06.02.10 Private animal husbandry, technology of production of animal products (agricultural sciences)
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THE METHOD OF IMPROVEMENT OF GROWING BROILER CHICKENS ZOOHYGIENIC CONDITIONS
DescriptionMetabolic products, water, dust and litter are released into the air and accumulated in the house when the birds are kept on the litter. The following techniques are available when caring for litter: a) cleaning, b) application of dehumidifiers, c) acceleration of decomposition by special microbiological preparations. The purpose of the experiments is to study the effect of a microbiological preparation in the litter on broiler productivity. Chickens “Cobb-500”, “Ross-308” and “Change-8” were up to 38-42 days old in special boxes. “Sunvit-K” and “Sunvit-K-forte” brought in the litter at the 21-, 28- and 38-day-old age of the bird. These biodestructors with bacteria have increased broiler productivity due to improved hygiene. The best effect was when applying to the litter “Sanvit-K” and “Sanvit-K-forte” at a dose of 20 and 10 g per square meter. м. The final weight of broilers increased by 3.8-5.3%, and EPEF is 346-348 units
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EXCHANGE PROCESSES IN THE BODY OF BROILER CHICKENS WHEN USING THE FEED ADDITIVE INNOVIT E 60
DescriptionVitamin E, having an antioxidant effect, also has a versatile effect on metabolism. It is proved that vitamin E is necessary for the integrity and optimal function of the reproductive, muscle, circulatory, nervous and immune systems. The feed additive Innovit E 60 was produced in the Russian Federation by the MEGAMIX company using innovative technology, which has no analogues in the world. The article presents the test results of the Innovit E 60 feed additive as a part of premixes for the purpose of enriching compound feeds for broiler chickens with vitamin E. The authors have found that the studied feed additive activated metabolic processes in the body of broiler chickens of ROSS 308 cross. Chickens of the experimental group better digested nutrients feed in comparison with analogues of the control group. A significant increase in the digestibility of crude protein by chickens of the experimental groups was found to be 1.11 and 0.92%, crude fat - by 2.11 and 1.85%, BEV - by 2.53 and 2.24%. The deposition of nitrogen in the body of the chickens of the experimental groups is higher than in the control group by 5.73 and 5.05%, and its use from the accepted - by 2.94 and 2.56%. By the end of the feeding, the difference in live weight was 90.3 (4.25%) and 68.5 g (3.22%), and feed costs per 1 kg of live weight gain decreased by 0.06 and 0.04 kg. The control slaughter of broiler chickens showed that the slaughter yield in the experimental groups increased: males by 0.6 and 0.4%, chickens by 0.8 and 0.5%; the mass of pectoral muscles of males - by 46.0 and 41.0g, chickens - by 43.0 and 36.0g. The feed additive Innovit E 60 in the diets of broiler chickens helps to improve the digestibility of the main nutrients of the feed, increase live weight, slaughter exit and exit of the pectoral muscles
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BEEKEEPING AS A NECESSARY FACTOR OF APC DEVELOPMENT
DescriptionThe creation of stable agrocenoses requires ensuring a high pollination rate by maintaining a certain number of bee colonies per unit area. In Russia, over the past four years, the number of bee families has decreased to 3.1 million. For the full pollination of the entomophilous crops available in the Russian Federation, more than 7 million bee families are needed. The shortage of bees in Russia led to a massive import of bee packages from Uzbekistan, which significantly reduced the employment and profitability of residents in Russian agriculture. To ensure socio-economic well-being in rural areas, it is necessary to establish the formation of their own bee packages in the early spring. To do this, it is advisable to use instrumental insemination of bees, which allows to increase the productivity of the bee colonies by 25-40% and receive early bee packages with fetal uterus. It is necessary to carry out technical re-equipment of the industry, having established the production of mobile bee pavilions, beehive loaders, and honey pumping complexes. The development of beekeeping due to the manifestation of the multiplier effect will contribute to increasing the efficiency of the entire agricultural sector of the country
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THE USE OF FEED COMPLEX PALUTENA P-2 IN THE DIET OF THE AFRICAN BLACK OSTRICH
DescriptionThe article presents a research on the influence of Felucene P-2 on the growth of black African ostriches, as well as on the hematological parameters of the blood of ostriches. For the experiment, two groups of ostriches, aged 2 months, were formed: the first one received a standard diet, the second - the Felucene p-2 feed complex was added to the standard diet. As a result of the conducted research, it was found that Felucene P-2 is an effective feed complex of domestic production, allowing under equal conditions of feeding and maintenance to increase the growth and development of young ostriches. From the age of 120 days, an increase in the average daily increase in the live weight of black African ostriches was recorded, and high growth energy of the bird was observed up to the age of 240 days
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Description
The article contains information that allows us to assess the importance of intermuscular abscesses in the range of indicators that affect the quality of pork produced in modern pig breeding complexes with flow technology. Calendar periods with increased rates of carcass rejection at a meat processing plant due to intermuscular abscesses were identified; the numerical value of rejection was established: from 2-3 carcasses from a batch in the "safe" months to 20-30 in the "unfavorable" ones. The article presents opinions of researchers on the causes of intermuscular abscesses are given; the importance of violations of vaccination technology is highlighted; an officially approved immune-prophylaxis scheme used at a large meat processing enterprise in the Krasnodar region. The analysis of the specialist's actions during the implementation of vaccine injections in growing animals was performed, and possible causes of process violations that can lead to the occurrence of an abscess were determined. The work justifies use of in vivo and post-slaughter ultrasound diagnostics of an abscess as a pathological object with certain characteristics. We have also noted the necessity of economic justification for the purchase of a mobile or stationary ultrasound device by a company
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EMBRYO PRODUCTIONS WITH CONVENTIONAL AND SEXED SEMEN USE IN "KUBAN” AGRO COMPANY
DescriptionAt the Kuban Agricultural Association OJSC, Ust-Labinsky District, Krasnodar region, a research has been carried out on obtaining embryos from cows and heifers of donors using sexed and conventional frozen seed. In the first experiment, 159 doses of ordinary frozen semen from 3 different bulls were used to inseminate 57 cows and heifers - donors. In the second experiment, 63 doses of normal frozen semen from 3 different bulls were expended for insemination of 21 cows and heifers of donors after treatment with super ovulation for 9 days. On the 7th day after insemination, the embryos were collected in experimental cows and heifers of the donors, their number was counted, and the quality was evaluated. As a result of the study, it observed that the obtained embryos from each donor were different in quantity and quality. The number of embryos, using traditional sperm, was from 1 to 42, and on average per cow 13.68 ± 2.45. Among them, 8.40 ± 1.08 embryos belonged to the first class, 0.35 ± 0.45 - to the 2nd class; 4.90 ± 0.94 to the 3rd class, as well as 4.90 ± 0.94 embryos were degenerated. After donor insemination with sexed sperm, 1 to 22 embryos were obtained, an average of 9.01 ± 4.03. Including 4.92 ± 3.04 embryos belonging to the 1st class, 1.31 ± 1.02 - of the second class, 0.28 ± 0.27 - of the 3rd class and 2.48. ± 0.71 degenerated. The results showed that the average number of embryos obtained using conventional sperm is larger compared to the use of sexed semen, regardless of the donor cow or heifer. Conclusion: the use of traditional frozen semen allows us to get more and better quality embryos from cows and heifer donors
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Description
One of the urgent directions of finding promising raw ingredients in the feeding of farm animals and birds is the use of larvae of flies as a source of alternative protein. In Russia, LLC «New Biotechnology» is engaged in the processing of organic waste using the larvae of the flies of the population Lucilia Caesar under a project accredited at the Skolkovo Innovation Center, which, after a global reconstruction, started its production. The use of flour from larvae of flies in feeding poultry, including turkeys, is a new direction that is becoming more widespread among leading world producers. The authors established the high efficiency of using protein-lipid concentrate (PLC) from the larvae of flies of the population Lucilia Caesar in the production of cross BIG-6 turkey meat. It is proved that the use of the studied additives in the amount of 5.0 and 7.5% in the diets of turkey-poults for fattening can increase the live weight of females and males of the experimental groups. By the end of the feeding, the excess in live weight of the females of the experimental groups relative to the control was 858 (8.67%) and 1211g (12.24%), males - 980 (6.17%) and 1362g (8.58%), respectively. The average daily gain in live weight of females of the experimental groups during the feeding period exceeded the control by 6.7 and 9.8 g, males - by 8.8 and 12.2 g, and feed costs per 1 kg of growth decreased: in females - by 0.06 and 0, 17 kg, for males - 0.09 and 0.18 kg. The protein level in the average meat sample increased in the I experimental group by 1.26, in the II experimental group - by 1.57%, and the cholesterol level decreased by 7.21 and 10.95%. The results of the study allowed us to conclude that the protein-lipid concentrate (PLC) from the larvae of flies of the Lucilia Caesar population contributes to an increase in the growth and development of turkey poultry, lower feed costs and improve the quality of meat
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Description
The article provides a convincing argument for the preference of wool and fur products over artificial and synthetic textile fibers. It is noted that artificial fibers and synthetics have negative ionization, while natural wool has positive ionization. It is emphasized that negative ionization is far from harmless to humans. The analysis of the state of sheep breeding in the Russian Federation is given and this industry in the Rostov region is characterized against this background. The data on the number and productivity of sheep of the main age and sex groups, the production of young animals per one hundred ewes are presented. The characteristic of tribal resources of the country and region is given. The breeding base of the industry in the Russian Federation is represented by 205 breeding organizations, including 3 breeding and genetic centers, 44 breeding plants, 145 breeding reproducers and 13 gene pool farms, which contain 1389.8 thousand sheep (39.0 % of their total number in agricultural organizations and 6.6 % of the sheep population in farms of all categories), including 904.7 thousand Queens (35.0 and 6.2%, respectively). The breeding base of the Rostov region has eleven farms, of which 6 breeding plants for such breeds as the Soviet Merino and salskaya and 5 breeding reproducers. In addition to these breed resources, there are breeding reproducers for the qigai and edilbaev breeds in the region. Total number of breeding sheep in the region is almost 44 thousand. The article indicates main problems in the development of the industry and ways and means to solve them
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MORPHOLOGICAL AND CHEMICAL PARAMETERS OF OSTRICH EGGS
DescriptionThe article carries out an analysis of morpho-chemical parameters of ostrich eggs when l-carnitine is included in the diet. Studies were conducted on two groups of ostriches: I-received a standard diet, II-to the standard diet received L-carnitine at a rate of 300 mg per 1 kg of feed. From April to August we were studying the ostrich egg production, morphological composition of eggs, chemical composition of albumen and yolk, the amino acid composition of egg yolk, the level of cholesterol, fatty acids including saturated, unsaturated and polyunsaturated. It has been determined, that L-carnitine increases the egg production of ostriches by 24%. The weight of protein in the groups was 56.9-56.2%; yolk-27.6-26.7%; shell-16.4 -16.2%. The amount of cholesterol in the egg yolk of the 1st group ostriches was 12.2 mg, in the 2nd one it decreased by 7.4% (P>0.95) and amounted to 11.3 mg per gram of yolk. The level of amino acids in the egg yolk of the 1st and 2nd groups was approximately equal. The number of fatty acids in the 1st and 2nd groups was: saturated 39.5 and 39.7%, monounsaturated 49.99 and 49.80%, polyunsaturated 10.37 and 10.47% respectively. The sum of unsaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids in ostrich eggs was 60.36 - 60.27%. The sum of ω3 and ω6 fatty acids is 10.18 and 10.25%. Ratio ω3: ω6-1: 3,3. The ratio of polyunsaturated to saturated acids was approximately 1:3, and polyunsaturated + monounsaturated to saturated-1.52 units (approximately 1.5 : 1).
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MAINTENANCE AND USE OF BREEDING COWS OF THE HOLSTEIN BREED IN THE CONDITIONS OF INTENSIVE TECHNOLOGY
DescriptionConsidering the fact that in Russia the development of dairy cattle breeding is based on increasing milk production in terms of providing this product, the further increase in milk yield and quality of cow's milk remains important. Some farms in Russia, including the Krasnodar region, have reached high milk production rates in whole herds of up to 12-13 thousand kg of milk per cow. Today it is important to “propagate” such farms. To achieve this goal, it is necessary to study their livestock breeders experience, approaches to the selection of cattle (calves, heifers, cows), to form herds of animals that can get high milk yield under the conditions created for them. The farm in which we conducted our scientific research is distinguished by the fact that much attention is paid to maintaining a high level of breeding and breeding, as well as to creating optimal factors for keeping, feeding and caring for animals. Agroholding Step includes 5 farms in divisions: one in the Kuban Step, two in public company of shareholders “Rodina” and two in shareholder company “Novoplastunovskaya” Three farms are located in the village of Chelbasskaya, where the cowsheds were reconstructed and equipped with new equipment. In the village of Novoplastunovskaya, new buildings were built in the territory of the old farm, and the 4th farm was built in 2018 in the new territory. All farms contain highly productive breeding cows of the Holstein breed. The Russian information programs “Selex-Dairy Cattle” and Israeli program “AfiFarm” were introduced. We have studied zoohygienic conditions in various buildings of dairy farms in the spring, where animals are constantly kept. The results obtained indicate that the cows are kept in comfortable conditions, allowing them to eat a balanced diet in accordance with their needs and to avoid many stresses what is important for the secretion of milk. Indicators of genetic potential for milk production of cows and the effectiveness of its manifestation are also determined