 100 g of fruit
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Description
The article presents the comparative characteristics of the current (diffusion) and developed (diffusion-press) sucrose extraction technology from sugar beet cossettes. We have presented the graphs of the influence of raw juice pumping value on its cleanliness and residual content of sucrose in partially desugared beet cossetes, the influence of partially desugared beet cossetes pressing power on residual content of sucrose in the pressed pulp and losses of sucrose with pressed pulp and also the technological scheme and regimes of diffusion-press extraction of sucrose from sugar beet cossettes. The criteria for determining the boundary parameters of diffusion and press sucrose extraction stages are identified. The comparative assessment of technological and economic indicators of the existing and the developed technologies of sucrose extraction from the beet cossettes is shown. The developed technology allows reducing raw juice pumping value simultaneously increasing its purity, thereby providing reduction of auxiliary materials and energy resources consumption, as well as increasing sugar yield. The technology of diffusion-press extraction of sucrose is implemented on 2 sugar beet factories of the Russian Federation. The economic effect from its implementation is more than 45 mln. rubles
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Description
To determine the mass fraction of linolenic acid in flax seed oil the authors developed a rapid method based on the pulse method of nuclear magnetic resonance with the use of NMR analyzers low resolution. This method has some significant advantages compared with the known method on the basis of chromatographic method for the determination of the mass fraction of linolenic acid in the oil extracted from the seeds of flax, namely, does not require additional sample preparation (extracting oil by solvent), eliminates the use of toxic chemicals, requires a much lower investment of time to conduct a single analysis, highly automated, and eliminates the influence of human factor on the research results. The method is based on the revealed correlation between the weighted average time spin-spin relaxation of protons contained in the triacylglycerols of the oil of the flax seed, and a mass fraction of linolenic acid in the seed oil at a temperature of 23ºc. In article results of research of influence of temperature on the weighted average time spin-spin relaxation of protons contained in the flax seed oil. Installed directly proportional linear relationship between the temperature of flax seeds and measured the average time spin-spin relaxation of protons oil contained in the flax seeds with the correlation coefficient is 0,930, the temperature change of the sample of seeds at 1 ° C leads to the change of the coefficient is 0.011 kt. The developed methodaccuracy in the temperature range from 20 to 26 ºC
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Description
Fruits are an important part of the diet of humans and many animals. In case of an improperly organized process of storing of fruits, the loss of mass and decrease of quality can be substantial. This makes relevant the research, aimed at enhancing existing and developing new technologies of fruits storing. In this article, the results of the investigation of influence of complex treatment of fruits with electromagnetic fields of extremely low frequency (EMF ELF) and а biopreparation on the change of microbial contamination of their surface and on the loss of mass in the process of long-term storage are revealed. Apples of the Idared variety and pears of the Conference variety were the objects of research. The change of microbial contamination of the surface of fruits, undergone a few types of pre-treatment (EMP ELF, bio-preparation “Vitaplan”, complex treatment “EMP ELF + the biopreparation” and no special treatment), after storing during 7 months in case of pears and 8 months in case of apples is shown in the article. It was found, that the greatest decrease of content of microorganisms on the fruits’ surface is achieved as a result of the complex treatment, combining the treatment with EMP ELF and an aqueous solution of the “Vitaplan” bio-preparation. The effective parameters of such a treatment for apples and pears are represented
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06.02.00 Veterinary and Husbandry
DescriptionProviding the population with basic foodstuffs, sources of proteins, fats, carbohydrates, vitamins and other essential nutrients is one of the main issues of ensuring the security of the country, while the requirement for food safety is paramount. Production of feed additives (concentrates), which improve feed conversion, while being natural and safe for animal health, acquires the greatest importance in the conditions of intensification of agriculture and increasing the competitiveness of livestock farms. Probiotic microflora, which, in competition with pathogenic, displaces the latter from the gastrointestinal tract, can be considered as one of the effective methods of controlling undesirable microflora in the digestive tract. In world science, research is actively conducted in the direction of searching for effective probiotic cultures. A promising way to increase the effectiveness of the use of probiotic feed additives is their addition to prebiotics, for example, including vitamins (antioxidants) and mineral substances (selenium). The purpose of this work was to determine the optimal ratio of biologically active substances contained in the feed vitamin-mineral concentrate, and probiotic microflora contained in the feed probiotic additive Bacell-M, for the development of complex feed concentrate. Using the Harrington's desirability function, the optimum ratio of biologically active substances and probiotic microflora in the recipe of the complex feed concentrate is determined, ensuring the maximum reduction in the serum levels of alanine aminotransferase in the blood serum of experimental animals, which characterizes the normalization of barrier organs
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USE OF RADIOACTIVE AGROBIOTECHNOLOGIES IN STORING AND PROCESSING OF PLANT MATERIALS
05.20.00 Processes and machines of agroengineering systems
DescriptionThe article analyzes the patented in different countries methods of using of the ionizing radiation in processes of storing and processing of plant materials. Description of nature of the radioactive treatment and the ionizing radiation is given; examples of possible sources of the ionizing radiation are listed. Advantages and disadvantages of the radioactive treatment are shown. The patent search in databases of the WIPO was carried out. Patents, registered in countries like Korea, China, Japan, etc., were analyzed. Methods, realization of which allows sterilizing of material and increasing its storing period, and also improving its processing, were systematized. The carried out survey of the patent documentation revealed, that at the present time there is quite a number of methods of using of the ionizing radiation in storing and processing of plant materials, which can be explained by the fact, that irradiation allows to solve quite effectively a number of important tasks, such as sterilizing the material and modifying chemical substances in its content. In the article it is also shown, that, nevertheless, issues of safety and quality of irradiated products have not yet been fully resolved. In the end, the conclusion was made about the relevance of further research in this field
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INNOVATIVE TECHNOLOGY OF DUALSTAGE OBTAINING RAW JUICE AND ITS PURIFYING IN SUGAR INDUSTRY
DescriptionThe typical scheme of sugar beet processing, used at most sugar beet factories in Russia has not been fundamentally changed for several dozens of years. As a result, the performance indicators of domestic beetprocessing enterprises are below the world average. The article considers the technology of two-stage extraction and subsequent lime-carbon dioxide raw juice purification with the separation of the preliming sludge and carrying out the carbonation treatment in one step. The theoretical foundations of a two-stage extraction of sucrose from sugar beet cossettes are described and the main criteria for its implementation are given. The chemistry of calcium compounds upon activation of a suspension of saturation precipitation, returned to a progressive preliminary defecation, is shown. On that the increasing of sedimentationfiltration properties of the preliming sludge is based that allows its separation on the existing equipment in based. The theoretical premises for carrying out saturation in a homogeneous liquid-liquid environment are given and practical principles for their realization are described. The comparative evaluation of existing and improved sugar beet processing technologies is carried out. The improved technology makes it possible to reduce the amount of raw juice while improving its purity, thereby reducing the consumption of auxiliary materials, fuel and energy resources, simplifying the technological scheme while improving the quality of the purified juice, namely, its higher purity, achieved by reducing the degree of transition of high-molecular compounds in it and increasing the effect of destruction of reducing substances
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RESEARCH OF THE INFLUENCE OF THE TREATMENT BEFORE STORAGE METHOD ON THE QUALITY OF CARROTS
05.20.00 Processes and machines of agroengineering systems
DescriptionThe article presents the results of a study of the influence of the processing method before storage on the commercial quality of carrot roots during storage. The object of the research was carrot of the Abaco variety. Objects of study were stored for 21 days at + (25 ± 1) ° C and 56 days at + (2 ± 1) ° C. Roots were treated with extremely low frequency electromagnetic fields (EMF ELF) and Vitaplan biopreparation separately and in combination. As a result of the research, it was established that the complex treatment of EMF ELF and biopreparation allows increasing the yield of standard carrot products compared to the control: 11.8% at storage temperature + (2 ± 1) ° C, 24.1% at storage temperature + (25 ± 1) ° C. A reduction in the total losses of carrots, treated with complex EMF ELF and biological product, was found by 5.8% at storage temperature + (2 ± 1) ° C and by 12.4% at storage temperature + (25 ± 1) ° C