08.00.00 Economic sciences
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MATERIAL STIMULATION OF WORK OF AGRICULTURE WORKERS
DescriptionIn the article, general question of material stimulation of workers are considered. There are given the definitions of concepts "interest", "motive", "motivation", "stimulus", "material stimulation", shown the main problems that are related to the motivation of workers and employers, whose solution is closely related to the successful, realization of the program for the development of the agro-industrial complex. The main reason for the shortage of labour in agriculture is a low level of wages that does not meet the needs of the population. Forms and wage systems in agriculture are justified by the features of agricultural production, payments in kind are applied. In connection with the policy of import substitution carried out by the state, the out flow labour from rural areals hoes decreased. To increase the efficiency of agricultural production it is necessary to carry act various measures including on stimulating workers of the agrarian sphere. It is expedient to divide wages into the main and additional parts while the guaranteed and variable share varies depending on the quality of labour. The use of new incentives for labour activity would make it possible to build a more effective labour incentive system with the use of which the employee will be an interested commodity producer, the owner of the products and resources
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Description
The article examines the problems of innovative development of various types of rocket and space technology, created with use of high technologies, industrial, scientific-technical and intellectual potentials. The relevance of these issues due to the need of modernization of the Russian economy in the long term. In the course of the study using the mathematical tools offered the important task of improving the scientific and methodological framework intended for implementation of innovative strategies in the field of space activities that help to improve the degree of feasibility of plans and programs to create high-tech products and services for various purposes. The article analyzes the features of the plans for the creation and production of advanced rocket and space technology, their impact on the pace and quality of exploration and use of outer space, which is determined using a simulation model and applying methods of program-targeted planning
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Description
Existing control system of functioning specially protected natural areas is not sufficient for the preservation of biological and natural diversity of the Krasnodar region. To create favorable conditions it is necessary to ensure the safety of ecosystems on the territory of natural distribution, conservation of viable populations of plants and animals, maintenance of ecological processes. It is necessary to do a cadastral registration of newly formed protected natural areas, to do a preparation of a management plan for the newly formed protected natural areas, to do an evaluation of effectiveness of intermediate design solutions, to do full ecological survey of natural objects, which is planned to declare the specially protected natural areas at the regional level. In our opinion, on the territory of Krasnodar region it is necessary to adjust the regulatory legal acts in accordance with applicable law, it must be coordinated interaction of federal and regional authorities. We consider that it is appropriate to set a deadline for agreeing the boundaries of protected areas’ zones for entering information into the Unified State register of real estate that will accelerate the procedure of establishment and abolishment of specially protected natural areas
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INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY IN INNOVATIVE ACTIVITY OF CORPORATIONS
DescriptionThe article is devoted to the problems of using nonmaterial, intellectual resources including knowledge and experience of application of intellectual products, innovative capacities of the countries. It is proved that intellectual property is a powerful financial instrument. Forms of protection of scientific and technical achievements are analyzed. The main approaches to activization of protection of intellectual property in innovative activity are considered. This provides minimization of risks in the knowledge-intensive technological productions containing a trade secret
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DEVELOPMENT OF INNOVATIVE SMALL AND MEDIUM ENTREPRENEURSHIP: APPROACHES TO THE RESEARCH
DescriptionThe article examines and summarizes the approaches to the study of innovation activities of small and medium-sized businesses. It gives substantiation of the innovative activity of small and medium-sized businesses, along with big business. Three groups of studies aimed at understanding the conditions and substance of innovation activities of small and medium-sized businesses are identified. The first group consists of empirical studies of small innovative business practices and its support in certain regions. The second group of studies analyzes the infrastructure of innovative activities of small and medium-sized businesses as a prerequisite for its development. The third group of studies examines the institutional constraints of innovative activities of small and medium-sized businesses. The analysis of the development of domestic and foreign authors is carried out. It was revealed that the institutional approach gives the modern tools for the analysis of the conditions of innovation activities of small and medium-sized businesses, namely the institutional constraints, entrepreneurship support institutions. The role of taxation as one of the key factors shaping the institutional environment of entrepreneurial activity is noted. Thus, article systematizes approaches to the analysis of innovative activities of small and medium-sized businesses, highlights the role of institutional conditions and restrictions. The results are useful for the formation of the strategy of development of small and medium entrepreneurship in order to enhance its innovative activities
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DEMAND DETERMINANTS ON THE RUSSIAN PHARMACEUTICAL MARKET IN THE CONDITIONS OF SANCTIONS
DescriptionThis article investigates the problem of drug supply in Russia during the financial and economic crisis. One of the priority tasks of the state should be providing the population with quality and affordable medicines. Low competitiveness of Russian drugs and substances, the lack of innovation in the pharmaceutical industry have led to high import-dependent on the Russian pharmaceutical market, which constitutes a threat to the economic security of Russia. On the one hand, the import of drugs and substances is one of the main factors of development and functioning of the pharmaceutical industry in Russia at present, but the existing structure of foreign trade of medicines and pharmaceutical substances testifies to the import of drug dependence. Of particular relevance is considered in this article the issue of import substitution in the pharmaceutical industry in terms of EU and us economic sanctions and financial crisis in Russia. The sharp fall of the ruble led to the destabilization of the Russian economy and consequently to higher prices for medicines and decrease in purchasing power, despite the fact that drugs are commodities of inelastic demand. With the aim of improving the competitiveness of domestic products and increases their market share in the Russian pharmaceutical market necessary to implement a number of economic and legal measures aimed at improving the system of state regulation of import of medicinal products
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Description
The article is devoted to the methodical aspects of revaluation of non-current assets acquiring special relevance in the conditions of adoption of the federal standard on accounting of fixed assets. The authors have developed recommendations about recalculation of initial cost and the saved-up depreciation during revaluation of fixed assets in the proportional way, in the way of change of depreciation, and also in the way of zeroing of depreciation. Within every way, a comparison of results of revaluation with the operating technique is carried out; conclusions are drawn on advantage of new ways from the point of view of formation of pertinent and accurate information in accounting financial statements. In addition, the authors have made an attempt of justification of application of this or that way of revaluation depending on a look, appointment and actual state of objects of fixed assets. Recommendations about accounting of results of revaluation are adapted to the operating Book of accounts of accounting of financial and economic activity. Materials of the article will help economic subjects to update accounting policies according to the planned changes in the documents regulating the organization and conducting accounting of fixed assets
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TOOLS FOR OPTIMIZING PRODUCTION MANAGEMENT TAKING INTO ACCOUNT PRICING MODELS
DescriptionThe state of any economic system depends on the values of its parameters, both in the current period and at previous times. Therefore, in the process of optimization of production management, it is necessary to take into account this feature of the development of the systems under consideration. The most important task of economic research is the establishment of an equilibrium price. The most suitable hysteresis converters for solving this problem, the formal description of which is based on their operator interpretation. However, at present, when analyzing the functions of supply and demand, a cobweb-like model and its analogues are used, as a rule. This article discusses the unresolved problem of optimizing production under conditions of hysteresis pricing and competition. Taking into account that their mathematical modeling is the main method of analyzing economic systems with hysteresis properties, different pricing models (discrete and continuous) are considered in the article, as well as economic and mathematical tools for optimizing production activity under hysteresis pricing conditions. The developed models can be used to increase the adequacy of the formal mathematical description of the corresponding systems, which is the basis for more accurate forecasts of their development. In the conditions of hysteresis pricing, production optimization algorithms will allow to create optimal (in terms of achieving maximum profit) price and production strategies for the development of economic systems
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ANALYSIS OF THE COMPLEX AREA DEVELOPMENT PROJECTS IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION
DescriptionThe article deals with the problem of realization of complex projects in the Russian Federation. A detailed analysis of the impact of integrated projects was carried out for the main parameters: the territorial and legal basis, the number of completed projects, the volume of attracted investments in the region, the volume of revenues of the project participants. According to the analysis of positive and negative practices of the implementation of complex projects in the regions with the highest gross regional product the Russian government recommended to pay attention to those complex projects that work "in the result", encouraging them, giving more preferences and privileges for investment and development of the territory as a whole. Some projects that are not only ineffective, but also bear the losses, should be reduced funding and in some cases to focus on their closure. As a result, it was concluded in part that the regions, which initially have a favorable socio-economic environment and the necessary infrastructure are more attractive to investors, and, naturally, more effectively develop. In such regions more residents come, due to which new jobs, growing the economy, increasing the gross regional product
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SOME ASPECTS OF THE ORGANIZATION OF ACCOUNTING SALES IN THE WHOLESALE TRADE OF SEED CROPS
DescriptionThis article reviews the activities of the company TD "YUGDOM". The authors consider the organization performance; produce an analysis of accounting organization of revenue from ordinary activities or other income, studying the nature of the organization, the types of income and the conditions for their receipt. They also study the formation of the organization of financial activity result from ordinary activities determined by cost of goods, products, works and services, which is formed on the basis of expenses from ordinary activities recognized in the reporting year, as in previous reporting periods, and passing expenses related to income in future periods, as adjusted, depending on the characteristics of production, works and services and selling them, as well as the sale (re-sale) of goods. We study expenses of the organization, depending on their nature, of the conditions and directions of the organization activities, subdivided into expenses on ordinary activities and other expenses and income size and (or) in accounts receivable, defined based on the price specified in the contract between the organization and the buyer (customer) or by the user organization's assets