09.00.00 Philosophic sciences
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ISOMORPHISM OF SYSTEM STAGES OF EVOLUTION
DescriptionThe article discusses and explains the similarity of organizational, structural and functional «solutions» at different system stages of the evolutionary development presented in nature and society. It is shown that at any level of biological organisation transition to a new stages of evolutionary development is implemented not only via «classical» individual changes (adaptations) of the particular organisms, but also by means of: 1) integration of organisms into the new systems of «superorganisms», 2) the differentiation of their functions or the division of labor, and 3) the development of internal and external communication, integrated into the overall communication system, ranging from single cells to ecological and social communication. The article argues that the distinctive characteristic of the present stage of evolution is cumulative cultural evolution of complex social systems that support (scaffold) the development of their individuals, through learning processes. It is shown that such social systems still have structural and functional isomorphism with biological systems; however, their reproduction and transmission implemented predominantly through more developed in the human community non-genetic inheritance systems, the advanced division of labour and distributed cognition.
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IS FREEDOM BETTER THAN NONFREEDOM?
DescriptionThe problem of human freedom as an existential phenomenon. It analyzes the current reality, where the average person with a conformist attitude was unable to speculate about genuine freedom. It reveals the practical sense of philosophizing, as a necessary process of formation of the inner freedom of the individual
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GENERAL AND SPECIAL IN MENTALITY OF CADETS
DescriptionThe article aims to reveal general and specific features in the mentality of students of different nations. The author comes to the conclusion that knowledge of mentality of students of different nationalities is a precondition for their successful learning in the multicultural environment of the military institution, the effective interaction with the faculty
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PEDAGOGICAL AXIOLOGY IN THE EDUCATIONAL SPACE OF THE CHUVASH REPUBLIC
DescriptionThe article considers theoretical and methodological bases of pedagogical axiology in the educational environment of the Chuvash Republic. Three stages of its formation are briefly indicated. Current challenges in relation to universities are discussed from different points of view. Conceptions of philosophy of education as a theoretical and methodological framework of the cognitive algorithm for foundation and explanation of the essential features of the holistic person are clarified. Propositions of pedagogical axiology in the field of higher education are identified and defined. Characteristics of elite education are considered. It is stated that social and cultural potential formed in the University space of the region is the basis for predicting the social development taking into account appropriate understanding of the personality and his/her culture. It is shown that evaluation of the evolution of education is possible together with analysis of the discipline of philosophy in education. Examples of the practical implementation of pedagogical axiology elements in the educational space of the Chuvash Republic are given and systematized
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THE PROBLEM OF THE GENERAL THEORETICAL BASES OF THE MODERN SCIENCE
DescriptionThis article discusses the problem of constructing a General scientific theory. This examines the theoretical foundations of science and scientific criteria; the study considers the current situation in science in the context of the problem of constructing a General scientific theory
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THE GENESIS OF THE "LEARNED IGNORANCE" DOCTRINE AND IT'S COGNITIVE VALUE
DescriptionA clarification and interpretation of the philosophical meaning of the "learned ignorance" doctrine, viewed from an aspect of a history of philosophy, involves a necessity to educe a genetic and essential relationship between the "learned ignorance" principle and the apophatic tradition of thought. The article describes the genesis of the "docta ignorantia" principle: it appeared in a context of theology as a method for attaining of the knowledge of God. It is this concept that often forces researchers to restrict the epistemic potential of the "learned ignorance" principle, leaving it in limits of negative theology and mystics. However after investigating the difference between the philosophical and the religious understanding of theology the authors of the article interpret the paradigm of the "learned ignorance" to be a fundamental philosophic principle of thought and cognition. Nowadays it is widely accepted, that the paradigm of the "learned ignorance" in it's classical form originates from the apophatic tradition. The article points out, that the representative examples of apophaticism, which could be found in the christian theology, on the one hand, were based on a solid philosophic tradition (predominantly platonic and neoplatonic), and on the other hand, did not complete a spread in a world philosophic thought of a definite (apophatic) tradition, which had an intimate connection with the paradigm of the "learned ignorance", postulating as it's main intention a seemingly paradoxical comprehension of the Absolute, supposed to be absolutely incomprehensible. The results of the scientific research in a field, thus defined, are presented briefly in this article
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THE PROBLEM OF READING AND WRITING IN THE CONTEXT OF A POETICS AND PRAGMATICS OF PHILOSOPHICAL TEXTS
DescriptionThe article considers the problem of reading and writing that is topical for the modern philosophy of the text. Philosophical text in modern humanitarian science is considered from the perspective of two of its functions – poetic and pragmatic. The poetic function of the text related to the structure of the text and the cultural and social role of the author in the process of "production". The pragmatic function of the text assumes its "consumption" by the reader, as well as the process of communication between author and reader. This article describes the results of research "the author function" in the humanitarian culture of the twentieth century. Modern analysts, such as R. Barthes, M. Foucault and Eco are talking about the "death of the author", so the term “letter” replaces the concept of text in modern culture. In this regard, the role of the reader increases, not only as a "recipient" of the text, but also as his collaborator. The reader interprets the text, providing the space of its cultural consumption and reproduction in modern society. The key mechanism for such reproduction can be called "hypertext" because it corresponds to the understanding of the text from the perspective of structuralism, and from the perspective of modern information society. In the article we make a conclusion about the necessity of further research in this direction
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Description
Only the rational, normally functioning legislation is able to afford free exchange of information, respectively and normal functioning of cultural institutions, and creation of effective social technologies and effective functioning of democratic society, as such. It only emphasizes its special social importance both for the country in general, and for each hotel citizen as cultural values cause internal stability of society, being its spiritual basis, its toposy. And the library science which is determined as - an industry of information, cultural, educational activities of society that includes education and development of libraries, forming and handling of library stocks, the organization of library, information and library and bibliographic servicing of users of libraries, preparation of library personnel, scientific and methodical ensuring development of libraries has special value in this aspect. The emphasized attention to a library science and people who work in organizations of libraries can be seen in the Presidential decree of Ukraine "About establishment of All-Ukrainian day of libraries" from 5/14/1998 No. 71/98 and which is directed as it is told in the Decree on increase of a role of the book in social and political and historical and cultural life of the population of Ukraine, and also on the problem resolution of development of a library science. Thus, it is possible to conclude that in Ukraine there are developments the legislation, both for needs of the most library science, and for implementation of free exchange of information within the country and beyond its limits. That, in turn, can be a basis as for creation, application and effective use of social technologies, and for further development of the cultural sphere of society
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MODEL OF THE NETWORK COMMUNITY IN THE POST-INDUSTRIAL AND INFORMATION CONCEPTS
DescriptionThe article studies the works of the theorists of postindustrial and information concepts of the society’s development. The author thoroughly examines the role of these paradigms in shaping perceptions of the modern socio-cultural space. He notes the high prognostic value of the studies for understanding the phenomenon of the Network society. The author draws attention to the fact that they cannot fully describe the current state of social space and do not have the required methodological diversity. It is noted that new ways of thinking and organizing objects of the virtual environment are required. According to the author, it is important to designate the information as one of the priority components of the transformation process in society. Technology and the Internet mediated communication creates a new type of social relations, switching attention to the creation of social communications as a play environment of interactions. Compression of the space-time continuum described in terms of information and global social space redirection, helps to comprehend the locality, mosaic and fragmentation of the occurring type of sociality. This phenomenon appears due to the involvement of individuals in the total communication system that turns out to be the cultural manipulation, affecting the needs and behavior in all spheres of life, as the information acquires the ability to program. Internet creates the illusion of fullness of socially demanded actions and expectations. The article shows that the interest in the phenomenon of image reality is increasingly growing among the social thinkers, who see it as the future state of the social space. The author draws attention to the fact that the development of the online world is defined by the main task of the modern human sciences, the solution of which is carried out by the ordering and value ranging the virtualization phenomena, by the optimization of methods of control over the interaction of real and virtual realities
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Description
The article deals with the spiritual autonomy of religious consciousness as a cultural phenomenon in the context of everyday life in the hermeneutic aspect. For understanding the basics of spiritual autonomy of religious consciousness it is necessary to analyze the language of religion, in this case, based on the concept of culture code using hermeneutic methods in the civilized and cultural-historical approaches, focusing on the unity of objectivity and subjectivity, to meet with the image of a different culture and its values