08.00.00 Economic sciences
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GOVERNMENT SUPPORT FOR THE PROGRAMS OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF FRUIT INDUSTRY OF THE KRASNODAR REGION
DescriptionThe article is devoted to one of the pressing problems of providing of import substitution fruit and berry products on the territory of the Krasnodar region in terms of economic constraints. In the article we give a characteristic of the fruit industry and the factors of food security in the region in modern conditions. We have analyzed measures and the amount of state support fruit industry of the Krasnodar region. The necessity of application of program-target approach is visible in the development of the fruit industry, which is the incompatibility of period investment of budgetary funds to the period obtaining results. Retrospective analysis of compliance with the state program of measures to implement the planned renovations was also given. We have studied and analyzed the instruments of state support of the fruit products of the Krasnodar region (on the basis of program-target methods), which revealed a low level of validity of the objectives and instruments. The emerging trend of lack of own resources of agricultural producers for the renovation of plantations is a limiting factor in the development of the industry, reinforces the need to increase state support and differentiation of forms of state regulation. We have grouped measures of state support for the industry in "baskets" on the degree distorting effect on trade, as well as recommendations for areas of improvement tools program-target planning of regional fruit and berry subcomplex (validation of instruments and goals of the State program; reducing capital intensity) in a globalizing sanctions of the Russian economy
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Description
A diet of a modern man affects the formation of a healthy lifestyle very highly. It supplies the body with the main and irreplaceable nutrients, mineral components and energy. The Russian Federation population surveys, which were carried out by government agencies of the country show us that there is a lack of many nutrients with high nutritional value. Russian market is gradually stuffed with food products which have high nutritional value. For the maintenance of health, active longevity, and for improving their performance, people must consume their organism with all the necessary nutrients. That's why achieving an optimal balance among the nutrients is one of the important question of vital activity. In this article, there were considered optimization approaches to human diet with considering different types of metabolism and maintain weight with using economic and mathematical methods. Also in this article you can find the calculated values of the daily values depending on your calorie eating plan, anthropometric parameters and energy expenditure. We obtained daily value of calories and distributed basic food components- carbohydrates, proteins and fats, and also we calculate the optimal diet for the results of each type of physique - ectomorph, endomorph and mesomorph
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STATE REGULATION OF ORGANIC FARMING: BASES AND FEATURES OF THE EUROPEAN AND THE U.S. LEGISLATION
DescriptionRegulation of environmental protection in agricultural production is very important at the present time due to the growing trend of deterioration of the environment and public health worldwide. A severe negative impact on the environment is due to productive human activities in agriculture, one of which is soil pollution due to excessive use of pesticides. The implementation of organic methods of cultivation of agricultural crops is one of the ways of improving soil fertility. This trend was established in the EU and the US. In these countries, the sector of organic agriculture was modernized with following parameters: legislation, certification and standardization. In the article the authors analyze the characteristics of European and American legislation on organic production of agricultural products, the process of the emergence and development of this activity, as well as conditions for the formation of normative-legal acts, standards and certificates in the EU and the US. Major adverse effects of the widespread use of pesticides and other intensive methods of agricultural production were listed. We have also substantiated the need for the development of organic agriculture as a real instrument for the development of modern and competitive agriculture in the global food market, taking into account Russia's accession to the WTO. We have analyzed European and American legislation on organic production of agricultural products. The process of the emergence and development of this activity, as well as conditions for the formation of normative-legal acts, standards and certificates in the EU and the US has been revealed. We have also proved the need for the development and improvement of legislative base of the Russian Federation in the field of organic agriculture, certification and standardization, taking into account the experience, as the EU and other countries
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Description
In the article we have considered theories of the policy analysis based on the quantitative measurements of the efficiency (productivity) of any economic policy direction. The question of the need of law formulation of the effective and ineffective management and bureaucracy is substantiated. We have given the components of the financial policy and stated the approaches to increasing their efficiency. The contradictions in the use of a conceptual framework of the analysis of the policies in the modern Russian legislation are revealed. The ratio of the terms of “politician” and “state regulation of the economy” is presented. It is also defined, that the discrepancy of the measures of the economic policy is a consequence of the lack of the united methodology of the macroeconomic regulation. The generalization of the world practice of the economy state regulation allows us to systematize the directions of the economic policy two components demanded in the practice – the formation of the common economic space and the solution of the narrower tasks within 6 main approaches: financial, branch, territorial, functional, typological and program and target. The integrated approach to the policy analysis focuses on the observance in the political activity in Russia of the requirements of the efficiency examination of the all making administrative cycles of the macroeconomic development from a goal-setting to an assessment of the received results, but not their selective analysis
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Description
This article substantiates the importance of the development of the Far Eastern Federal District for economic growth and security of the country in terms of changes in the macroeconomic environment, as well as discloses the potential of this Russian Federation subject (huge reserves of natural resources, rich industrial base, trapping, reindeer herding, fishing, neighborhood with the Asia-Pacific region) and specifies the problems hindering its development (harsh climate, distance from the center of Russia, poor transport links, low population density). We have also presented a complex of government measures implemented to enhance the investment activity in the macro-region, including The essence of the federal target program, which determines the Far Eastern strategy of public policy, given the indicators and targets of its effectiveness. We presented and analyzed the actual data on the main indicators characterizing the volume, structure and orientation of foreign investment in the economy of the Far Eastern Federal District, designated by reason of their inefficiency and propose measures needed to create a competitive economy subject (to improve the economic and social integration of the population of the eastern regions of Russia with the rest of it; to invest in the restoration and creation of manufacturing industry enterprises; to reduce energy, transport, telecommunication tariffs; to develop mutually beneficial public-private partnership)
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THEORY OF SOCIAL MOTIVATION AS TOOL TO INCREASE SOCIAL PERFORMANCE IN SUB-SAHARAN COMPANIES
DescriptionThis article is about the theory of social motivation as a tool to increase social performance in Sub Saharan countries. So in the first part we will retell the theoretical understanding of motivation and its limits and then the explanation of the concept of social motivation as an alternative to complete the existing and old form of motivation. The second part of the article will talk about social performance and how to measure it. Several techniques are available for measuring performance of an employee. But the difference is in the sources of traits or qualities to be appraised. Jobs are different and have different requirements and different opinion of the management too. The practice is difficult sometime because of different kinds of workers (factory workers, executives or salespeople), which cannot be measured with the same indicators all the time. In this article we will see some theoretical and practical models of performance appraisal based on effectiveness and efficiency at work with concrete indicators. Also the readers will understand how social motivation, when well used in a company can increase the performance and transform the work place into a livelihood place for all stakeholders. And the article will end with the conclusion in which we have a piece of advice and literature references
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ANALYSIS OF BUSINESS RISKS BASED ON A LIMITED RANGE OF CRITERIA
DescriptionBusiness risk is an integral part of the economic activities of any organization. Currently, compulsory and one of the main criteria of normal and stable operation of the economic entity is timely risk assessment of entrepreneurial activity in order to prevent further negative consequences. Issues of economic risk analysis of business are becoming more relevant, especially in the context of the global financial crisis. This article discusses the methods of analysis of business risks on the basis of a limited range of criteria. Studies have shown the example of a particular Agriculture Organization. We consider the evaluation of the structure of the balance sheet and analysis system by W. Beaver, evaluation according to the method of calculating the financial condition of agricultural producers. On the example of the organization under study we have given an assessment of business risks with the use of a limited range of criteria. In the context of each block there are specific indicators characterizing the increase or decrease the risks of entrepreneurship. Figures for the study were analyzed for the organization, and compared to the theoretical value is sufficient. For each of the aspects of the assessment of business risks on the basis of a limited range of criteria there are valid conclusions. Based on the study, we have stated the advantages and disadvantages of the test approach to risk assessment of entrepreneurial activity of the economic entity
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MULTI-OBJECTIVE APPROACH TO THE ANALYSIS OF BUSINESS RISKS
DescriptionBusiness risk is an integral part of the economic activities of any organization. Currently, compulsory and one of the main criteria of normal and stable operation of the economic entity is timely risk assessment of entrepreneurial activity in order to prevent further negative consequences. In this article, we present a technique of multi-criteria approach to the analysis of business risks. The basic signs of increasing risks of entrepreneurship are formulated. On the example of the organization under study, we have given an assessment of business risks with the use of multi-criteria approach. Within the article, we identify potential business risks as an analysis of the solvency and liquidity assessment, analysis of financial stability, comparative analysis of the calculations, the analysis of the business activity of the economic entity, assessment of cost-effectiveness study of the organization. In the context of each block, there are specific indicators characterizing the increase or decrease the risks of entrepreneurship. Data for the study was analyzed for the organization and compared to the theoretical value. For each of the aspects of multi-criteria assessment of business risks there are substantiated conclusions. Based on the study, we have stated the advantages and disadvantages of multi-criteria approach to risk assessment of entrepreneurial activity of the economic entity
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Description
In a competitive environment an effective measure of successful business management is diversification. This article discusses issues related to the expansion of the production activity of JSC "Slavprom" in the Slavic area. JSC "Slavprom" is a modern Vineyard and winery with a processing capacity of 6,500 tons of grapes per year. In the production activity of JSC "Slavprom" there is a number of problems: the low profitability of production; high levels of debt capital; insecurity own wine materials. As a way out of the crisis, the article examines the issues related to the expansion of industrial activity - the introduction of the production line of children's grape juice. This event will provide annually about 119.4 thousand. Liters of juice, and the five-year period - 597.0 thousand. L. Economic valuation of the project shows that the project is economically and socially effective, profitability is on average 23.3%. Discounted payback period at a discount rate of 14% is 20 months. Implementation of this project contributes entering new markets for JSC "Slavprom" with high quality and highly liquid products at an affordable price, replenishment at all levels and creating new vacancies
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Description
The article discusses approaches to differentiation of agricultural enterprises of the Krasnodar region on the production potential. As the object of study we have selected 640 agricultural enterprises of the Krasnodar region for 2013. Cluster analysis allows visually differentiate organizations in economic parameters. The advantage of this approach is evident when analyzed a large number of organizations and performance. It is preferred that clustering is made using hierarchical cluster analysis and k-means. The results of clustering agribusiness enterprises of the Krasnodar region on the main economic indicators were given. During the analysis, we revealed that the AIC enterprises of the Krasnodar region generally form five clusters. Cluster 1 is characterized by a very high level of development of the productive capacity of agribusiness enterprises, consists of 12 organizations and is defined as "extra large" organization. 2nd cluster is characterized as "large", it includes 25 agricultural enterprises. 3rd and 4th clusters - as "average", they account for 60% of the acreage, 52.6% of fixed assets for agricultural purposes. 5th cluster is represented as "small", is a leader in the number of organizations - 371 units and contains a minimum number of employees - 30 people. It is assumed that these approaches can be used for analysis of agricultural organizations of the Krasnodar region with different levels of specialization and in other studies